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Purdue - LING - 315
Linguistics Section 2 Chapter 3,4,6Chapter 3I. Stop Consonants [p,b,t,d, , ,c, , k, g, ]1. aspiration- [ ]-a period of voicelessness after the stop articulation andbefore the start of the voicing for the vowel2. Nasal plosion- []-when a voiced stop a
Purdue - LING - 315
Linguistics Section 2- Chapter 3I. Stop Consonants [p,b,t,d, , ,c, , k, g, ]1. aspiration- [ ]-a period of voicelessness after the stop articulation andbefore the start of the voicing for the vowel2. Nasal plosion- []-when a voiced stop and nasal occu
Purdue - LING - 315
English VowelsChapter 4I. Transcription and Phonetic Dictionaries1. The vowels of English can be transcribed in many different ways, partlybecause of accents of English differ greatly in the vowels they use, and partlybecause there is no one right wa
Purdue - LING - 315
Chapter 6Chapter 6: Airstream Mechanisms and Phonation TypesI. Airstream Mechanisms1. pulmonic airstream mechanisms- air coming out of the lungs2. egressive- outward moving,3. stops that use only an egressive pulmonic airstream are called plosives4.
Purdue - POL - 130
A.MWF 9:30-10:20Notes From the BookNotesfromlectureInternational Relations TheoriesI. What is World Politics and Why Do We Study It? (xxiv-xxi)a. Tries to understand how people and countries get alongexplains everything from warfare to peaceb. The
Purdue - SOC - 340
MWF 3:30-4:20Notes from the BookChapter 1: Introduction to Social PsychologyObjectives: What exactly is social psychology? What are the core concerns of the field of socialpsychology? What are the broad theoretical perspectives that prevail in socia
Purdue - ENGLISH - 266
TomlinsonPriest:Our city-Look around you, see with your own eyesOur ship pitches wildly, cannot lift her headFrom the depths, the red waves of deathThebes is dying. A blight on the fresh cropsAnd the rich pasture, cattle sicken and die,And the wome
Purdue - SPANISH - 202
ENDANGERED SPECIESLOS ANIMALES ENEXTINCIONCLIMATEEL CLIMAFUELEL COMBUSTIBLECONSUMPTIONEL CONSUMOCONTAMINANTEL CONTAMINANTEHARMEL DANODEFORESTATIONLA DEFORESTACIONWASTEEL DESPERDICIOECOSYSTEMEL ECOSISTEMAGREENHOUSE EFFECTEL EFECTO INVER
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Perception, Cognition & Movement Sensory Perception seeing, hearing, feeling Cognition thinking, emotion, learning, language,memory . Movement walking, standing, head and eye movements,reachingBehavior Can we split behavior into parts? Are the
NYU - NATSCI - 306
OutlineLocalizationCell and Neuron doctrineElectrical ActivityChemicals in the BrainCell Doctrine Schwann ( 1810-1882) The cell is thefundamental unit oforganization of thebodyNissl stained tissueLayer 4B Star Pyramidal CellCell Doctrine Schwa
NYU - NATSCI - 306
SummaryGross organization of the brainTypes of cells - neurons and gliaClassification of neuronsOrganization of neuronsCell organellesSynapsesFigure 2.12 Mid SagittalFigure 2.12 Three Views of theHuman Brain (Part 2)Figure 2.13 Inside the Brain
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Electrical Properties of Cells Resting State Local Potentials Action potential - MS, toxins A. Properties B. Mechanisms - molecularQuadriceps MuscleStimulusPatellar TendonMuscle SpindleTrigger zone0 mv-70 mvSynapsePostsynapticpotentialSpin
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Summary Structure of synapses Chemical synapses - information flow Types of transmitter/receptorStructureExcitatory - round vesicles - EPSPInhibitory - flats vesicles - IPSPEn PassantNeurosecretary/neuroendocrineElectrical - gap junctionsStructu
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Summary Structure of synapses Chemical synapses - information flow Types of transmitter/receptorFigure 3.14 Loewis Chemical MessengerFigure 3.13 A Nicotinic Acetylcholine ReceptorFigure 3.15 Two Types of Chemical SynapsesFigure 3.15 Two Types ofCh
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Evolution and development What can an evolutionary perspective tell usabout the brain and behavior? Why do different animals differ so much intheir capacity to sense, remember and recallthe world around them? How did we get our ability to think and
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Summary Early development of cells of the brain Cerebellum in early development Whisker barrels - anatomical dependence onsensory input Binocular vision - functional properties ofbinocular cells in visual cortexFigure 7.1 Development of the Nervous
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Systems and Pathways What do we know about systems? Can we think of behavior asbelonging to a single system?Systems and Pathways What do we know about systems? Can we think of behavior as belonging to asingle system? Sensory systems Motor system
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Seeing Localization Detection/discriminationintensity, brightnesssize, orientationcolormotiondepth Vision proceeds by transfer of electricalsignals from the rods and cones to othercells in the retina. The transfer of information proceeds inpar
NYU - NATSCI - 306
What are the basic features ofsounds?Where are sounds represented in thebrain?How are sounds represented in thefiring of neurons?Auditory system Perception sound XXX, sound XXX, sound XXX complex sounds, communication and languageAuditory system
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Somatosensory system Perception light touch: pressure, flutter, vibration pain, temperature Transduction light touch pain (damage from capsaicin in hot peppers) Central processingSomatosensory System Light touch Temperature hot and cold Pain
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Human Motor Cortical AreasMotor systems Behavior reflexes, standing and posture, locomotion,manipulation and grasping, flying (if you are aninsect or bird) Local processing spinal reflexes Central processing central commandsActs Locomotion Wal
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Motor Systems IISpinal Reflex Stretch muscle spindles, dorsal root ganglion Spinal integration excitatory monosynaptic connections disynaptic connections, excitatory & inhibitory Muscle contraction alpha motoneurons, fast and slow musclefibersMo
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Sexual behavior Four stages of reproductive behavior pp 352-356 Hormones & Pheromones pp 358-359 Neural circuits regulating reproductive behavior pp356-368 Human Sexual Behavior pp 359-363 Sexual Orientation pp 379-381Sexual Behavior Four stages o
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Eating pp 396 - 410 Body Temperature pp 384 - 390 Drinking pp 396-400Chemical Communication SystemsNeuroendocrine Cells Blend Neuronal andEndocrine MechanismsTwo Main Mechanisms of Hormone ActionProteins and peptides: Made up of amino acids.Th
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Rhythms - periods Minutes - hoursultradian daycircadian days - monthinfradian seasonalcircannualRhythms - periods Minutes - hoursultradian feeding, activity daycircadian sleep/wake days - monthinfradian menstrual cycle, seasonal disorder
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Learning and MemoryMemory patientsAbility to learn and enrichmentWhat is really stored?Brain regions involved in memoryHow are long term memories consolidated?Maintenance of memoryLearning and Memory lesion patientsH.M.Kandel, Principles of Neura
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Learning and Memory Behavior Are there different types of learning? Are there different memory types? Brain What brain regions and pathways involved inlearning? What are the synaptic and molecularmechanisms of learning and memory?Learning and Mem
NYU - NATSCI - 306
LanguageandCognitionLanguageandCognitionLearningandMemoryOtherbrainfunctionsVisualobjectrecognitionAttentionPlanning&selectingactionsLanguageConsciousnessLanguageandCognition:OldandNewPhrenologyLanguageandCognitionStrooptaskLanguageandCognitio
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Emotion and Motivation Emotion What is emotion? How does it interact with cognition? Are there specific brain regions and pathways associatedwith emotion or emotional states? Is there a single emotional pathway or are there differentpathways for di
NYU - NATSCI - 306
The CorticalAttentional ControlNetworkCortical Speech and Language Areasin HumansAttenrion and Cognition: Outline Frontal lobes Hemispheric specialization AttentionAttention and Cognition: Frontal LobesPhineas Gage Survived massive lesion of pr
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Brain Dysfunctions Addiction Alzheimers disease A.D.H.D attention deficithyperactivity disorder Autism Bipolar disorder Cerebral Palsy Depression Dyslexia Eating disorders Epilepsy Huntingtons disease Korsakoffs psychosis Lou Gehrigs disease
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Brain Dysfunctions Addiction Alzheimers disease A.D.H.D attention deficithyperactivity disorder Autism Bipolar disorder Cerebral Palsy Dementia Dyslexia Eating disorders Epilepsy Huntingtons disease Korsakoffs psychosisLou Gehrigs diseasela
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Brain Dysfunctions Addiction Alzheimers disease A.D.H.D attention deficithyperactivity disorder Autism Bipolar disorder Cerebral Palsy Dementia Dyslexia Eating disorders Epilepsy Huntingtons disease Korsakoffs psychosisLou Gehrigs diseasela
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Brain and BehaviorMidterm Study GuideSpring 2011The format of the exam will consist of 9 True/False, 26 Multiple Choice, 2 or 3 fill-in-the-blanks and a 3short answer questions out of a choice of 8. Note: All short answer questions will require you to
NYU - NATSCI - 306
Final (25%) - will cover material that was NOT in the midtermTrue/False (15) 15 pointsMultiple Choice (25) 50 pointsMatching (5) 5 pointsShort Answer (8, but choose 3 to answer) 30 pointsMidterm (25%)Labs (35%) there are 10 labsClass Reports (15%)
NYU - STATS - 18
StatisticsV31.0018.006Chapter 1Describing Data: GraphicalCh. 1-11.1Dealing with UncertaintyEveryday decisions are based on incompleteinformationConsider:nnnWill the job market be strong when I graduate?Will the price of Yahoo stock be higher
NYU - STATS - 18
Chapter 2Describing Data: NumericalCh. 2-1Describing Data NumericallyDescribing Data NumericallyCentral TendencyVariationArithmetic MeanRangeMedianInterquartile RangeModeVarianceStandard DeviationCoefficient of VariationCh. 2-22.1Measures
NYU - STATS - 18
Chapter 3ProbabilityCh. 3-13.1nnnnImportant TermsRandom Experiment a process leading to anuncertain outcomeBasic Outcome a possible outcome of arandom experimentSample Space the collection of all possibleoutcomes of a random experimentEvent
NYU - STATS - 18
Chapter 4Discrete Random Variables andProbability DistributionsCh. 4-1Introduction toProbability Distributions4.1nRandom Variablen Represents a possible numerical value froma random experimentRandomVariablesCh. 4DiscreteRandom VariableCont
NYU - STATS - 18
Chapter 5Continuous Random Variables andProbability DistributionsCh. 5-15.1Continuous Probability DistributionsnA continuous random variable is a variable thatcan take on any value in an intervalnnnnnheight of a personweight of a parceltim
NYU - STATS - 18
Chapter 6Sampling andSampling DistributionsCh. 6-1Tools of Business Statistics6.1nDescriptive statisticsnnCollecting, presenting, and describing dataInferential statisticsnDrawing conclusions and/or making decisionsconcerning a population ba
NYU - STATS - 18
Chapter 7Estimation: Single PopulationCh. 7-1Definitions7.1nAn estimator of a population parameter isnnna random variable that depends on sampleinformation . . .whose value provides an approximation to thisunknown parameterA specific value o
NYU - STATS - 18
Chapter 9Hypothesis TestiningCh. 9-1What is a Hypothesis?9.1nA hypothesis is a claim(assumption) about apopulation parameter:nnpopulation meanExample: The mean monthly cell phone bill of this city is = $42population proportionExample: The p
NYU - STATS - 18
Chapter 11Simple RegressionCh. 11-1Purpose of Regression AnalysisnThe purpose of regression analysis is to:nnPredict the value of a dependent variable based onthe value of at least one independent variableExplain the impact of changes in an inde
NYU - STATS - 18
Chapter 12Multiple RegressionCh. 12-112.1The Multiple Regression ModelIdea: Examine the linear relationship betweenone dependent (Y) & 2 or more independent variables (Xi)Multiple Regression Model with k Independent Variables:Y-interceptPopulatio
NYU - STATS - 18
Chapter 13Additional Topics inRegression AnalysisCh. 13-1Dummy Variable Models(More than 2 Levels)nnConsider a categorical variable with K levelsThe number of dummy variables needed is oneless than the number of levels, K 1nExample:y = house
NYU - STATS - 18
Point Estimation. Methods for Constructing PointEstimators1Random Samples and Distribution FunctionsDenition 1 A population is a group of objects (e.g., individuals, households,rms, cities, states, countries etc.) whose numerical feature, X; is descr
NYU - STATS - 18
Simple Regression ModelSpecication and AssumptionsSuppose we have a population of objects characterized by two random variables- (y; x): We want to investigate the relationship between y and x. In otherwords, we would like to "explain y in terms of x"
NYU - STATS - 18
Multiple Regression ModelMotivation and InterpretationMotivation. Economists often need to estimate and test hypotheses aboutthe joint eect of several variables on the dependent variable. For instance,economists may be interested in testing the consta
NYU - STATS - 18
Alternative Estimators under HeteroscedasticityGLS EstimatorAs we already seen the OLS is ine cient under heteroscedasticity. Then,vewhat is the e cient estimator? It turns out that the most e cient estimator isthe generalized least squares estimator
NYU - STATS - 18
Extensions of Multivariate Regression ModelDummy VariablesMany regressions may contain qualitative explanatory variables, also calleddummy or categorical variables since they indicate dierent categories (e.g.,ethnical groups, regions in the US, partie
St. Leo - COM - 315
CHAPTER 12INVENTORY CONTROL MODELSSOLUTIONS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS12-1. Inventory is an important consideration for managers because as much as 50% of the total assets ofa company can be tied up in inventory. Because of this large investment in inven
St. Leo - COM - 315
CHAPTER 4LINEAR PROGRAMMING SENSITIVITY ANALYSISSOLUTIONS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS4-1. In most real world situations that are modeled using LP, conditions are dynamic and changing.Hence, input data such as resource availabilities, prices, and costs use
St. Leo - COM - 315
CHAPTER 5TRANSPORTATION, ASSIGNMENT, AND NETWORKMODELSSOLUTIONS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS5-1. The transportation model is an example of decision making under certainty since the costs of eachshipping route, the demand at each destination, and the suppl
St. Leo - COM - 315
CHAPTER 6INTEGER, GOAL, AND NONLINEAR PROGRAMMINGMODELSSOLUTIONS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS6-1.(a) LP allows only one goal (for example, profit maximization) whereas GP permits multiple goals.(b) LP always optimizes; GP sometimes only satisfices.(c) I
St. Leo - COM - 315
CHAPTER 7PROJECT MANAGEMENTSOLUTIONS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS7-1. PERT and CPM can answer a number of questions about a project or the activities within a project.These techniques can determine the earliest start, earliest finish, latest start, and the
St. Leo - COM - 315
CHAPTER 8DECISION ANALYSISSOLUTIONS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS8-1. The purpose of this question is to make students use a personal experience to distinguish betweengood and bad decisions. A good decision is based on logic and all of the available informa
St. Leo - COM - 315
CHAPTER 9QUEUEING MODELSSOLUTIONS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS9-1. The queuing problem concerns the question of finding the ideal level of service that an organizationshould provide. The three components of a queuing system are arrivals, waiting line, and
St. Leo - COM - 315
CHAPTER 10SIMULATION MODELINGSOLUTIONS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS10-1. Advantages of simulation: (1) relatively straightforward; (2) can solve large, complex problems; (3)allows what if questions; (4) does not interfere with real-world systems; (5) allow
St. Leo - COM - 315
CHAPTER 11FORECASTING MODELSSOLUTIONS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS11-1. The steps that are used to develop any forecasting system are:1. Determine the use of the forecast.2. Select the items or quantities that are to be forecasted.3. Determine the time h
St. Leo - COM - 340
Introduction to Computers and the InternetThe renaissance of interest in the web that we call Web 2.0 has reached the mainstream.Tim OReilly1Billions of queries stream across the servers of these Internet servicesthe aggregate thoughtstream of humanki