I
(CHAPTER EUROPE 1: 41-58)
MAJOR GEOGRAPHIC QUALITIES
1* WESTERN EXTREMITY OF EURASIA
2* LINGERING WORLD INFLUENCE
3* HIGH DEGREES OF SPECIALIZATION
4* MANUFACTURING DOMINANCE
5* NUMEROUS NATION-STATES
6* URBANIZED POPULATION
7* HIGH STANDARDS OF LIVING
SUBDIVISIONS OF THE REALM (MAP)
1* WESTERN EUROPE
2* EASTERN EUROPE
3* BRITISH ISLES
4* NORTHERN EUROPE
5* MEDITERRANEANEUROPE
PHYSICAL LANDSCAPES (MAP)
ALPINE SYSTEM
WESTERN UPLANDS
CENTRAL UPLANDS
NORTH EUROPEAN LOWLAND
RELATIVE LOCATION
8* AT THE HEART OF THE LAND HEMISPHERE
9* MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY FOR CONTACT WITH THE REST OF THE WORLD
10* EVERY PART OF EUROPE IS CLOSE TO THE SEA.
11* NAVIGABLE WATERWAYS
12* MODERATEDISTANCES
AGRARIAN REVOLUTION
6* BEGAN IN EUROPE IN 1750s
7* BASED ON NEW AGRICULTURAL INNOVATIONS
8* ENABLED INCREASED FOOD PRODUCTION
9* ENABLED SUSTAINED POPULATION INCREASE
VON THUNENS ISOLATED STATE
10* A CLASSIC MODEL IN GEOGRAPHY
11* FASHIONED IN 1826 TO EXPLAIN THE ECONOMIC PATTERNS DEVELOPING
IN EUROPE
12* BASED ON 4 CONCENTRIC LAND USE RINGS SURROUNDING A MARKET
PLACE
13* LAND USE WAS A FUNCTION OF TRANSPORTATION COSTS.
14* THE ISOLATED STATE BECAME THE FOUNDATION FOR MODERN
LOCATION THEORY.
VON THUNENS ISOLATED STATE (MAP & MODEL)
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
15* DEVELOPED IN THE UK BETWEEN 1750-1850
16* EVOLVED FROM TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS WHICH OCCURRED IN BRITISH
INDUSTRY
17* PROVED TO BE A MAJOR CATALYST TOWARDS INCREASED
URBANIZATION
18* PRODUCED A DISTINCT SPATIAL PATTERN IN EUROPE
INDUSTRIAL LOCATION THEORY
19* ALFRED WEBER PUBLISHED HIS WORK IN 1909.
20* EXAMINED THE INFLUENCES THAT AFFECT INDUSTRIAL LOCATION
21* FOCUSED ON ACTIVITIES THAT OCCUR AT SPECIFIC POINTS
22* IDENTIFIED AGGLOMERATIVE AND DEGLOMERATIVE FORCES
AREAL FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION
13* PARTICULAR PEOPLES AND PARTICULAR CONCENTRATING PLACES ON
THE PRODUCTION OF PARTICULAR GOODS
SPATIAL INTERACTION
14* MOVEMENT ACROSS GEOGRAPHIC SPACE
15* INVOLVES CONTACT OF PEOPLE IN TWO OR MORE PLACES FOR THE
PURPOSES OF EXCHANGING GOODS OR IDEAS
16* PRINCIPLES
1*
COMPLEMENTARITY
2*
TRANSFERABILITY
3*
INTERVENING OPPORTUNITY
COMPLEMENTARITY
17* TWO PLACES, THROUGH AN EXCHANGE OF GOODS, CAN SPECIFICALLY
SATISFY EACH OTHERS DEMANDS.
18* ONE AREA HAS A SURPLUS OF AN ITEM DEMANDED BY A SECOND AREA .
TRANSFERABILITY
1* THE EASE WITH WHICH A COMMODITY MAY BE TRANSPORTED OR THE
CAPACITY TO MOVE A GOOD AT A BEARABLE COST
2* RIVERS, MOUNTAIN PASSES, ROAD NETWORKS
3* ADVANCES IN TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY
INTERVENING OPPORTUNITY
19* THE PRESENCE OF A NEARER SOURCE OF SUPPLY OR OPPORTUNITY
THAT ACTS TO DIMINISH THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF MORE DISTANT
SOURCES AND SITES
URBAN TRADITION
20* URBANIZATION
21* RELATED CONCEPTS
4*
PRIMATE CITY
5*
METROPOLIS
6*
CBD
CITIES
23* THE TERM IS A POLITICAL DESIGNATION.
24* REFERS TO A MUNICIPAL ENTITY THAT IS GOVERNED BY SOME KIND OF
ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION
25* THE LARGEST CITIES (ESPECIALLY CAPITALS) ARE:
7* THE FOCI OF THE STATE
8* COMPLETE MICROCOSMS OF THEIR NATIONAL CULTURES
PRIMATE CITY
26* A COUNTRYS LARGEST CITY
27* JEFFERSONS CRITERIA:
1*
ALWAYS DISPROPORTIONATELY LARGER THAN THE SECOND
LARGEST URBAN CENTER - MORE THAN TWICE THE SIZE
2*
3*
EXPRESSIVE OF THE NATIONAL CULTURE
USUALLY (BUT NOT ALWAYS) THE CAPITAL
EXAMPLES: PARIS, LONDON, ATHENS
METROPOLITAN COMPLEXES (MODEL)
EUROPEAN VERSUS AMERICAN CITIES
SIMILARITIES
DIFFERENCES
EUROPES CHANGING POPULATION
FALLING SHARE OF THE WORLDS POPULATION
FERTILITY
FEWER YOUNG PEOPLE
SMALLER WORKING AGE POPULATION
BOOM AND BUST AGE-DEPENDENT
IMMIGRATION PARTIALLY OFFSETTING LOSSES