Boulanger The Affair-result of franco-prussian war even though 10+years later Revanchistes-Nationalists=nation above the republic, revenge, re-cooperate Alsace and Lorraine, nationalists from left and right General Georges Ernest Jean-Marie Boulanger- ,,General revenge, 1889 elected representative For Paris Paul deroulede-founded the league of patriots encouraged Boulanger to do a coup de ta and takeover...goes against principles of democratic state-made Boulanger flee to Belgiummaybe fortune teller or mistress..committed suicide or was murdered to look like it. Republicans could no longer turn a blind eye to the danger the nationalists posed to republican principles, French far right separated itself from the rest of the political spectrum The Dreyfus Affair-1894 captain Alfred Dreyfus sent to Devils island for high treason Edward Drumont- "Jewish France: An essay on Cont History", jew=outsider w/ allegiance to $, infiltrated all sectors to take down France-from 1886 on his anti-jewness caught on Maurice Barres- La Patrie Francais "french fatherland", war=sacred duty, "chronicle of the great war" (1915), blood and soil Charles Maurras- french action, 1899 immigrants and jews dont have the instinct, 1896 olympics made weak by increase of jews ^all right wing nationalists (others) anti-dreyfusards Dreyfusard=convinced of his innocence, blood+soil vs liberty equality etc Emile Zola-good guys, Duty to defend republic, pro-dreyfus, letter to france Nationalism and anti-Semitism Jean Jaures-socialist, spoke in favor of dreyfus, made "league of the rights of man" deputy, assassinated because he wanted to negotiate with germany, national event causing WWI Franz Ferdinand-Assassinated, international event causing WWI Henri barbuse-1916 "under fire" awarded the Goncourt?, grim account of the war 1916 war of attrition, kill as many as possible Fadder Chair a canon? Verdun Kubricks frilm placed with barbeuse, idealized notions of war attributed to ,,the bad guys (officers), rehabilitation cleared their names War perceived as denial/shortcoming of principles that built france (p156 The war indicated..) Paul valery p157 Europe in 1914, needed something unifying, limit of modernism Patriotism=last refuge of scoundrel Universalism Socialists CGT-general confederation of workers-Soldiers of liberty, despite differences Raymond poincarre-president-,,sacred union all against the enemy Chalres pe guy- socialist, ready to fight, dies in war fast , poet 1914-1919 WWI 1919 treaty of Versailles 1920s crazy years (jazz age in the USA) 17 mil wounded, 1/6 soldiers didnt come back male 10% pop of france killed, broken mug/disfigured Derniere-la derdes der-last of the last, what they thought this war would be
Versailles-undeservedly hard, not condusive to making WWI the last war, Germany didnt even recognize it they considered it a diktat, France gets back Alsace and Lorraine, RHUR valley-no tanks when it is rearmed=WWII Bourgeois-clean middle class Surrealism-dahli melting clocks Russion revolution-1917 Fascism Artists went to paris and were inspired in adequacy, New Orleans jazz breaks out in paris Josephine baker-banana skirt, penises, prob most famous performer in france, music hall and cinema etc Gertrude stein-writer, humorist, salon in paris (livingroom), gathering place for like-minded people Montparnasse-center of bohemia, neighborhood Ernest Hemingway-went to her salon James Joyces Ulysses 1922 published in paris E.e. cummings and john dos pasos-americans, ambulance drivers in WWI The sun also rises-1926-,,jake made impotent Heavy drinking going on in trenches, drunk and living intensely, cocaine The lost generation-coined by Gertrude stein A moveable feast-1950s hemingway (p173) Paris-cheaper to live in than US Expatriats-left their home p172 The moderns-1988 alan Rudolph, cezanne, modigliane, matisse, impressionism 1860s Post impressionism(cezanne)Cubism Mickey mouse and Charlie chaplin=rise of holywood, Josephine baker movies pop culture not high culture Georges Duhamel-the American menace, novelist, resister of American mechanized culture America mechanized fake culture, new war weapons "America may fall...p176" WWI-bankruptcy of western ideas DADA and surrealism-post war movement, challenged bourgeois ideals, led to free form writing, doesnt want art to be designed for consumption of bourgeois, avant-garde artistic movement, Tristan tzara (p177) Romanian, antiwar, 1918 DADA manifesto, Surrealism-challenges trad. Values, connections not normally made, Andre Breton-french Dadaist, influenced by freud, Dada becomes surrealism-dad stuff filters through surrealism Fountain-marcel Duchamp (urinal) 1917 LHOOQ-moustache mona list marcel Duchamp This is not a pipe-rere Magritte 1928, cunnilingues Advertising posters in the movie, records and piano, not opera Stone=new Americanization Concierge said-remember Verdun before the boxing match Modern-born in 18th century, $ and art, market and critics make it valuable, are can be duplicated, modernist/ism-1920s, early 20th century? Cubism-begins with Picasso-by the 1920s we have art deco-Rockefeller and Jorgensen-1926 deco exibit-merchandise Hearts-painting becomes and advertisement Dadist provocation-hes not a dadaist