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Chapter 3: The Nature and Nurture of Behavior - Exam 1
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1.
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1
2.
MC
(1) 1-3. Who most clearly affirmed that the mind continues to exist after physical
death?
row
Points: 1
Socrates CORRECT ANSWER
Aristotle
Darwin
Wundt
Edit
3.
MC
Delete
(2) 1-3. Plato affirmed the importance of:
row
Points: 1
replication.
empiricism.
innate ideas.
CORRECT ANSWER
random assignment.
Edit
4.
MC
Delete
(3) 1-3. Who suggested that animal spirits flow through the nerves so as to
row
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produce movements of the body?
Points: 1
Plato
Aristotle
John Locke
Ren Descartes CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
5.
MC
Delete
(4) 1-3. Who suggested that the mind at birth is a blank slate upon which
experience writes?
row
Points: 1
Charles Darwin
Ren Descartes
John Locke
CORRECT ANSWER
Plato
Edit
6.
MC
Delete
(5) 1-3. The view that knowledge comes from experience and that science should
rely on observation is called:
row
Points: 1
functionalism.
empiricism. CORRECT ANSWER
rationalism.
structuralism.
Edit
7.
MC
Delete
(6) 1-3. Who used the method of introspection to scientifically identify basic
elements of the mind?
row
Points: 1
Aristotle
John Locke
Edward Titchener CORRECT ANSWER
John Watson
Edit
8.
MC
Delete
(7) 1-3. The self-reflective observation of one's own sensations and feeling is
called:
row
Points: 1
clinical psychology.
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introspection.
CORRECT ANSWER
spaced practice.
naturalistic observation.
Edit
9.
MC
Delete
(8) 1-3. The unreliability of introspection contributed to the waning popularity of:
row
Points: 1
structuralism. CORRECT ANSWER
replication.
empiricism.
behaviorism.
Edit
10.
MC
Delete
row
(9) 1-3. William James was a prominent American:
Points: 1
psychoanalyst.
behaviorist.
functionalist. CORRECT ANSWER
structuralist.
Edit
11.
MC
Delete
(10) 1-3. The personality theorist, Sigmund Freud, was an Austrian:
row
Points: 1
chemist.
physician. CORRECT ANSWER
theologian.
politician.
Edit
12.
MC
Delete
(11) 1-3. Contemporary psychology is best defined as the science of:
row
Points: 1
conscious and unconscious mental activity.
observable responses to the environment.
behavior and mental processes.
CORRECT ANSWER
thoughts, feelings, and perceptions.
maladaptive and adaptive behaviors.
Edit
13.
MC
Delete
(12) 1-3. Efforts to discover whether the intelligence of children is more heavily
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influenced by their genetic dispositions or by their home environments
are most directly relevant to the debate regarding:
Points: 1
structuralism versus functionalism.
evolution versus natural selection.
observation versus introspection.
nature versus nurture.
Edit
14.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(13) 1-3. Lissette wonders whether personality differences between her AfricanAmerican and Asian-American friends result from biological or cultural
influences. In this instance, Lissette is primarily concerned with the
issue of:
row
Points: 1
neuroscience versus cognition.
nature versus nurture.
CORRECT ANSWER
behavior versus mental processes.
structuralism versus functionalism.
Edit
15.
MC
Delete
(14) 1-3. The neuroscience perspective in psychology would be most likely to
emphasize that behavior is influenced by:
row
Points: 1
environmental circumstances.
blood chemistry.
CORRECT ANSWER
unconscious conflicts.
subjective interpretations.
Edit
16.
MC
Delete
(15) 1-3. The distinctive feature of the psychodynamic perspective is its emphasis row
on:
Points: 1
natural selection.
brain chemistry.
unconscious conflicts. CORRECT ANSWER
learned behaviors.
Edit
17.
MC
Delete
(16) 1-3. Which perspective most clearly focuses on how we learn observable
responses?
row
Points: 1
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evolutionary
neuroscience
behavioral
CORRECT ANSWER
psychodynamic
behavior genetics
Edit
18.
MC
Delete
(17) 1-3. The cognitive perspective in psychology emphasizes how:
row
Points: 1
feelings are influenced by blood chemistry.
people try to understand their own
unconscious motives.
behavior is influenced by environmental
conditions.
people encode, process, store, and
retrieve information.
Edit
19.
MC
CORRECT
ANSWER
Delete
(18) 1-3. The various theoretical perspectives employed by psychologists:
row
Points: 1
have little value for applied research.
typically contradict common sense.
are generally impossible to test
scientifically.
often complement one another.
Edit
20.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(19) 1-3. Dr. Robinson conducts basic research on the relationship between brain
chemistry and intellectual functioning. Which psychological specialty
does Dr. Robinson's research best represent?
row
Points: 1
social psychology
clinical psychology
biological psychology
CORRECT ANSWER
industrial/organizational psychology
Edit
21.
MC
Delete
(20) 1-3. Dr. Santaniello conducts basic research on how children's moral
thinking changes as they grow older. It is most likely that Dr.
Santaniello is a(n) ________ psychologist.
row
Points: 1
social
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clinical
developmental
CORRECT ANSWER
industrial/organizational
Edit
22.
MC
Delete
(21) 1-3. Dr. Mills engages in basic research on why individuals conform to the
behaviors and opinions of others. Which specialty area does his
research best represent?
row
Points: 1
cognitive psychology
social psychology
CORRECT ANSWER
developmental psychology
clinical psychology
Edit
23.
MC
Delete
(22) 1-3. Which psychological specialists are most likely to be involved in applied
research?
row
Points: 1
industrial/organizational psychologists CORRECT ANSWER
developmental psychologists
personality psychologists
biological psychologists
Edit
24.
MC
Delete
(23) 1-3. Clinical psychologists are most likely to be involved in:
row
Points: 1
assessing the linkages between biology and
behavior.
the experimental study of motivation and
emotion.
providing therapy to troubled people.
CORRECT
ANSWER
the systematic study of how people are
influenced by enduring personality traits.
Edit
25.
MC
Delete
(24) 1-3. The specialist most likely to have a medical degree is a(n):
row
Points: 1
clinical psychologist.
industrial/organizational psychologist.
developmental psychologist.
psychiatrist.
CORRECT ANSWER
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Edit
26.
MC
Delete
row
(25) 1-3. The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to:
Points: 1
dismiss the value of replication.
reject any ideas that can't be scientifically
tested.
exaggerate their ability to have foreseen
the outcome of past events.
CORRECT
ANSWER
assume that correlation proves causation.
overestimate the extent to which others share
their opinions.
Edit
27.
MC
Delete
(26) 1-3. Giving half the members of a group some purported psychological
finding and the other half an opposite result is an easy way to
demonstrate the impact of:
row
Points: 1
the placebo effect.
illusory correlation.
the hindsight bias.
CORRECT ANSWER
random sampling.
the double-blind procedure.
Edit
28.
MC
Delete
(27) 1-3. Several weeks after a political election, voters often exaggerate their
ability to have predicted the election outcome. This best illustrates:
row
Points: 1
the placebo effect.
random assignment.
illusory correlation.
the hindsight bias. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
29.
MC
Delete
row
(28) 1-3. Mike Crampton's stockbroker has informed him of substantial
investment losses. When Mike tells his wife, she angrily responds, "I
could have told you that your investment plan would fail!" Her comment
best illustrates:
Points: 1
the hindsight bias. CORRECT ANSWER
illusory correlation.
the placebo effect.
replication.
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Edit
30.
MC
Delete
(29) 1-3. Government experts who are convinced of the correctness of their own
mistaken political predictions most clearly demonstrate:
row
Points: 1
illusory correlation.
replication.
overconfidence.
CORRECT ANSWER
the placebo effect.
Edit
31.
MC
Delete
(30) 1-3. Two fundamental characteristics of the scientific attitude are:
row
Points: 1
pride and enthusiasm.
ingenuity and practicality.
creativity and patience.
skepticism and humility. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
32.
MC
Delete
(31) 1-3. The scientific attitude requires an open-minded humility because it
involves a willingness to:
row
Points: 1
perceive order in random events.
reject any ideas that can't be scientifically
tested.
recognize the errors in our own theories.
CORRECT
ANSWER
respect any religious beliefs that contradict
our own.
Edit
33.
MC
Delete
(32) 1-3. A questioning attitude regarding psychologists' assumptions and hidden
values best illustrates:
row
Points: 1
the placebo effect.
critical thinking. CORRECT ANSWER
the hindsight bias.
overconfidence.
illusory correlation.
Edit
34.
MC
Delete
(33) 1-3. A hard-headed curiosity that questions truth claims and demands
evidence most clearly
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facilitates:
Points: 1
an illusion of control.
hindsight bias.
the placebo effect.
critical thinking.
CORRECT ANSWER
overconfidence.
Edit
35.
MC
Delete
row
(34) 1-3. A hypothesis is a(n):
Points: 1
observable relationship between specific
independent and dependent variables.
testable prediction that gives direction to
research.
CORRECT
ANSWER
set of principles that organizes and explains
newly discovered facts.
unprovable assumption about the unobservable
processes that underlie psychological functioning.
Edit
36.
MC
Delete
row
(35) 1-3. The case study is a research method in which:
Points: 1
a single individual is studied in great depth.
CORRECT
ANSWER
a representative sample of people are
questioned regarding their opinions or behaviors.
organisms are carefully observed in a laboratory
environment.
an investigator manipulates one or more
variables that might affect behavior.
Edit
37.
MC
Delete
(36) 1-3. In which type of research is a representative sample of people asked to
answer questions about their behaviors or opinions?
row
Points: 1
experimentation
the survey
CORRECT ANSWER
the case study
naturalistic observation
Edit
38.
MC
Delete
(37) 1-3. Which research method would be most appropriate for investigating the
relationship between the religious beliefs of Americans and their
attitudes toward abortion?
row
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Points: 1
the survey
CORRECT ANSWER
naturalistic observation
the case study
experimentation
Edit
39.
MC
Delete
(38) 1-3. Surveys indicate that people are much less likely to support "welfare"
than "aid to the needy." These somewhat paradoxical survey results
best illustrate the importance of:
row
Points: 1
random sampling.
wording effects.
CORRECT ANSWER
hindsight bias.
the placebo effect.
naturalistic observation.
Edit
40.
MC
Delete
(39) 1-3. People often fail to make accurate generalizations because they are
unduly influenced by ________ cases.
row
Points: 1
randomly selected
vivid
CORRECT ANSWER
representative
the most frequently occurring
Edit
41.
MC
Delete
(40) 1-3. Psychologists who carefully watch the behavior of chimpanzee societies
in the jungle are using a research method known as:
row
Points: 1
the survey.
experimentation.
naturalistic observation. CORRECT ANSWER
the case study.
random sampling.
Edit
42.
MC
Delete
(41) 1-3. A statistical measure that indicates the extent to which changes in one
factor are accompanied by changes in another is called a(n):
row
Points: 1
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replication.
independent variable.
correlation coefficient. CORRECT ANSWER
dependent variable.
Edit
43.
MC
Delete
(42) 1-3. Which of the following is a statistical measure of the extent to which
two factors vary together?
row
Points: 1
correlation coefficient CORRECT ANSWER
double-blind procedure
operational definition
random assignment
Edit
44.
MC
Delete
(43) 1-3. If those who watch a lot of violence are also particularly likely to
behave aggressively, this would not necessarily indicate that watching
violence influences aggressive behavior because:
row
Points: 1
random sequences often don't look random.
correlation does not prove causation.
CORRECT
ANSWER
sampling extreme cases leads to false
generalizations.
events often seem more probable in
hindsight.
Edit
45.
MC
Delete
row
(44) 1-3. Illusory correlation refers to:
Points: 1
the perception of a relationship between
two variables that does not actually exist.
CORRECT
ANSWER
a correlation that exceeds the value of +1.00.
a cluster of points on a scatterplot that suggests
a correlation between two variables.
a correlation that is not statistically significant.
Edit
46.
MC
Delete
(45) 1-3. Our tendency to notice and remember instances in which a premonition
of an unlikely phone call is actually followed by the call most clearly
contributes to:
row
Points: 1
random assignment.
an illusory correlation. CORRECT ANSWER
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replication.
the placebo effect.
Edit
47.
MC
Delete
(46) 1-3. Which of the following methods is most helpful for revealing causeeffect relationships?
row
Points: 1
the survey
the experiment
CORRECT ANSWER
correlational research
naturalistic observation
Edit
48.
MC
Delete
(47) 1-3. In which type of research would an investigator manipulate one factor
in order to observe its effect on some behavior or mental process?
row
Points: 1
the survey
the case study
experimentation
CORRECT ANSWER
naturalistic observation
Edit
49.
MC
Delete
(48) 1-3. The most foolproof way of testing the true effectiveness of a newly
introduced method of psychological therapy is by means of:
row
Points: 1
survey research.
case study research.
naturalistic observation.
correlational research.
experimental research. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
50.
MC
Delete
(49) 1-3. Participants in an experiment are said to be "blind" if they are
uninformed about:
row
Points: 1
what experimental hypothesis is being tested.
whether the experimental findings will be
statistically significant.
how the dependent variable is measured.
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which experimental treatment, if any,
they are receiving.
Edit
51.
MC
CORRECT
ANSWER
Delete
(50) 1-3. An inert substance that may be administered instead of a drug to see if
it produces any of the same effects as the drug is called a:
row
Points: 1
placebo.
CORRECT ANSWER
median.
case study.
replication.
Edit
52.
MC
Delete
(51) 1-3. The relief of pain following the ingestion of an inert substance that is
presumed to have medicinal benefits illustrates:
row
Points: 1
random assignment.
the hindsight bias.
the false consensus effect.
the placebo effect.
CORRECT ANSWER
illusory correlation.
Edit
53.
MC
Delete
(52) 1-3. Both the researchers and the participants in a drug-evaluation study
are ignorant about which participants have actually received an
experimental drug and which have received a placebo. This
investigation involves the use of:
row
Points: 1
naturalistic observation.
the hindsight bias.
random sampling.
the double-blind procedure. CORRECT ANSWER
replication.
Edit
54.
MC
Delete
(53) 1-3. In the control condition of an experiment the:
row
Points: 1
experimenter exerts the greatest influence on
participants' behavior.
research participants are exposed to all the
different experimental treatments.
research participants are exposed to the most
favorable levels of experimental treatment.
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CORRECT
ANSWER
experimental treatment is absent.
Edit
55.
MC
Delete
(54) 1-3. Being randomly assigned to the experimental condition in a research
project involves being assigned:
row
Points: 1
CORRECT
ANSWER
to that condition by chance.
to the condition in which participants are
representative of people in general.
in a fashion that ensures that the independent
variable will have a strong effect on the
dependent variable.
to the condition in which participants are all very
similar in personality characteristics.
Edit
56.
MC
Delete
(55) 1-3. In a psychological experiment, the potentially causal factor that is
manipulated by the investigator is called the ________ variable.
row
Points: 1
dependent
independent CORRECT ANSWER
control
experimental
Edit
57.
MC
Delete
row
(56) 1-3. The SQ3R study method emphasizes the importance of:
Points: 1
massed practice.
rote memory.
thinking critically. CORRECT ANSWER
role modeling.
Edit
Delete
58.
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1
60.
MC
(1) 4-6. Phrenology highlighted the presumed functions of:
row
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Points: 1
specific brain regions.
CORRECT ANSWER
neurotransmitters.
hormones.
the right side of the brain.
Edit
61.
MC
Delete
(2) 4-6. Dr. Wolski does research on the potential relationship between
neurotransmitter deficiencies and mood states. Which psychological
specialty does Dr. Wolski's research best represent?
row
Points: 1
phrenology
biological psychology CORRECT ANSWER
psychoanalysis
clinical psychology
Edit
62.
MC
Delete
row
(3) 4-6. Dendrites are branching extensions of:
Points: 1
neurotransmitters.
endorphins.
neurons.
CORRECT ANSWER
endocrine glands.
Edit
63.
MC
Delete
row
(4) 4-6. An axon is:
Points: 1
a cell that serves as the basic building block of
the nervous system.
a layer of fatty tissue that encases the fibers of
many neurons.
an antagonist molecule that blocks
neurotransmitter receptor sites.
the extension of a neuron that carries
messages away from the cell body.
CORRECT
ANSWER
a junction between a sending and receiving
neuron.
Edit
64.
MC
Delete
(5) 4-6. The longest part of a motor neuron is likely to be the:
row
Points: 1
dendrite.
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axon.
CORRECT ANSWER
cell body.
synapse.
Edit
65.
MC
Delete
(6) 4-6. A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called
the:
row
Points: 1
synapse.
agonist.
action potential. CORRECT ANSWER
myelin sheath.
refractory period.
Edit
66.
MC
Delete
(7) 4-6. The speed at which a neural impulse travels is increased when the axon
is encased by a(n):
row
Points: 1
association area.
myelin sheath. CORRECT ANSWER
endocrine gland.
glial cell.
synaptic vesicle.
Edit
67.
MC
Delete
(8) 4-6. The minimum level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse is
called the:
row
Points: 1
reflex.
threshold.
CORRECT ANSWER
synapse.
action potential.
Edit
68.
MC
Delete
(9) 4-6. Sir Charles Sherrington observed that impulses took more time to travel
a neural pathway than he might have anticipated. His observation
provided evidence for the existence of:
row
Points: 1
association areas.
glial cells.
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synaptic gaps.
CORRECT ANSWER
interneurons.
neural networks.
Edit
69.
MC
Delete
row
(10) 4-6. A synapse is a(n):
Points: 1
chemical messenger that triggers muscle
contractions.
automatic response to sensory input.
neural network.
junction between a sending neuron and a
receiving neuron.
CORRECT
ANSWER
neural cable containing many axons.
Edit
70.
MC
Delete
(11) 4-6. The chemical messengers released into the spatial junctions between
neurons are called:
row
Points: 1
hormones.
neurotransmitters. CORRECT ANSWER
synapses.
glial cells.
Edit
71.
MC
Delete
(12) 4-6. Neurotransmitters are released from vesicles located in knoblike
terminals on the:
row
Points: 1
dendrites.
cell body.
axon.
CORRECT ANSWER
myelin sheath.
Edit
72.
MC
Delete
row
(13) 4-6. Endorphins are:
Points: 1
neurotransmitters.
CORRECT ANSWER
sex hormones.
endocrine glands.
morphine antagonists.
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Edit
73.
MC
Delete
(14) 4-6. The two major divisions of the nervous system are the central and the
________ nervous systems.
row
Points: 1
autonomic
sympathetic
parasympathetic
peripheral
Edit
74.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
row
(15) 4-6. The central nervous system consists of:
Points: 1
sensory and motor neurons.
somatic and autonomic subsystems.
the brain and the spinal cord.
CORRECT ANSWER
sympathetic and parasympathetic branches.
Edit
75.
MC
Delete
(16) 4-6. In order for you to experience the pain of a sprained ankle, ________
must first relay messages from your ankle to your central nervous
system.
row
Points: 1
the limbic system
interneurons
the reticular formation
motor neurons
sensory neurons
Edit
76.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(17) 4-6. Information is carried from the central nervous system to the body's
tissues by:
row
Points: 1
interneurons.
sensory neurons.
motor neurons. CORRECT ANSWER
the limbic system.
Edit
77.
MC
Delete
(18) 4-6. Motor neurons transmit signals to:
row
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Points: 1
glands.
CORRECT ANSWER
interneurons.
sensory neurons.
all the above.
Edit
78.
MC
Delete
(19) 4-6. The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls glandular
activity and the muscles of internal organs is called the:
row
Points: 1
somatic nervous system.
reticular formation.
limbic system.
autonomic nervous system. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
79.
MC
Delete
(20) 4-6. A simple, automatic, inborn response to a sensory stimulus is called a:
row
Points: 1
neural network.
action potential.
neurotransmitter.
reflex.
Edit
80.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(21) 4-6. The knee-jerk reflex is controlled by interneurons in the:
row
Points: 1
limbic system.
spinal cord.
CORRECT ANSWER
brainstem.
cerebellum.
Edit
81.
MC
Delete
(22) 4-6. The reticular formation is located in the:
row
Points: 1
brainstem.
CORRECT ANSWER
limbic system.
somatosensory cortex.
motor cortex.
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cerebellum.
Edit
82.
MC
Delete
(23) 4-6. Severing a cat's reticular formation from higher brain regions causes
the cat to:
row
Points: 1
become violently aggressive.
cower in fear.
experience convulsive seizures.
lapse into a coma.
CORRECT ANSWER
become sexually preoccupied.
Edit
83.
MC
Delete
(24) 4-6. Which brain structure receives information from all the senses except
smell?
row
Points: 1
hippocampus
amygdala
angular gyrus
thalamus
Edit
84.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(25) 4-6. The "little brain" attached to the rear of the brainstem is called the:
row
Points: 1
limbic system.
corpus callosum.
cerebellum.
CORRECT ANSWER
reticular formation.
Edit
85.
MC
Delete
(26) 4-6. Surgical destruction of brain tissue is called a(n):
row
Points: 1
split brain.
EEG.
synapse.
lesion.
CORRECT ANSWER
MRI.
Edit
Delete
row
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86.
MC
(27) 4-6. To identify which specific brain areas are most active during a particular
mental task, researchers would be most likely to make use of a(n):
Points: 1
PET scan.
CORRECT ANSWER
hemispherectomy.
neural network.
brain lesion.
Edit
87.
MC
Delete
(28) 4-6. A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the
brainstem and cerebral hemispheres is known as the:
row
Points: 1
angular gyrus.
limbic system.
CORRECT ANSWER
reticular formation.
peripheral nervous system.
Edit
88.
MC
Delete
(29) 4-6. An area at the front of the parietal lobes that receives information from
the movement of body parts is called the:
row
Points: 1
limbic system.
sensory cortex.
CORRECT ANSWER
angular gyrus.
cerebellum.
reticular formation.
Edit
89.
MC
Delete
(30) 4-6. The association areas are located in the:
row
Points: 1
spinal cord.
brainstem.
thalamus.
limbic system.
cerebral cortex. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
90.
MC
Delete
(31) 4-6. The most extensive regions of the brain, which enable learning and
memory, are called the:
row
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Points: 1
reticular formation.
projection areas.
sensory areas.
temporal lobes.
association areas. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
91.
MC
Delete
(32) 4-6. An impaired use of language is known as:
row
Points: 1
tomography.
plasticity.
phrenology.
aphasia.
Edit
92.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(33) 4-6. The part of the cerebral cortex that directs the muscle movements
involved in speech is known as:
row
Points: 1
Wernicke's area.
Broca's area.
CORRECT ANSWER
the amygdala.
the angular gyrus.
the reticular formation.
Edit
93.
MC
Delete
(34) 4-6. The capacity of one brain area to take over the functions of another
damaged brain area is known as brain:
row
Points: 1
tomography.
phrenology.
hemispherectomy.
aphasia.
plasticity.
Edit
94.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(35) 4-6. The corpus callosum is a wide band of neural fibers that:
row
Points: 1
enables the left hemisphere to control the right
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side of the body.
transmits information between the
cerebral hemispheres.
CORRECT
ANSWER
controls the glands and muscles of the internal
organs.
directs the muscle movements involved in
speech.
Edit
95.
MC
Delete
row
(36) 4-6. Hormones are the chemical messengers of the:
Points: 1
cerebral cortex.
autonomic nervous system.
endocrine system.
CORRECT ANSWER
limbic system.
reticular formation.
Edit
96.
MC
Delete
row
(37) 4-6. The master gland of the endocrine system is the:
Points: 1
thyroid gland.
hypothalamus.
adrenal gland.
pituitary gland. CORRECT ANSWER
pancreas.
Edit
Delete
97.
End of Question Pool - "Chapter 2 Easy"
98.
Start of Question Pool - "Chapter 1 Medium" - Randomly
display 13 of these questions
End of pool to row
Start of pool to row
Edit Pool
Delete Pool
Entire pool to row
Entire pool to page
1
99.
MC
(1) 7-19. Which philosopher would have been most enthusiastic about modern
empiricism?
row
Points: 1
Plato
Socrates
Aristotle CORRECT ANSWER
Descartes
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Edit
100.
MC
Delete
row
(2) 7-19. Both Plato and Descartes believed that:
Points: 1
the mind is a blank slate at birth.
mind and body are distinct and
separable.
CORRECT
ANSWER
true knowledge originates in sensory
experience.
mental processes reflect evolutionary
change.
Edit
101.
MC
Delete
(3) 7-19. Francis Bacon was an early advocate of what came to be known as:
row
Points: 1
empiricism. CORRECT ANSWER
psychiatry.
structuralism.
functionalism.
Edit
102.
MC
Delete
(4) 7-19. Professor Zwier believes that children have an inborn concept of time
that enables them to distinguish between the past and the present. The
professor's belief is most inconsistent with the views of:
row
Points: 1
Descartes.
Socrates.
Locke.
CORRECT ANSWER
Plato.
Edit
103.
MC
Delete
(5) 7-19. Plato's presumption of inborn knowledge most clearly contrasts with a
view known as:
row
Points: 1
structuralism.
functionalism.
rationalism.
empiricism. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
104.
MC
Delete
(6) 7-19. Wilhelm Wundt's laboratory work involved experimental studies of:
row
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Points: 1
animal intelligence.
personality development.
learning and memory.
reactions to sensory stimulation. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
105.
MC
Delete
(7) 7-19. Research participants were asked to monitor and report their own
immediate sensory reactions to differently colored objects. This
research involved a technique known as:
row
Points: 1
SQ3R.
behavior genetics.
psychoanalysis.
massed practice.
introspection.
Edit
106.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(8) 7-19. Functionalism was a school of psychology that focused attention on the: row
Points: 1
adaptive value of conscious thought.
CORRECT ANSWER
component elements of sensory experience.
disruptive effects of unconscious motives.
treatment of psychological disorders.
Edit
107.
MC
Delete
(9) 7-19. Who was a student of William James and the first female president of
the American Psychological Association?
row
Points: 1
Jean Piaget
Francis Bacon
Rosalie Raynor
Mary Calkins
CORRECT ANSWER
Ren Descartes
Edit
108.
MC
Delete
(10) 7-19. In its early years, psychology focused on the study of ________, but
from the 1920s into the 1960s, American psychologists emphasized
the study of ________.
row
Points: 1
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environmental influences; hereditary
influences
maladaptive behavior; adaptive behavior
unconscious motives; conscious thoughts
and feelings
mental processes; observable behavior
Edit
109.
MC
CORRECT
ANSWER
Delete
(11) 7-19. Behaviorists dismissed the value of:
row
Points: 1
science.
introspection. CORRECT ANSWER
empiricism.
replication.
Edit
110.
MC
Delete
(12) 7-19. Which perspective is most relevant to understanding the effect of
strokes and brain diseases on memory?
row
Points: 1
evolutionary
behavioral
psychodynamic
neuroscience
CORRECT ANSWER
behavior genetics
Edit
111.
MC
Delete
(13) 7-19. Professor Lopez believes that severe depression results primarily from
an imbalanced diet and abnormal brain chemistry. Professor Lopez
favors a ________ perspective on depression.
row
Points: 1
neuroscience
CORRECT ANSWER
social-cultural
psychodynamic
behavior genetics
cognitive
Edit
112.
MC
Delete
(14) 7-19. Which perspective would suggest that the facial expressions of
emotion associated with lust and rage are inherited?
row
Points: 1
cognitive
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behavioral
evolutionary CORRECT ANSWER
social-cultural
Edit
113.
MC
Delete
(15) 7-19. Which perspective is most directly concerned with assessing the
relative influence of both nature and nature on our psychological
traits?
row
Points: 1
evolutionary
cognitive
behavior genetics CORRECT ANSWER
social-cultural
psychodynamic
Edit
114.
MC
Delete
(16) 7-19. Professor Brody attempts to measure the relative impact of inborn
traits and social influences on homosexual behavior. Her research
efforts best illustrates the interests of the ________ perspective.
row
Points: 1
behavior genetics CORRECT ANSWER
psychodynamic
behavioral
cognitive
Edit
115.
MC
Delete
(17) 7-19. Mrs. Alfieri believes that her husband's irritability toward her results
from his unconscious feelings of hostility toward his own mother. Mrs.
Alfieri is interpreting her husband's behavior from a(n) ________
perspective.
row
Points: 1
evolutionary
behavioral
psychodynamic CORRECT ANSWER
behavior genetics
Edit
116.
MC
Delete
(18) 7-19. Which perspective is most concerned with the unique ways in which
individuals interpret their own life experiences?
row
Points: 1
behavioral
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cognitive
CORRECT ANSWER
neuroscience
behavior genetics
Edit
117.
MC
Delete
(19) 7-19. Which psychological perspective is most likely to be concerned with
identifying the powers and the limits of human reasoning?
row
Points: 1
cognitive
CORRECT ANSWER
behavioral
neuroscience
social-cultural
behavior genetics
Edit
118.
MC
Delete
(20) 7-19. Which perspective would be most likely to focus on the extent to
which different styles of parenting are encouraged among various
ethnic communities?
row
Points: 1
evolutionary
cognitive
psychodynamic
social-cultural CORRECT ANSWER
neuroscience
Edit
119.
MC
Delete
(21) 7-19. Dr. Wilson attributes the delinquent behaviors of many teens to the
pressures associated with being members of street gangs. Her belief
best illustrates a(n) ________ perspective.
row
Points: 1
psychodynamic
behavior genetics
social-cultural
CORRECT ANSWER
neuroscience
evolutionary
Edit
120.
MC
Delete
(22) 7-19. Dr. Caleigh conducts basic research on the relationship between
adults' language skills and their capacity to solve mathematical
problems. Dr. Caleigh is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.
row
Points: 1
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cognitive CORRECT ANSWER
biological
clinical
social
Edit
121.
MC
Delete
(23) 7-19. Dr. Roberts engages in basic research involving the construction and
validation of tests designed to assess individual differences in traits
such as anxiety and self-esteem. Which specialty area does her
research best represent?
row
Points: 1
social psychology
biological psychology
industrial/organizational psychology
personality psychology
Edit
122.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(24) 7-19. Dr. Lipka is involved in an applied research study of customer
satisfaction with a newly developed line of facial cosmetics and other
beauty aids. Dr. Lipka is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.
row
Points: 1
clinical
developmental
biological
personality
industrial/organizational CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
123.
MC
Delete
(25) 7-19. For no apparent reason, Adam has recently begun to feel so tense and
anxious that he frequently stays home from work. It would be most
beneficial for Adam to contact a(n) ________ psychologist.
row
Points: 1
industrial/organizational
clinical
CORRECT ANSWER
personality
biological
Edit
124.
MC
Delete
(26) 7-19. The perception that psychological research findings merely verify our
common-sense understanding is most clearly facilitated by:
row
Points: 1
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illusory correlations.
the hindsight bias.
CORRECT ANSWER
operational definitions.
the placebo effect.
Edit
125.
MC
Delete
(27) 7-19. Professor Smith told one class that alcohol consumption has been
found to increase sexual desire. He informed another class that
alcohol consumption has been found to reduce sexual appetite. The
fact that neither class was surprised by the information they received
best illustrates the power of:
row
Points: 1
illusory correlation.
replication.
the hindsight bias.
CORRECT ANSWER
the double-blind procedure.
the placebo effect.
Edit
126.
MC
Delete
(28) 7-19. Megan was certain that she would never live far away from her family.
However, in order to develop her career, she decided to move.
Megan's experience best illustrates:
row
Points: 1
the hindsight bias.
illusory correlation.
random assignment.
the placebo effect.
overconfidence.
Edit
127.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(29) 7-19. Alicia insists that Dr. Phillip's theory of aggression be checked against
observable evidence. She is demonstrating the scientific attitude of:
row
Points: 1
pride.
skepticism. CORRECT ANSWER
practicality.
enthusiasm.
Edit
128.
MC
Delete
(30) 7-19. Questioning the generalizability of anecdotal evidence best illustrates:
row
Points: 1
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overconfidence.
the placebo effect.
the hindsight bias.
random assignment.
critical thinking.
Edit
129.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(31) 7-19. Professor Shalet contends that parents and children have similar
levels of intelligence largely because they share common genes. His
idea is best described as a(n):
row
Points: 1
theory.
CORRECT ANSWER
replication.
naturalistic observation.
illusory correlation.
hindsight bias.
Edit
130.
MC
Delete
(32) 7-19. The explanatory power of a scientific theory is most closely linked to
its capacity to generate testable:
row
Points: 1
assumptions.
correlations.
predictions. CORRECT ANSWER
variables.
Edit
131.
MC
Delete
(33) 7-19. Professor Delano suggests that because people are especially
attracted to those who are good-looking, handsome men will be more
successful than average-looking men in securing employment. The
professor's prediction regarding employment success exemplifies:
row
Points: 1
the hindsight bias.
the placebo effect.
an hypothesis.
CORRECT ANSWER
illusory correlation.
Edit
132.
MC
Delete
(34) 7-19. A specification of how a researcher measures a research variable is
known as a(n):
row
Points: 1
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independent variable.
control condition.
replication.
operational definition. CORRECT ANSWER
case study.
Edit
133.
MC
Delete
(35) 7-19. In a written report of their research, psychologists specify exactly how
anxiety is assessed, thus providing their readers with a(n):
row
Points: 1
hypothesis.
independent variable.
operational definition. CORRECT ANSWER
case study.
Edit
134.
MC
Delete
(36) 7-19. The process of replication is most likely to be facilitated by:
row
Points: 1
the hindsight bias.
the double-blind procedure.
illusory correlation.
operational definitions.
CORRECT ANSWER
the placebo effect.
Edit
135.
MC
Delete
(37) 7-19. Which technique involves repeating the essence of an earlier research
study with different participants and in different circumstances?
row
Points: 1
replication
CORRECT ANSWER
correlational research
random sampling
naturalistic observation
random assignment
Edit
136.
MC
Delete
(38) 7-19. In order to understand the unusual behavior of an adult client, a
clinical psychologist has carefully investigated the client's current life
situation and his physical, social, and educational history. Which
research method has the psychologist employed?
row
Points: 1
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the survey
the case study
CORRECT ANSWER
experimentation
naturalistic observation
Edit
137.
MC
Delete
(39) 7-19. The biggest danger of relying on case-study evidence is that it:
row
Points: 1
is based on naturalistic observation.
may be unrepresentative of what is
generally true.
CORRECT
ANSWER
is unusually easy to explain in hindsight.
leads us to underestimate the causal
relationships between events.
Edit
138.
MC
Delete
(40) 7-19. In order to learn about the TV viewing habits of all the children
attending Oakbridge School, Professor DeVries randomly selected and
interviewed 50 of the school's students. In this instance, all the
children attending the school are considered to be a(n):
row
Points: 1
population.
CORRECT ANSWER
representative sample.
case study.
independent variable.
control condition.
Edit
139.
MC
Delete
(41) 7-19. In order to assess reactions to a proposed tuition hike at her college,
Ariana sent a questionnaire to every fifteenth person in the college
registrar's alphabetical listing of all currently enrolled students. Ariana
employed the technique of:
row
Points: 1
random assignment.
naturalistic observation.
replication.
correlation.
random sampling.
Edit
140.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(42) 7-19. Which of the following scientific procedures is most useful for helping
researchers avoid false generalizations?
row
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Points: 1
the case study
naturalistic observation
random sampling
CORRECT ANSWER
operational definitions
Edit
141.
MC
Delete
(43) 7-19. Professor Ober carefully monitors and records the behaviors of
children in their classrooms in order to track the development of their
social and intellectual skills. Professor Ober is most clearly engaged
in:
row
Points: 1
survey research.
naturalistic observation. CORRECT ANSWER
experimentation.
replication.
Edit
142.
MC
Delete
(44) 7-19. Correlational research is most useful for purposes of:
row
Points: 1
explanation.
prediction. CORRECT ANSWER
control.
replication.
Edit
143.
MC
Delete
(45) 7-19. In order to determine whether people's self-esteem is related to their
income levels, researchers would most likely make use of:
row
Points: 1
case studies.
correlational research. CORRECT ANSWER
experimentation.
naturalistic observation.
Edit
144.
MC
Delete
(46) 7-19. In order to discover the extent to which economic status can be used
to predict political preferences, researchers are most likely to employ:
row
Points: 1
the case study approach.
naturalistic observation.
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correlational measures. CORRECT ANSWER
experimental research.
Edit
145.
MC
Delete
(47) 7-19. If psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with
their marriages than poor people are, this would indicate that wealth
and marital satisfaction are:
row
Points: 1
causally related.
negatively correlated. CORRECT ANSWER
independent variables.
dependent variables.
positively correlated.
Edit
146.
MC
Delete
(48) 7-19. If the correlation between the physical weight and reading ability of
elementary school students is +.85, this would indicate that:
row
Points: 1
the relationship between weight and reading
ability among elementary school students is not
statistically significant.
low body weight has a negative effect on the
reading abilities of elementary school children.
better reading ability is associated with
CORRECT
greater physical weight among elementary
ANSWER
school students.
body weight has no causal influence on the
reading abilities of elementary school children.
Edit
147.
MC
Delete
(49) 7-19. Statistical measurement is most directly useful for restraining a
thinking error known as:
row
Points: 1
the hindsight bias.
illusory correlation. CORRECT ANSWER
overconfidence.
the placebo effect.
random sampling.
Edit
148.
MC
Delete
(50) 7-19. The perception that seemingly infertile couples who adopt a child are
subsequently more likely to conceive a child themselves best
illustrates:
row
Points: 1
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the process of replication.
random assignment.
an illusory correlation. CORRECT ANSWER
the placebo effect.
Edit
149.
MC
Delete
(51) 7-19. Adelle dreamed that a handsome young man she had met the
previous day asked her for a date. When he actually did call for a date
several days later, Adelle concluded that dreams accurately predict
future events. Her belief best illustrates:
row
Points: 1
the placebo effect.
illusory correlation. CORRECT ANSWER
random assignment.
replication.
Edit
150.
MC
Delete
row
(52) 7-19. On a series of coin tosses, Oleg has correctly predicted heads or tails
seven times in a row. In this instance, it is reasonable to conclude that
Oleg's predictive accuracy:
Points: 1
defies the laws of statistical probability.
illustrates the phenomenon of illusory
correlation.
is inconsistent with the placebo effect.
is a random and coincidental
occurrence.
Edit
151.
MC
CORRECT
ANSWER
Delete
(53) 7-19. Six of the children in Mr. Myer's second-grade classroom were born on
exactly the same day. This strikes him as astonishing and improbable.
In this instance, he should be reminded that:
row
Points: 1
random sequences of events don't
look often random.
CORRECT
ANSWER
events often seem more probable in hindsight.
sampling extreme cases leads to false
generalizations.
the tendency to seek confirming evidence
promotes overconfidence.
Edit
152.
MC
Delete
(54) 7-19. The illusion of streak shooting in basketball best illustrates the need to row
recognize that:
Points: 1
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random sequences of events often don't CORRECT
look random.
ANSWER
sampling extreme cases leads to false
generalizations.
events often seem more probable in
hindsight.
correlation does not prove causation.
Edit
153.
MC
Delete
(55) 7-19. Researchers use experiments rather than other research methods in
order to distinguish between:
row
Points: 1
facts and theories.
CORRECT
ANSWER
causes and effects.
case studies and surveys.
random samples and representative
samples.
Edit
154.
MC
Delete
(56) 7-19. The most accurate way of assessing the impact of breast milk feedings row
on the intellectual development of children is by means of:
Points: 1
case studies.
surveys.
naturalistic observations.
experiments.
Edit
155.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(57) 7-19. Which research method provides the best way of assessing whether
cigarette smoking boosts mental alertness?
row
Points: 1
the case study
the survey
naturalistic observation
the experiment
Edit
156.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(58) 7-19. Prediction is to ________ as explanation is to ________.
row
Points: 1
correlation; experimentation
CORRECT ANSWER
case study; survey
random assignment; random sampling
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independent variable; dependent variable
hindsight bias; placebo effect
Edit
157.
MC
Delete
(59) 7-19. In a test of the effects of sleep deprivation on problem-solving skills,
research participants are allowed to sleep either 4 or 8 hours on each
of three consecutive nights. This research is an example of:
row
Points: 1
naturalistic observation.
survey research.
a case study.
an experiment.
CORRECT ANSWER
correlational research.
Edit
158.
MC
Delete
(60) 7-19. In a study of the effects of alcohol consumption, some participants
drank a nonalcoholic beverage that actually smelled and tasted like
alcohol. This nonalcoholic drink was a:
row
Points: 1
dependent variable.
replication.
placebo.
CORRECT ANSWER
random sample.
double blind.
Edit
159.
MC
Delete
(61) 7-19. The placebo effect best illustrates the effect of ________ on feelings
and behaviors.
row
Points: 1
critical thinking
random sampling
positive expectations CORRECT ANSWER
random assignment
Edit
160.
MC
Delete
(62) 7-19. To minimize the extent to which outcome differences between
experimental and control conditions can be attributed to placebo
effects, researchers make use of:
row
Points: 1
random sampling.
the double-blind procedure. CORRECT ANSWER
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random assignment.
operational definitions.
replication.
Edit
161.
MC
Delete
(63) 7-19. In order to study the effects of loud noise on worker productivity, Dr.
McDuffee had one group of research participants work in a noisy room
and a second group work in a quiet room. Those who worked in the
quiet room were exposed to the ________ condition.
row
Points: 1
experimental
survey
control
CORRECT ANSWER
correlational
Edit
162.
MC
Delete
(64) 7-19. In an experimental study, men with symptoms of impotence received
either Viagra or a placebo. Those who received Viagra participated in
the ________ condition.
row
Points: 1
correlational
control
survey
experimental CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
163.
MC
Delete
(65) 7-19. To accurately infer cause and effect, experimenters should use:
row
Points: 1
random assignment. CORRECT ANSWER
naturalistic observation.
correlation coefficients.
case studies.
Edit
164.
MC
Delete
(66) 7-19. To assess the effect of televised violence on aggression, researchers
plan to expose one group of children to violent movie scenes and
another group to nonviolent scenes. In order to reduce the chance
that the children in one group have more aggressive personalities
than those in the other group, the researchers should make use of:
row
Points: 1
random assignment.
CORRECT ANSWER
the double-blind procedure.
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naturalistic observations.
operational definitions.
replication.
Edit
165.
MC
Delete
(67) 7-19. Research participants are randomly assigned to different conditions in
an experiment in order to:
row
Points: 1
reduce the likelihood that participants within any
condition know each other.
increase the likelihood that research participants
are representative of people in general.
reduce the likelihood of any preexisting
differences between the groups of
participants assigned to the different
conditions.
CORRECT
ANSWER
increase the likelihood that the different
experimental conditions have the same number
of participants.
Edit
166.
MC
Delete
(68) 7-19. Correlational evidence suggested that postmenopausal women
receiving hormone replacement therapy had _______ health problems
than those not receiving such treatment. Experimental evidence
revealed that women receiving replacement hormones subsequently
experienced ________ health problems than did nontreated women.
row
Points: 1
fewer; fewer
more; more
fewer; more CORRECT ANSWER
more; fewer
Edit
167.
MC
Delete
(69) 7-19. In an experimental study of the effects of anxiety on self-esteem,
anxiety would be the ________ variable.
row
Points: 1
experimental
dependent
correlational
independent CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
168.
MC
Delete
(70) 7-19. In a psychological experiment, the factor that may be influenced by
the manipulated experimental treatment is called the ________
variable.
row
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Points: 1
dependent CORRECT ANSWER
experimental
control
independent
Edit
169.
MC
Delete
(71) 7-19. Greenwald and colleagues observed that students who listened to
subliminal tapes designed to improve self-esteem subsequently
demonstrated ________ in their self-esteem test scores.
row
Points: 1
dramatic improvement
moderate improvement
no improvement
CORRECT ANSWER
dramatic deterioration
Edit
170.
MC
Delete
(72) 7-19. The artificial and simplified reality of laboratory experiments is most
helpful in enabling psychologists to:
row
Points: 1
predict human behavior in a variety of
situations.
perceive order in completely random events.
develop explanatory theories of
everyday behaviors.
CORRECT
ANSWER
observe random samples of human conduct.
Edit
171.
MC
Delete
(73) 7-19. An awareness of extensive cultural differences in attitudes and values
is most likely to prevent one from being misled by:
row
Points: 1
replication.
random assignment.
operational definitions.
unrepresentative samples. CORRECT ANSWER
double-blind procedures.
Edit
172.
MC
Delete
(74) 7-19. Psychological differences between the genders are:
row
Points: 1
of little interest to contemporary
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psychologists.
simply reflections of biological differences
between the sexes.
no longer evident in contemporary Western
societies.
of little relevance to real life.
CORRECT
ANSWER
far outweighed by gender similarities.
Edit
173.
MC
Delete
row
(75) 7-19. Psychologists study animals because:
Points: 1
animal behavior is just as complex as human
behavior.
experiments on people are generally
considered to be unethical.
the ethical treatment of animals is not
mandated by professional guidelines.
similar processes often underlie animal
and human behavior.
Edit
174.
MC
CORRECT
ANSWER
Delete
(76) 7-19. Animal protection organizations are more likely to support the use of
animals in research involving ________ than in research involving
________.
row
Points: 1
experimentation; replication
naturalistic observation;
experimentation
CORRECT
ANSWER
case studies; naturalistic observation
random assignment; case studies
Edit
175.
MC
Delete
(77) 7-19. The American Psychological Association and British Psychological
Society have developed ethical principles urging investigators to:
row
Points: 1
avoid the use of monetary incentives in
recruiting people to participate in research.
forewarn potential research participants of the
exact hypotheses that the research will test.
avoid the manipulation of independent variables
in research involving human participants.
explain the research to the participants
after the study has been completed.
Edit
176.
MC
CORRECT
ANSWER
Delete
(78) 7-19. Psychologists' personal values and goals:
row
Points: 1
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are carefully tested by means of observation
and experimentation.
lead them to avoid experiments involving
human participants.
can bias their observations and
interpretations.
CORRECT
ANSWER
have very little influence on the process of
scientific observation.
Edit
177.
MC
Delete
row
(79) 7-19. The study of psychology is potentially dangerous because:
Points: 1
psychological knowledge can be used for
destructive purposes.
CORRECT
ANSWER
psychologists generally believe that people are
not personally responsible for their actions.
psychological research necessitates performing
stressful experiments on people.
people are highly suggestible and can be easily
manipulated.
Edit
178.
MC
Delete
(80) 7-19. In answering multiple-choice test items, smart test-takers are best
advised to:
row
Points: 1
check off as correct the first answer they read
that seems to be right.
choose the "all the above" option if it is
available.
carefully imagine how each of the alternative
answers might be correct.
recall the correct answer to each question CORRECT
before reading the alternative answers.
ANSWER
Edit
Delete
179.
End of Question Pool - "Chapter 1 Medium"
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display 14 of these questions
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Start of pool to row
Edit Pool
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Entire pool to row
Entire pool to page
1
181.
MC
(1) 20-33. A biological psychologist would be most interested in the relationship
between:
row
Points: 1
body chemistry and violent behavior. CORRECT ANSWER
skull shape and character traits.
self-esteem and popularity.
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brain size and cell structure.
Edit
182.
MC
Delete
row
(2) 20-33. The function of dendrites is to:
Points: 1
receive incoming signals from other
neurons.
CORRECT
ANSWER
release neurotransmitters into the spatial
junctions between neurons.
coordinate the activation of the
parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous
systems.
control pain through the release of opiatelike
chemicals into the brain.
Edit
183.
MC
Delete
(3) 20-33. In transmitting sensory information to the brain, an electrical signal
within a single neuron travels from the:
row
Points: 1
cell body to the axon to the dendrites.
dendrites to the axon to the cell body.
axon to the cell body to the dendrites.
dendrites to the cell body to the axon. CORRECT ANSWER
axon to the dendrites to the cell body.
Edit
184.
MC
Delete
row
(4) 20-33. Neural impulses may travel as rapidly as:
Points: 1
sound waves.
light waves.
200 miles per hour.
CORRECT ANSWER
electricity through a wire.
Edit
185.
MC
Delete
(5) 20-33. Increasing excitatory signals above the threshold for neural activation
will not affect the intensity of an action potential. This indicates that a
neuron's reaction is:
row
Points: 1
inhibited by the myelin sheath.
delayed by the refractory period.
an all-or-none response.
CORRECT ANSWER
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dependent on neurotransmitter molecules.
Edit
186.
MC
Delete
row
(6) 20-33. Reuptake refers to the:
Points: 1
movement of neurotransmitter molecules
across a synaptic gap.
binding of neurotransmitter molecules to
dendritic receptor sites.
inflow of electrically charged atoms through an
axon membrane.
reabsorption of excess neurotransmitter
molecules by a sending neuron.
Edit
187.
MC
CORRECT
ANSWER
Delete
(7) 20-33. Epinephrine is to hormone as acetylcholine is to:
row
Points: 1
synapse.
action potential.
endorphin.
neurotransmitter. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
188.
MC
Delete
(8) 20-33. Transferring messages from a motor neuron to a leg muscle requires
the neurotransmitter known as:
row
Points: 1
dopamine.
epinephrine.
acetylcholine. CORRECT ANSWER
insulin.
Edit
189.
MC
Delete
(9) 20-33. Botulin poisoning from improperly canned food causes paralysis by
blocking the release of:
row
Points: 1
endorphins.
epinephrine.
acetylcholine. CORRECT ANSWER
dopamine.
Edit
190.
MC
Delete
(10) 20-33. Opiate drugs occupy the same receptor sites as:
row
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Points: 1
acetylcholine.
serotonin.
endorphins. CORRECT ANSWER
dopamine.
epinephrine.
Edit
191.
MC
Delete
(11) 20-33. Jos has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little
fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused by the
release of:
row
Points: 1
glutamate.
dopamine.
acetylcholine.
endorphins. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
192.
MC
Delete
(12) 20-33. Jason's painful withdrawal symptoms following heroin use were
probably due in part to a reduction in his body's normal production
of:
row
Points: 1
dopamine.
epinephrine.
acetylcholine.
endorphins. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
193.
MC
Delete
(13) 20-33. A drug that mimics the effects of a particular neurotransmitter or
blocks its reuptake is called a(n):
row
Points: 1
glutamate.
steroid.
agonist.
CORRECT ANSWER
opiate.
Edit
194.
MC
Delete
(14) 20-33. Endorphin agonists are likely to _______ one's immediate pain and
endorphin antagonists are likely to _______ one's immediate pain.
row
Points: 1
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decrease; increase CORRECT ANSWER
increase; decrease
increase; increase
decrease; decrease
Edit
195.
MC
Delete
(15) 20-33. Sensory neurons are an important part of the:
row
Points: 1
limbic system.
reticular formation.
peripheral nervous system. CORRECT ANSWER
central nervous system.
Edit
196.
MC
Delete
(16) 20-33. The vast majority of cells in the body's information-processing
system are:
row
Points: 1
interneurons.
CORRECT ANSWER
motor neurons.
sensory neurons.
neurotransmitters.
Edit
197.
MC
Delete
(17) 20-33. Messages are transmitted from your spinal cord to muscles in your
hands by the ________ nervous system.
row
Points: 1
central
peripheral
CORRECT ANSWER
parasympathetic
sympathetic
autonomic
Edit
198.
MC
Delete
(18) 20-33. One function of glial cells is to:
row
Points: 1
control heartbeat and breathing.
mimic the effects of neurotransmitters.
provide nutrients to interneurons. CORRECT ANSWER
stimulate the production of hormones.
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Edit
199.
MC
Delete
(19) 20-33. The somatic nervous system is a component of the ________
nervous system.
row
Points: 1
peripheral
CORRECT ANSWER
autonomic
central
sympathetic
parasympathetic
Edit
200.
MC
Delete
(20) 20-33. Messages are transmitted from your spinal cord to your heart
muscles by the:
row
Points: 1
limbic system.
somatic nervous system.
central nervous system.
autonomic nervous system. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
201.
MC
Delete
(21) 20-33. You come home one night to find a burglar in your house. Your heart
starts racing and you begin to perspire. These physical reactions are
triggered by the:
row
Points: 1
somatic nervous system.
sympathetic nervous system. CORRECT ANSWER
parasympathetic nervous system.
limbic system.
Edit
202.
MC
Delete
(22) 20-33. Heartbeat acceleration is to heartbeat deceleration as the ________
nervous system is to the ________ nervous system.
row
Points: 1
somatic; autonomic
autonomic; somatic
central; peripheral
sympathetic; parasympathetic CORRECT ANSWER
parasympathetic; sympathetic
Edit
Delete
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203.
MC
(23) 20-33. After discovering that the shadows outside his window were only the
trees in the yard, Ralph's blood pressure decreased and his
heartbeat slowed. These physical reactions were most directly
regulated by his:
row
Points: 1
parasympathetic nervous system. CORRECT ANSWER
sympathetic nervous system.
somatic nervous system.
hippocampus.
Edit
204.
MC
Delete
row
(24) 20-33. Neural networks
Points: 1
the branching extensions of a neuron.
interconnected clusters of neurons in the CORRECT
central nervous system.
ANSWER
neural cables containing many axons.
junctions between sending and receiving
neurons.
neurons that connect the central nervous
system to the rest of the body.
Edit
205.
MC
Delete
(25) 20-33. In a tragic diving accident, Andrew damaged his spinal cord and
consequently suffered paralysis of his legs. Andrew's injury was
located in his:
row
Points: 1
somatic nervous system.
limbic system.
sympathetic nervous system.
central nervous system.
Edit
206.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(26) 20-33. Aaron consistently exhibits a knee-jerk response without having any
sensations of the taps on his knees. Aaron's experience is most
indicative of a:
row
Points: 1
split brain.
severed spinal cord.
CORRECT ANSWER
hemispherectomy.
reward deficiency syndrome.
Edit
Delete
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207.
MC
(27) 20-33. The part of the brainstem that controls heartbeat and breathing is
called the:
row
Points: 1
cerebellum.
medulla.
CORRECT ANSWER
reticular formation.
thalamus.
Edit
208.
MC
Delete
(28) 20-33. Which region of the brainstem takes you to a state of arousal when
someone nearby mentions your name?
row
Points: 1
reticular formation CORRECT ANSWER
cerebellum
hypothalamus
amygdala
medulla
Edit
209.
MC
Delete
(29) 20-33. Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual
cortex?
row
Points: 1
thalamus
CORRECT ANSWER
amygdala
medulla
hippocampus
cerebellum
Edit
210.
MC
Delete
(30) 20-33. An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep
across the surface of the brain is called a(n):
row
Points: 1
brain lesion.
EEG.
CORRECT ANSWER
PET scan.
MRI.
Edit
211.
MC
Delete
(31) 20-33. The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some
patients who have schizophrenia is to use a(n):
row
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Points: 1
EEG.
MRI.
CORRECT ANSWER
PET scan.
lobotomy.
Edit
212.
MC
Delete
(32) 20-33. Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that
plays an essential role in the formation of new memories?
row
Points: 1
hypothalamus
thalamus
hippocampus CORRECT ANSWER
medulla
Edit
213.
MC
Delete
(33) 20-33. The brainstem is to arousal as the limbic system is to:
row
Points: 1
emotion.
CORRECT ANSWER
muscular coordination.
respiration.
language comprehension.
Edit
214.
MC
Delete
(34) 20-33. To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently
aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's:
row
Points: 1
reticular formation.
cerebellum.
medulla.
amygdala.
Edit
215.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(35) 20-33. A brain tumor caused extensive damage to Mr. Thorndike's
hypothalamus. It is most likely that he may suffer a loss of:
row
Points: 1
visual perception.
muscular coordination.
sexual motivation.
CORRECT ANSWER
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language comprehension.
Edit
216.
MC
Delete
(36) 20-33. The brain structure that provides a major link between the nervous
system and the hormone system is the:
row
Points: 1
cerebellum.
amygdala.
reticular formation.
hypothalamus.
CORRECT ANSWER
medulla.
Edit
217.
MC
Delete
(37) 20-33. Addictive drug cravings are likely to be associated with reward
centers in the:
row
Points: 1
thalamus.
cerebellum.
reticular formation.
limbic system.
CORRECT ANSWER
angular gyrus.
Edit
218.
MC
Delete
(38) 20-33. Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity
depends primarily on the normal functioning of your:
row
Points: 1
cerebellum.
amygdala.
hypothalamus.
sympathetic nervous system.
cerebral cortex.
Edit
219.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(39) 20-33. The surgical removal of a large tumor from Dane's occipital lobe
resulted in extensive loss of brain tissue. Dane is most likely to
suffer some loss of:
row
Points: 1
muscular coordination.
language comprehension.
visual perception.
CORRECT ANSWER
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speaking ability.
pain sensations.
Edit
220.
MC
Delete
(40) 20-33. Auditory stimulation is first processed in the ________ lobes.
row
Points: 1
occipital
temporal CORRECT ANSWER
frontal
parietal
Edit
221.
MC
Delete
(41) 20-33. The motor cortex is located in the ________ lobes.
row
Points: 1
occipital
temporal
frontal
CORRECT ANSWER
parietal
Edit
222.
MC
Delete
(42) 20-33. Which of the following body parts is associated with the greatest
amount of brain tissue in the motor cortex?
row
Points: 1
arms
face CORRECT ANSWER
trunk
knees
Edit
223.
MC
Delete
(43) 20-33. The sensory cortex is most critical for our sense of:
row
Points: 1
taste.
sight.
hearing.
touch.
CORRECT ANSWER
smell.
Edit
224.
MC
Delete
(44) 20-33. Which part of your brain receives information as to whether you are
row
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moving your legs?
Points: 1
limbic system
motor cortex
sensory cortex CORRECT ANSWER
Broca's area
Edit
225.
MC
Delete
(45) 20-33. The experience of auditory hallucinations by people with
schizophrenia is most closely linked with the activation of areas in
their:
row
Points: 1
motor cortex.
angular gyrus.
temporal lobes. CORRECT ANSWER
hypothalamus.
Edit
226.
MC
Delete
(46) 20-33. The ability to recognize familiar faces is disturbed by damage to the
right ________ lobe.
row
Points: 1
frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
227.
MC
Delete
(47) 20-33. After Miguel's recent automobile accident, doctors detected damage
to his cerebral cortex in Broca's area. It is likely that Miguel will have
difficulty:
row
Points: 1
remembering past events.
speaking fluently.
CORRECT
ANSWER
reading.
understanding other people when they
speak.
Edit
228.
MC
Delete
(48) 20-33. Wernicke's area is typically located in the left ________ lobe.
row
Points: 1
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parietal
occipital
temporal CORRECT ANSWER
frontal
Edit
229.
MC
Delete
(49) 20-33. PET scans have revealed that the visual cortex is activated when
blind people read Braille. This best illustrates:
row
Points: 1
plasticity.
CORRECT ANSWER
aphasia.
hemispherectomy.
phrenology.
Edit
230.
MC
Delete
(50) 20-33. Neural regulation of a child's language functioning is transferred to
the right hemisphere if speech areas in the left hemisphere are
damaged. This best illustrates:
row
Points: 1
aphasia.
hemispherectomy.
plasticity.
CORRECT ANSWER
tomography.
phrenology.
Edit
231.
MC
Delete
(51) 20-33. The benefits of brain plasticity are most clearly demonstrated in:
row
Points: 1
children who have had a cerebral
hemisphere surgically removed.
CORRECT
ANSWER
individuals with Alzheimer's disease.
adults with aphasia.
elderly stroke patients.
people free of any disease or brain damage.
Edit
232.
MC
Delete
(52) 20-33. Damage to the left cerebral hemisphere is most likely to reduce a
person's ability to:
row
Points: 1
solve arithmetic problems. CORRECT ANSWER
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copy drawings.
recognize faces.
recognize familiar melodies.
Edit
233.
MC
Delete
(53) 20-33. Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients
in order to reduce:
row
Points: 1
aphasia.
epileptic seizures.
CORRECT ANSWER
depression.
neural plasticity.
reward deficiency syndrome.
Edit
234.
MC
Delete
(54) 20-33. If a picture of a comb is briefly flashed in the left visual field of a
splitbrain patient, she should be able to:
row
Points: 1
use her left hand to draw a picture of
the comb.
CORRECT
ANSWER
use her right hand to draw a picture of the
comb.
orally report what she saw.
use her right hand to write the word
"comb."
Edit
235.
MC
Delete
(55) 20-33. Hearing-impaired people who use sign language typically:
row
Points: 1
demonstrate greater mathematical
competence than people without hearing
impairments.
process language in their left cerebral
hemisphere.
CORRECT
ANSWER
recognize facial expressions of emotion with
their left rather than their right cerebral
hemisphere.
have a slightly smaller corpus callosum than
people without hearing impairments.
Edit
236.
MC
Delete
(56) 20-33. Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into:
row
Points: 1
synaptic gaps.
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the bloodstream. CORRECT ANSWER
the limbic system.
sensory neurons.
interneurons.
Edit
237.
MC
Delete
(57) 20-33. The ovaries in females and the testes in males are part of the:
row
Points: 1
limbic system.
endocrine system.
CORRECT ANSWER
sympathetic nervous system.
reticular formation.
central nervous system.
Edit
238.
MC
Delete
(58) 20-33. If a professor accused you of cheating on a test, your adrenal glands
would probably release ________ into your bloodstream.
row
Points: 1
endorphins
acetylcholine
serotonin
epinephrine CORRECT ANSWER
insulin
Edit
Delete
239.
End of Question Pool - "Chapter 2 Medium"
240.
Start of Question Pool - "Chapter 3 Easy" - Randomly
display 2 of these questions
End of pool to row
Start of pool to row
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Entire pool to row
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1
241.
MC
(1) 34-35. Dmitry Belyaev and Lyudmilla Trut successfully domesticated wild
foxes by means of:
row
Points: 1
cloning.
gender-typing.
selective mating. CORRECT ANSWER
gene splicing.
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hormone injections.
Edit
242.
MC
Delete
(2) 34-35. Which of the following is a major source of genetic diversity?
row
Points: 1
cloning
gender-typing
mutations
CORRECT ANSWER
norms
Edit
243.
MC
Delete
(3) 34-35. According to evolutionary psychologists, behaviors that promote
reproductive success are likely to be:
row
Points: 1
socially prohibited.
genetically predisposed. CORRECT ANSWER
ecologically disruptive.
disease-producing.
Edit
244.
MC
Delete
(4) 34-35. Compared with women, men are more likely to:
row
Points: 1
initiate sexual activity.
think about sex.
make sacrifices to gain sex.
do all of the above.
Edit
245.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(5) 34-35. The study of the relative power of genetic and environmental
influences on behavior and personality traits is known as:
row
Points: 1
evolutionary psychology.
behavior genetics.
CORRECT ANSWER
gender-typing.
human cloning.
Edit
246.
MC
Delete
(6) 34-35. Identical twins originate from the fertilization of ________ egg cell(s)
by ________ sperm cell(s).
row
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Points: 1
a single; a single CORRECT ANSWER
two; a single
a single; two
two; two
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247.
MC
Delete
(7) 34-35. Twin studies suggest that Alzheimer's disease is influenced by:
row
Points: 1
testosterone.
gender schemas.
heredity.
CORRECT ANSWER
norms.
Edit
248.
MC
Delete
(8) 34-35. Two individuals are most likely to share similar personality traits if
they are ________ twins who were reared ________.
row
Points: 1
fraternal; together
identical; apart
fraternal; apart
identical; together CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
249.
MC
Delete
(9) 34-35. An infant's temperament refers most directly to its:
row
Points: 1
ability to learn.
physical attractiveness.
emotional excitability. CORRECT ANSWER
physical health.
sense of humor.
Edit
250.
MC
Delete
(10) 34-35. Who are likely to show the greatest similarity in temperament?
row
Points: 1
Ruth and Ramona, identical twins
CORRECT ANSWER
Philip and Paul, fraternal twins
Larry and Laura, brother and sister
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Vincent Sr. and Vincent Jr., father and
son
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251.
MC
Delete
(11) 34-35. Identical twins are most likely to share a similar prenatal
environment if they share the same:
row
Points: 1
placenta.
CORRECT ANSWER
reproductive capacity.
norms.
gender schemas.
Edit
252.
MC
Delete
(12) 34-35. The enduring traditions, ideas, attitudes, and behaviors shared by a
large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the
next define their:
row
Points: 1
temperament.
roles.
racial identity.
culture.
Edit
253.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(13) 34-35. Those who study cultural influences on behavior are most likely to
highlight the importance of:
row
Points: 1
natural selection.
temperament.
schemas.
norms.
Edit
254.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(14) 34-35. Personal space refers to:
row
Points: 1
our inner private thoughts and personally
subjective feelings about ourselves.
the distance we like to maintain between CORRECT
ourselves and other people.
ANSWER
the priority we give to our own personal
needs over group needs.
areas of a home, such as a bedroom, where
privacy is important.
Edit
Delete
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255.
MC
(15) 34-35. A cluster of behaviors expected of those who occupy a particular
social position is a:
row
Points: 1
norm.
role.
CORRECT ANSWER
schema.
temperament.
Edit
256.
MC
Delete
row
(16) 34-35. Gender role refers to:
Points: 1
one's biological sex.
the sense of being male or female.
the set of expected behaviors for males CORRECT
and females.
ANSWER
the sense of being homosexual or
heterosexual.
how masculine a boy is or how feminine a
girl is.
Edit
257.
MC
Delete
row
(17) 34-35. The social roles assigned to women and men:
Points: 1
are virtually the same in all cultures.
have been virtually the same in all historical
time periods.
differ widely across cultures.
CORRECT
ANSWER
differ widely across historical time periods
but not across cultures.
Edit
258.
MC
Delete
row
(18) 34-35. Gender identity refers to:
Points: 1
one's biological sex.
the sense of being male or female.
CORRECT
ANSWER
the set of expected behaviors for males and
for females.
how masculine a boy is or how feminine a
girl is.
a person's identification with the parent of
the opposite sex.
Edit
259.
MC
Delete
(19) 34-35. A boy who consistently exhibits traditionally masculine interests and
row
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behavior patterns demonstrates the impact of:
Points: 1
gene complexes.
sexual orientation.
the X chromosome.
gender-typing.
Edit
260.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(20) 34-35. Ten-year-old Migdalia insists on wearing very feminine-looking
clothes because she wants to appear ladylike. This best illustrates
the impact of:
row
Points: 1
natural selection.
personal space.
sexual orientation.
gender-typing.
Edit
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
261.
End of Question Pool - "Chapter 3 Easy"
262.
Start of Question Pool - "Chapter 3 Medium" - Randomly
display 15 of these questions
End of pool to row
Start of pool to row
Edit Pool
Delete Pool
Entire pool to row
Entire pool to page
1
263.
MC
(1) 36-50. A human sperm cell contains:
row
Points: 1
23 chromosomes. CORRECT ANSWER
23 genes.
46 chromosomes.
46 genes.
Edit
264.
MC
Delete
(2) 36-50. A segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a specific protein is called
a:
row
Points: 1
gene.
CORRECT ANSWER
gender schema.
chromosome.
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hormone.
neurotransmitter.
Edit
265.
MC
Delete
(3) 36-50. The reproductive advantage enjoyed by organisms best suited to a
specific ecological niche is known as:
row
Points: 1
cloning.
behavior genetics.
natural selection. CORRECT ANSWER
temperament.
Edit
266.
MC
Delete
(4) 36-50. If a genetically based attraction to beautiful people contributes to
survival, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations.
This best illustrates:
row
Points: 1
gender-typing.
natural selection.
CORRECT ANSWER
behavior genetics.
gender schema theory.
Edit
267.
MC
Delete
(5) 36-50. An evolutionary psychologist would suggest that people are genetically row
predisposed to:
Points: 1
fear dangerous animals.
love their own children.
seek healthy-looking mates.
do all of the above.
Edit
268.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(6) 36-50. Professor Assad suggested that a cautious attitude toward sexual
encounters has proven to be more reproductively advantageous to
women than to men because the reproduction process is more timeconsuming for women than for men. This suggestion best illustrates
the logic of a(n) ________ theory of sexual behavior.
row
Points: 1
evolutionary
CORRECT ANSWER
social learning
Freudian
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gender schema
Edit
269.
MC
Delete
(7) 36-50. Men judge women as especially attractive if they appear ________
and women judge men as especially attractive if they appear
________.
row
Points: 1
mature; mature
youthful; youthful
mature; youthful
youthful; mature CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
270.
MC
Delete
(8) 36-50. In attracting potential mates, women are more likely than men to
advertise their own ________, and men are more likely than women
to advertise their own ________.
row
Points: 1
athletic skills; parenting skills
good looks; social status
CORRECT ANSWER
sexual experience; sexual inexperience
intelligence; nurturance
Edit
271.
MC
Delete
(9) 36-50. Brittla is highly motivated to maintain an attractive appearance and
spends a lot of time and money on cosmetics. According to
evolutionary psychologists, Brittla's behavior is a product of:
row
Points: 1
cultural norms.
gender-typing.
gender schemas.
genetic predispositions. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
272.
MC
Delete
(10) 36-50. Evolutionary psychologists would be least likely to predict that:
row
Points: 1
a man would be distressed by the sexual
infidelity of his wife.
a woman would engage in casual sex
with many male partners.
CORRECT
ANSWER
a woman would prefer to marry a man who is
wealthier than herself.
a man would prefer to marry a woman who is
better looking than himself.
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Edit
273.
MC
Delete
(11) 36-50. Compared to identical twins, fraternal twins are ________ similar in
neuroticism and ________ similar in extraversion.
row
Points: 1
more; less
less; more
more; more
less; less
Edit
274.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(12) 36-50. Compared to fraternal twins, identical twins are much more similar
in:
row
Points: 1
extraversion.
neuroticism.
temperament.
all of the above. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
275.
MC
Delete
(13) 36-50. The personalities of adopted children:
row
Points: 1
are very similar to the personalities of the other
children in their adoptive families.
are very similar to the personalities of their
biologically related siblings.
are not very similar to the personalities of CORRECT
their adoptive parents.
ANSWER
are more similar to the personalities of their
caregiving adoptive parents than to the
personalities of their biological parents.
Edit
276.
MC
Delete
(14) 36-50. The home environment most clearly has a greater influence on
children's ________ than on their ________.
row
Points: 1
temperament; political attitudes
extraversion; table manners
religious beliefs; personality traits CORRECT ANSWER
gender identity; gender schemas
Edit
277.
MC
Delete
(15) 36-50. Research most clearly suggests that personality traits are more
strongly influenced by ________ than by ________.
row
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Points: 1
genes; home environment
CORRECT ANSWER
home environment; genes
genes; peer influence
home environments; peer influence
Edit
278.
MC
Delete
(16) 36-50. Pat is normally very restless and fidgety, whereas Shelley is usually
quiet and easygoing. The two children most clearly differ in:
row
Points: 1
brain maturation.
gender schemas.
temperament.
CORRECT ANSWER
physical health.
Edit
279.
MC
Delete
(17) 36-50. The unique temperaments of children evoke predictable responses
from their caregivers. This best illustrates the ________ of nature
and nurture.
row
Points: 1
plasticity
evolution
interaction CORRECT ANSWER
bipolarity
Edit
280.
MC
Delete
(18) 36-50. People have always responded so positively to Alyssa's good looks
that she has developed a socially confident and outgoing personality.
This best illustrates the:
row
Points: 1
commonality of gender identity and
temperament.
complementarity of gender schemas and
social roles.
interaction of nature and nurture.
CORRECT
ANSWER
reciprocal influence of norms and roles.
Edit
281.
MC
Delete
(19) 36-50. Adopted children raised in the same family are not especially likely to row
have similar personality traits. This most clearly implies that we
should be cautious about attributing personality to:
Points: 1
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genetic predispositions.
parental influences.
CORRECT ANSWER
gender differences.
peer influences.
Edit
282.
MC
Delete
(20) 36-50. An awareness that children's temperaments influence parents' childrearing practices should inhibit our tendency to:
row
Points: 1
emphasize the interaction of nature and
nurture.
assess the heritability of human intelligence.
blame parents for our own
dysfunctional characteristics.
CORRECT
ANSWER
identify cultural differences in child-rearing
practices.
Edit
283.
MC
Delete
(21) 36-50. Dante is healthier than his twin brother because he developed with a
better placental barrier against viruses. This best illustrates the
impact of ________ on development.
row
Points: 1
temperament
gender schemas
early environment
CORRECT ANSWER
genetic predispositions
Edit
284.
MC
Delete
(22) 36-50. In order to prevent teens from smoking, intervention programs for
youth should first pay attention to the impact of ________ on teen
smoking habits.
row
Points: 1
peer influence
CORRECT ANSWER
family environments
genetic predispositions
gender schemas
Edit
285.
MC
Delete
(23) 36-50. It has been suggested that our sensitivity to peer influence is
genetically predisposed because it has facilitated the process of
human mating. This suggestion best illustrates:
row
Points: 1
gender schema theory.
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Freudian psychology.
gender-typing.
an evolutionary perspective. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
286.
MC
Delete
(24) 36-50. Cultural diversity best illustrates our:
row
Points: 1
human temperaments.
gene complexes.
gender identities.
adaptive capacities. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
287.
MC
Delete
(25) 36-50. Frans avoids talking with food in his mouth because other people
think it is crude and inappropriate. This best illustrates the impact
of:
row
Points: 1
roles.
schemas.
stereotypes.
norms.
Edit
288.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(26) 36-50. Studies indicate that ________ prefer more personal space than do
________.
row
Points: 1
North Americans; Latin Americans CORRECT ANSWER
the French; the British
Arabs; Scandinavians
women; men
Edit
289.
MC
Delete
(27) 36-50. Since the 1960s, Americans have experienced a(n) ________ in
rates of depression and a(n) ________ in work hours.
row
Points: 1
increase; decrease
decrease; increase
increase; increase CORRECT ANSWER
decrease; decrease
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Edit
290.
MC
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(28) 36-50. Compared with today's North American parents, many Asian and
African parents are more likely to encourage their children to value:
row
Points: 1
civil rights.
racial equality.
social harmony. CORRECT ANSWER
nonconformity.
self-reliance.
Edit
291.
MC
Delete
(29) 36-50. Compared with Asian parents, North American parents today place
________ emphasis on obedience and ________ emphasis on family
loyalty.
row
Points: 1
more; less
less; more
more; more
less; less
Edit
292.
MC
CORRECT ANSWER
Delete
(30) 36-50. Cross-cultural research on human development indicates that:
row
Points: 1
person-to-person differences within
CORRECT
cultural groups are larger than differences
ANSWER
between groups.
differences among cultural groups largely
reflect genetic differences among racial groups.
gender differences in behavior result from
differences in biology rather than from
differences in life experiences.
developmental processes differ greatly among
individuals raised in different cultures.
Edit
293.
MC
Delete
(31) 36-50. A human egg contains ________ chromosome and a human sperm
contains ________ chromosome.
row
Points: 1
a Y; either an X or a Y
either an X or a Y; an X
an X; either an X or a Y CORRECT ANSWER
either an X or a Y; a Y
Edit
Delete
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294.
MC
(32) 36-50. Prenatal testosterone secretions exert one of their earliest influences
on the development of:
row
Points: 1
gender roles.
sex organs.
CORRECT ANSWER
gender schemas.
sex chromosomes.
Edit
295.
MC
Delete
(33) 36-50. When teased by his older sister, 9-year-old Waldo does not cry
because he has learned that boys are not expected to. Waldo's
behavior best illustrates the importance of:
row
Points: 1
temperament.
gender roles. CORRECT ANSWER
testosterone.
stereotypes.
gender identity.
Edit
296.
MC
Delete
(34) 36-50. On extended visits to foreign countries, you would be most likely to
observe:
row
Points: 1
more men than women in leadership
positions.
CORRECT
ANSWER
women earning approximately the same
amount of money as men.
men and women equally involved in child
care.
men and women equally involved in violent
crime.
Edit
297.
MC
Delete
row
(35) 36-50. Social learning theorists emphasize that:
Points: 1
observation and imitation play a crucial
role in the gender-typing process.
CORRECT
ANSWER
children will exhibit only those gender-typed
behaviors for which they have been directly
rewarded.
children will not learn gender-typed behaviors
if the same-sex parent is absent from the
home.
all of the above are true.
Edit
Delete
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298.
MC
(36) 36-50. Mr. Eskenazi frowns when his son cries but hugs his daughter when
she cries. Mr. Eskenazi's contribution to the gender-typing of his
children would most likely be highlighted by:
row
Points: 1
twin studies.
social learning theorists. CORRECT ANSWER
adoption studies.
evolutionary psychologists.
Edit
299.
MC
Delete
(37) 36-50. Children's tendency to classify behavior and personality traits in
terms of masculine and feminine categories is of most direct
relevance to:
row
Points: 1
Freudian psychology.
behavior genetics.
evolutionary psychology.
gender schema theory. CORRECT ANSWER
Edit
300.
MC
Delete
(38) 36-50. Those who suggest that our choices today shape tomorrow's
possibilities are emphasizing the importance of:
row
Points: 1
behavior genetics.
human responsibility. CORRECT ANSWER
personal space.
natural selection.
Edit
301.
Delete
End of Question Pool - "Chapter 3 Medium"
End of pool to row
Update Points
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