OF MODES DISCOURSE
Expository to teach, to
inform, to explain
Narrative to tell a story
Persuasive to convince the
reader to adopt the writers
point of view
Descriptive shows what
something or someone looks
like or feels like. Relies on
sensory details (5 senses)
METHODS OF
DEVELOPMENT
Facts and Statistics a fact
is a piece of objective
information. It is verifiable.
Statistics are data in the form
of numbers.
Examples & Illustrations
an example supports the main
idea by pointing out a typical
or concrete instance. An
illustration is a longer,
extended example.
Process steps in
chronological order
Directive steps to perform a
task
Informative describes the
phenomenon (how something
works how it developed, etc.)
Comparison & Contrast
comparison shows similarities
and contrast shows
differences.
Cause & Effect to finding
reasons explain problems
or issues and the
consequences that result.
Classification divide into
groups and explain each
group.
PATTERNS OF
ORGANIZATION
Definition the meaning of a
term
Analogy imaginative
comparison between 2 unlike
topics - an extended
metaphor.
Chronological the order in
which events happen. This is
used to tell a story, to relate to
an incident, to recount an
historical event, or to describe
the steps in a process
Spatial the arrangement of
objects in an environment. It
is used in descriptive writing.
It allows the reader to
visualize the scene
Deductive the paragraph
begins with the main idea and
then reinforced by specific
supporting sentences. (general
to specific)
Inductive a series
specific
observations
supporting statements lead
a main idea (the opposite
deductive)
of
or
to
of