MODULE 1LAB #2 SYSTEM HARDWARE COMPONENTS - RECOGNITION AND INSTALLATION OBJECTIVES: After completing this exercise, the student should be able to: - obtain technical information about systems from the manufacturer's web site - list and describe all that major parts that make up the System Unit - describe the purpose of each major component and list its main specifications - assemble a computer from basic parts and test to see if it works REFERENCES: Text #1 Chapter 3 Assembling a Computer
EQUIPMENT: Student Supplied: - Binder containing Course Outline, Lab Procedures and Report *** - Safety glasses - Tools Philips screw driver and needle nose pliers - Internet access College Supplied: - Windows XP based Trainer PC - Image Files PRELAB: PART #1 SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION 1. Use the Service Tag from Lab #1 to obtain information from the Dell Web site to complete as much of the table shown on the results sheet as possible. (Use the procedure from Lab #1 including the username and password you created to access this information make sure you use the service tag # you provided to the instructor on the results sheet or your values may not match.) Look under "Product Manuals + Specifications" for more information about your system.
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****************************** READ THIS FIRST ********************************* WARNING STATIC ELECTRICITY DO NOT INSERT OR HANDLE THE COMPONENTS UNTIL THE PROCEDURE REQUIRES YOU TO. DO NOT TOUCH THE GOLD PLATED EDGE CONNECTORS OF THE VARIOUS DEVICES AS THE SKIN OILS CAN CHANGE THE CONDUCTIVITY OF THE CONNECTION. ALL STUDENTS MUST WEAR SAFETY GLASSES WHILE WORKING IN THE LAB DURING THIS EXPERIMENT. (Removal of your glasses during the class will result in the instructor reducing your in lab evaluation.) This lab can be done in groups of two if equipment is limited. The components you will be handling are very susceptible to damage from static electricity, the proper procedure is to wear an antistatic wrist strap, if these are not available it is important to touch a ground point on the bench before touching the component. The components should be kept on an antistatic mat if this is not available use an antistatic bag as a mat and store any unused devices in the bag when finished with your project. PART #2 MAJOR SYSTEM COMPONENT IDENTIFICATION 1. Disassemble the following components from the computer: 1. the three ribbon cables 2. power cables from all the drives and motherboard 3. CDROM drive 4. CPU and place on antistatic bag 5. RAM memory and place on antistatic bag 6. fold the power supply open 2. Locate the follow the MAJOR system components on your system unit and label them on the diagram on the Lab Results sheet. Chassis, Power Supply, Motherboard, Floppy Drive, Hard Drive, CDROM Drive PART #3 DETAILED PART EXAMINATION 1. Following procedures require you to find detailed information about each of the Major components found in the System unit. A. SYSTEM CHASSIS 2. The purpose of this device is to house the system components examined above. System Chassis are of two models; ________________ or tower. Within these models the size of the case vary from a mini/low profile to a full/server size this also determines the expandability of the system. The type of case is based on the motherboard form factor. With the help of Google determine the form factor for this case. Technology List three other factors to consider when selecting a case. EE 368 L#2 Pg# 2
B. POWER SUPPLY
3. The purpose of this device is to convert high voltage AC (Alternating Current) to several low voltage DC (Direct Current) values required by components within the system unit. The power supply is housed in a metal case with a fan to ensure proper cooling for the power supply and system unit, reduce electromagnetic interference and make working in the computer safer. 4. Look closely at the power supply to determine and complete the table of information provided on the results sheet including: Model number, Form Factor, Power output, Output voltages, and Current at rated voltages Technology - Answer the questions on the results sheet relating to power supplies. C. MOTHER BOARD 5. The purpose of the motherboard is to provide a place to which all the other components connect and it houses the processing parts of the computer. The term integrated motherboard is used to describe a motherboard that also contains some of the I/O devices that would normally be connected to a mother board such as a video card. 6. Motherboards contain the CPU, RAM, BIOS ROM/CMOS RAM, CMOS Battery, a Chipset, Multi I/O chip, Expansion Buses, Power Connectors, IDE1 and IDE2 connectors, Floppy connector, and Jumpers mark these devices on the diagram on the Lab Results Sheet. This is an integrated motherboard that also contains 3D Video Accelerator I.C., Two Video RAMs, a Network Controller I.C., and Sound Controller I.C. that should also be shown on the diagram on the Lab Results sheet Technology Use Internet searches to determine which number on the 3D Video Accelerator I.C., Network Controller I.C., Sound Controller I.C. and Super I/O I.C. refers to the model # of the I.C. (The number that would allow us to find the supporting drivers for the I.C.) and record these numbers in the table on your Lab Results Sheet. D. CPU 7. Do not handle the CPU without first touching a grounded point on the bench. The CPU is the brain of the computer its purpose is to process instructions and data for the operating system and applications. EE 368 L#2 Pg# 3
8. The following information is required to verify that the CPU is compatible with the motherboard and to check for software compatibility. Record the CPU's manufacturer, model, socket or slot type, internal clock frequency, level 2 cache size, external or front side bus clock frequency, core voltage and the Intel's sSpec number (SL???) in the table on the Lab Results sheet. Technology Use the sSpec number and (http://support.intel.com/support/processors/sspec/p3p.htm) the Intel web site to find the Power dissipation of this CPU.
E. RAM 9. Do not handle the RAM without first touching a grounded point on the bench. The RAM is the main memory of the computer it's purpose is to provide volatile high speed access to programs and data that the CPU is working with. The width of the memory in bits must be the same as the data bus width of the processor, the P4 processor has a 64 bit data bus this means that if the RAM modules are only 32 bits wide then RAM modules would need to be installed in pairs. 10. The following information is required when selecting memory for motherboard; memory type (FPM, EDO, SDRAM, DDR, RDRAM), memory speed in MHz.(100,133,266,333,400,800), and memory size in MB. Record the number on the sticker of RAM memory module and try to determine the type of memory, the memory's speed and the size of the memory. F. EXPANSION BUS SLOTS 11. The expansion bus slots are important because they allow new peripherals to be interfaced to the computer. Expansion bus systems evolve just like CPU's but at a much slower rate, this enables our old peripherals to work with a new computer. The most common expansion bus systems are ISA, PCI, AGP, PCMCIA, and USB. The ISA expansion bus is outdated and is now longer available on newer systems it can be recognized by the use of black edge connectors, PCI is current expansion used on newer systems and is recognized through the use of white edge connectors, AGP is only used for high speed video cards and is recognized by a single dark brown connector, PCMCIA is an expansion bus used for notebooks/laptop computers and USB is an external expansion bus instead of internal like the others it also utilizes a serial instead of parallel communication path. With an update of USB to version 2 (480 Mbps) USB becomes the interface of choice for interfacing peripherals to a computer. 12. The internal expansion buses in this system are mounted on a riser card to utilize the space inside the case more efficiently. Record in your Lab Results sheet the kind(s) of expansion buses utilized on this system and the number of slots available. G. FLOPPY DISK DRIVE 13. The Floppy disk drive is used mainly for removable permanent storage. This device has changed very little over the last 15 years and thereby has become obsolete due to its limited storage capacity and speed. 14. The floppy drive is still useful to a computer technician who requires a means to boot and test a malfunctioning system. For the floppy drive mounted in this system record the manufacturer, model EE 368 L#2 Pg# 4
number, form factor of the device, data cable size and a sketch of the power supply connector on the Lab Results sheet. H. HARD DISK DRIVE 15. The Hard disk drive is used as a high speed fixed permanent storage device used by the operating system, applications and users to store programs and data that is not currently being used by the computer. Hard drives have evolved along with computers and have come a long way since the first IBM PC was introduced (5MB/500ms to 200GB/8ms) showing a remarkable development for a mechanically based device. 16. Most Hard disk drives have a label containing a significant amount for information about the device. Locate the following information and record it in the designated table on the Lab Results sheet; Manufacturer, Model, Translated mode parameters (Cylinders, Heads, Sectors), Jumpers set to (Master/Slave) and Form factor. 17. Make sure the device select jumper is set to Master and that you can identify Pin #1 of interface connector for the upcoming installation procedure. Technology Visit the manufacturers web site and determine the RPM, Access Time, Interface transfer speed and Cache size. I. CDROM DRIVE 18. The CDROM drive provides the computer medium with capacity (680MB) medium speed (5- 10 MB/s), nonvolatile removable storage medium. The CDROM medium is used to distribute and install applications for which the floppy drive is way to small and slow. The CDROM is also used by programs such as games to access fixed reference information such as audio, video and images, and business applications that utilize fixed data sources such as address, phone, financial, or topographical data. CDROMs are available in recordable and rewritable (reusable) format but do not provide the same ease of reading and writing as floppy and hard drive devices. 19. For the CDROM drive determine the following specification information for inclusion in the Lab Results Sheets; Manufacturer, Model, Jumper configuration (Master/Slave) and Form factor. 20. Make sure the device select jumper is set to Master and that you can identify Pin #1 of interface connector for the upcoming installation procedure. Technology Visit the LG Electronics web site and determine the Speed, Access time and buffer size of the CDROM drive. PART #4 COMPUTER ASSEMBLY 1. Before starting the assemble process remember to touch a ground point before handling static sensitive electronic components. 2. When assembling anything one of the most important things is to connect the hardest to reach devices first and work your way out from there. When arranging the ribbon cables always keep in mind the path of airflow through the case and power supply so that it is not blocked by the bulking ribbon cables. EE 368 L#2 Pg# 5
Computer assembly takes a little bit of practice but it has become a lot simpler with the advent of screwless cases. A. MEMORY MODULE (Static Warning) 3. Determine which of the memory sockets on the motherboard used first by examining the board or viewing the motherboard documentation. Determine which way the memory module needs to be inserted in order to fit into the keyed socket. 4. Gently rock the memory module from end to end until the catches are in place to hold the module in the socket. B. CDROM INSTALLATION 5. Slide the CDROM drive into the bottom 5 " drive bay and press it until it snaps into place. C. HARD DISK DRIVE and CDROM RIBBON CABLE CONNECTORS 6. The ribbon cable used for the hard drive and CDROM is a called an IDE cable. This cable uses a 40 pin connector and cable although newer cables have an 80 wire cable to reduce adjacent noise and allow higher transfer rates. IDE cables have three connectors these are not equally spaced the two closest together are for the drives the other end connects to the controller (motherboard). The middle connector is used to connect the Slave device and the end connector is used for the Master device. Most IDE cables use a keyed connector on which pin #1 coincides with the colored stripe on the ribbon cable. 7. Connect end of the IDE cable to the CDROM drive making sure that pin #1 of the cable corresponds to pin #1 of the CDROM connector. Fold the other end of the cable over the floppy drive and the front of the computer this end will be connected once the power cables are connected.
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D. DRIVE POWER CONNECTORS 1 hard drive 2 internal speaker 6 heat sink and blower assembly 7 power supply
3 chassis intrusion switch 8 floppy drive 4 system board 5 padlock ring Cable Colors Device Hard drive Floppy drive CD/DVD drive Color Blue pull tab Black pull tab Orange pull tab 9 CD/DVD drive
Serial ATA drive Blue cable
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E. MOTHERBOARD POWER CONNECTORS 9. When inserting the two motherboard power connectors make sure they are properly aligned and gently pressed into place otherwise the connector terminals can easily be bent rendering the motherboard unusable. The connectors are keyed and should insert only in one direction.
F. HARD DISK DRIVE and CDROM RIBBON CABLE CONNECTORS continued 10. Locate the Primary IDE (IDE1) connector on the motherboard and determine which corner is pin #1. Mark the Primary IDE and the location of pin #1 on the motherboard in the Lab Results sheet. Connect the shorter of the two IDE ribbon cables to the motherboard's Primary IDE connector making sure that pin#1 of the cable coincides with pin #1 of the connector. Connect the remaining end of the IDE cable to the hard disk drive and fold the middle connector into the empty drive bay in order to simplify the addition of a second hard drive. 11. Locate the Secondary IDE (IDE1) connector on the motherboard and determine which corner is pin #1. Mark the Secondary IDE and the location of pin #1 on the motherboard in the Lab Results sheet. Connect the ribbon cable coming from the CDROM which was installed earlier and connect it to the Secondary IDE connector on the motherboard. G. FLOPPY DISK DRIVE RIBBON CABLE CONNECTOR 12. The Floppy drive cable has 34 pins and is marked by a twist in the ribbon cable at one end of the cable, this ensures that the floppy drive is detected as A: drive instead of B:. 13. Locate the floppy drive connector on the motherboard, identify pin #1 and mark this information on the motherboard picture in the Lab Results sheet. Connect the other end to the floppy drive making sure that pin #1 on the floppy drive and cable are properly aligned.
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H. CPU (Static Warning) Microprocessor Microprocessor type Intel Pentium 4 and Celeron; design provides for future Dellsupported upgrades. A slower compatibility speed can be set through system setup. 8 KB 128-KB, 256-KB, 512-KB, or 1MB (depending on your computer configuration) pipelined-burst, eight-way set associative, writeback SRAM
Level 1 (L1) data cache Level 2 (L2) cache
14. Have your instructor check your system and sign the results sheet when your system is fully assembled. PART #5 SYSTEM TESTING 1. Connect the power, video, keyboard, and mouse and power up the system. Have your instructor check your system and sign the results sheet when your system is in working order.
Additional exercises: Insert NIC CMOS setup
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LAB REPORT SHEET Name: __________________________________________ PART #1 Inventory Checklist System Chassis - Model: ______________________ External Drive Bays: 5 " ____ 3 " _____
LAB #6 EE368 PERSONAL COMPUTER Class: _________________ Type: __________________________
Internal Drive Bays: 5 " ____ 3 " _____
Power Supply - Maximum Power Output rating: _____________ Output voltages: ___________________ Motherboard - Chipset: ________________ System Clock (FSB) ________
I/O Controller chip: _______________________ NIC Controller chip: __________________________ Audio chip Model: ______________________ Chip set: ______________ Video chip - Video Type _________________________________________Video memory: _________ CPU Model: _______ Speed: _________ L2 Cache size: ___________ Connector type: ____________ RAM - Type: ________ Size: ________ Speed: __________ Form Factor: ___________
Expansion Slots- Type 1: ________ Number: ____ Bus Speed: __________ Type 2: ________ Number: ______ Bus Speed: __________ Floppy- Size: _______ Form Factor: ________ Hard Disk Drive- Manufacturer: _____________ Size: _________ RPM: ________ Form Factor: ______ CDROM Drive Manufacturer: ___________ Size: _______ PART #2 Label System Unit parts Speed: ________
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PART #3 A. CHASSIS Chassis MODEL: ___________________
TYPE: _______________________
B. POWER SUPPLIES MODEL #: _________________ FORM FACTOR: _________________ POWER OUTPUT: __________ Wire Color Red White Black Voltage Current Wire Color Yellow Blue Orange Voltage Current
C. MOTHERBOARDS Label the important parts of the motherboard on the diagram below.
D. CPU Specifications Manufacturer Level 2 Cache size
Model External Bus Freq.
Socket or Slot type Core Voltage
Internal Clock Freq. Intel sSpec number
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E. RAM Specifications Product ID. On Sticker
RAM Module Type
RAM Module Speed
RAM Module Size
F. Expansion Slots External Expansion Slots: Type: _________________________ Number: _________ G. Floppy Disk Drive Floppy drive- Manufacturer: _______________ Model: __________ Form Factor: ________ Data Cable Size: _______ Power Supply Connector: (diagram) H. - Hard Disk Drive Hard drive Manufacturer: _______________ Model: ___________ Form Factor: ________ Data Cable Size: _______ Cylinders: ________ Heads: _______ Sectors: _______ Mode(M/S) _______ I. CDROM drive CDROM drive Manufacturer: ______________ Model: ____________ Form Factor: __________ Data Cable Size: _______ Mode(M/S) _______ Part #4 Computer Assembly Instructor system assembly inspection check: ____________ Time: _______
Part #5 System Testing Instructor system operational inspection check: ____________ Time: _______ Technology Three other factors to consider when purchasing a case: ______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Depending on the type of case and motherboard selected, the power supply must adhere to the same ___________ ___________ requirements in order to fit inside the case and correctly power the motherboard and other devices. 3D Video Accelerator I.C. - _________________________________________ Network Controller I.C. - __________________________________________ Sound Controller I.C. - ____________________________________________ Super I/O Controller I.C. - _____________________________________________ CPU Power dissipation: __________________ W. Hard Drive- RPM: ________ Access Time: _________ Interface Speed: __________ CDROM- Speed: _______ Access Time: ________ Buffer Size: __________ EE 368 L#2 Pg# 11 Cache size: _______
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