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National NCVS- Crime Victim Survey The nation's primary source of information on criminal victimization. Each year, data are obtained from a national sample that measure the frequency, characteristics, and consequences of criminal victimization by such crimes as rape, sexual assault, robbery, assault, theft, household burglary, and motor vehicle theft Career Criminal Persistent repeat offenders who organize their lifestyle around criminality Stare Decisis To stand by decided cases, the legal principle by which the decision or holding in a an earlier case becomes the standard by which subsequent similar cases are judged Mala In se In common law, offenses that are from their own nature evil, immoral, and wrong. Mala in se offenses include murder, theft, and arson Misdemeanor Lower than a felony and is generally punishable by fine or imprisonment otherwise than in a penitentiary i.e. petty larceny, assault and battery, and unlawful possession of weed Mens Rea A guilty mind; the intent to commit a criminal act. Also present when a person's reckless or negligent act produces social harm i.e. drunk driving Entrapment Under the rule of law, a defendant may be excused form criminal liability if he can convince the jury that law enforcement agents used traps, decoys, and deception to induce criminal action. DEA Drug Enforcement Agency- assist local and state authorities in investigating illegal drug use and carrying out independent surveillance and enforcement activities to control the importation of narcotics Crime Mapping Offers police administrators graphic representations of where crimes are occurring in their jurisdiction. Gives the police power the to analyze and correlate a wide array of data to create immediate, detailed visuals of crime patterns Kansas City Patrol Experiment Experiment done during the 1970's in Kansas City Missouri to evaluate the effectiveness of patrol. Divided 15 districts into three groups; 1) retained normal patrol, 2) supplied with two to three times the normal amount of patrol forces, 3) preventative patrol eliminate, only responded when called. Variations had little effect. Proactive Policing An aggressive law enforcement style in which patrol offices take the initiative against crime instead of waiting for criminal acts to occur, Ex. They stop motor vehicles to issue citations and aggressively arrest and detain suspicious persons Broken Windows theory Role of the police as maintainers of community order and safety Blue Curtain The secretive, insulated police culture that isolates officers from the rest of society. Police officers tend to socialize together and think their occupations cut them off from the rest of the world. Watchman Style Characterized by an emphasis on the maintenance of public order as the police goal, not on law enforcement or general service. Racial Profiling is the inclusion of racial or ethnic characteristics in determining whether a person is considered likely to commit a particular type of crime Grass eater A police officer who accepts payoffs when everyday duties place him or her in a position to be solicited by the public Curtilage Grounds or fields attached to a house Exclusionary Rule The principle that prohibits using illegally obtained evidence in a trial. SARA Scanning, Analysis, Response, Assessment

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