Section BMS110 A/D/Z
Fall 2011
BMS110 Chapter 3 Study Guide
1.
What are the major organelles of the cell?
a. Cytoskeleton
b. Mitochondrion
c. Plasma membrane
d. Nucleus
i. Nuclear envelope
ii. Nucleolus
iii. DNA in nucleoplasm
e. Rough ER
f. Smooth ER
g. Golgi body
h. lysosome
2.
What are the organelles used for protein synthesis?
a. Ribosomes
3.
What occurs in the nucleus?
a. Site where some proteins and RNA (rRNA) combine to make parts of
ribosomes
b. DNA is kept
4.
What are ribosomes and what do they do?
a. Organelle where protein synthesis takes place
5.
What are the endomembrane system components?
a. ER
b. Ribosomes
6.
Explain the purpose of the rough vs. smooth ER, Golgi, lysosomes, and vesicles.
a. Rough ERb. Smooth ERc. Golgi Bodies- place where polypeptide chains and lipids are processed
into their final forms (shipped off)
d. Vesicles- the shipper of lipids and polypeptide chains from the golgi body
(transporters) some contain digestive enzymes (Lysosome and
peroxisomes)
e. Lysosome- a vesicle that chemically breaks down and digests unwanted
molecules
7.
What are two structures used for movement? How are they different?
a. Flagella-long whip like structures (sperm)
b. Cilia-short hairs on outside
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BMS110 Section A/D/Z
Fall 2011
8.
What is an enzymes function and what are its components?
a. Enzymes are proteins speed that up chemical reactions
b. Can be used over and over again
c.
9.
What is the mitochondrial structure and function?
a. Structure: outer and inner membrane (folds and forms two separate
compartments in the organelle)
b. Function: produce ATP
10.
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
11.
Explain the composition of the plasma membrane and selective permeability?
12.
What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?
a. Osmosis is the diffusion of water
13.
What is the difference between active and facilitated transport?
a. Facilitated doesnt require ATP while active does
14.
What is the difference between Endocytosis and Exocytosis?
a. Endocytosis brings large substances in
b. Exocytosis ejects large substances out
15.
What is Tonicity and the different types? Know what happens to water and what
the solute concentration gradient is for each?
a. Tonicity-the concentration of solutes in a solution
i. Isotonic-same inside and out
ii. Hypertonic-more solutes
iii. Hypotonic-fewer solutes
b.
16.
What are the steps of cellular respiration?
a.
17.
What parts of respiration require oxygen and which do not.
18.
What is produced at each step of respiration (ATP, NADH, FADH2, etc)?
19.
How much ATP is produced by respiration of one glucose molecule?
20.
What is fermentation and how is it used to produce energy?
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