9--The Ch. Cytoskeleton: 1. The _________ is a filamentous member of the cytoskeleton. intermediate filaments microtubules a&b
actin a, b & c 2. The hollow tubular structures that functions in the mitotic spindle during cell divisions are __________. microtubules intermediate filaments microfilaments 3. Microtubules can ______________. provide mechanical support maintain the internal organization of cells be used to transport vesicles in long axons help maintain cell shape in plant cell walls all of the above 4. ____________ moves to the plus end of a microtubule. Dynein Kinesin Myosin tubulin actin
Dynactin Centriole 5. The peripheral doublet of the microtubules in the axoneme are made of _________________. 2 incomplete microtubules 2 complete microtubules 2 microtubules in the shape of number 8 one complete microtubule and one partial microtubule 6. _______________ are strong, ropelike fibers that provide mechanical strength to the cells. Intermediate filaments Microtubules Actin Myosin Microfilaments
7. The I band in a sacromers is made up of __________________. actin myosin actin and myosin attachments between two sarcomere 8. The movement of ______________________ in the groove of actin allows for the attachment of myosin heads. dynein calcium ions tropomyosin troponin
kinesin 9. Movement of a cell along a surface is propelled by a protrusion of the cell surface called a _________. flagella lamellipodium stereocilia 10. The H zone of the sarcomere is made up of ______________. actin and myosin myosin attachments between two sarcomeres actin cilia filapodia
11. The splitting of a parent cell into two daughter cells is called ______. meiosis diakinesis cytokinesis cytomegaly mitosis
12. Why is GTP required for the assembly of microtubules? A GTP molecule denatures a tubulin subunit before it can be added. A GTP molecule must be bound to the -tubulin subunit to allow addition of a dimer to the end of a microtubule. GTP serves as a molecular glue holding the subunits together. A GTP molecule must be bound to the -tubulin subunit to allow addition of a dimer to the end of a microtubule.
13. When is the GTP on a tubulin subunit hydrolyzed? just before the tubulin dimer is added to a microtubule as the tubulin dimer is added to a microtubule just before the tubulin dimer is removed from the microtubule never shortly after the tubulin dimer is added to the microtubule Ch. 10-Gene and Genome: 14. DNA is made up of __________ linked by a _________________ bond. ribose; glycosidic nucleotides; phosphodiester amino acids; peptide amino acids; phosphodiester nucleotides; peptide 15. The building blocks of a nucleotide are ___________. a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base a pentose sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base a pentose sugar and a nitrogenous base a pentose sugar and a phosphate group a pentose sugar, a phosphate group and an amino acid 16. What technique supplied the data that led Watson and Crick to the double helical structure of DNA? X-ray diffraction/crystallography autoradiography polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ion exchange chromatography sucrose density centrifugation
17. What happened when Griffith heat-killed injected S bacteria into mice?
The mice lived. Living S bacteria were recovered from the mice. Living R bacteria were recovered from the mice. The mice died. 18. The conversion of a small inoculum of living type II, R strain bacteria into living type I, S bacteria after exposure to heat-killed type I, S bacteria has been called _________. transcription translation transformation transpiration transduction
Ch. 11--Gene Expression & Ch.12--Cell Nucleus: 19. The process of making RNA from DNA is _____________. translation polymerization transcription transformation processivity
20. The ____________ is the area of ribosome production. nucleus cytoplasm nucleoplasm nucleolus endoplasmic reticulum
21. A larger S value for an RNA specifically indicates that the RNA __________. migrates more rapidly through a field of force during SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis migrates less rapidly through a field of force during centrifugation migrates more rapidly through a field of force during gel filtration migrates less rapidly through a field of force during SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis migrates more rapidly through a field of force during centrifugation 22. A transport receptor that moves macromolecules from the cytoplasm to the nucleus is called a(n) ____. exportin importin transportin receptin exhalin
23. What is the name of the proteins that make up the nuclear lamina and of what protein superfamily are they a member? lamins, laminins keratin, intermediate filaments lamins, intermediate filaments 24. In what form do mRNAs and rRNAs usually move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm? as compacted molecules as ribonucleoproteins as linear molecules 25. Scientists often stain chromosomes from mitotic cells and photograph the chromosomes in the microscope. Each chromosome is cut out of the photograph, the chromosomes are matched up in homologous pairs and they are placed in order of decreasing size. These pictures can be used to screen individuals for chromosomal abnormalities, like extra, missing or grossly altered chromosomes. What is such a picture called? eukaryote karyoplan karyotype karyokinesis prokaryote as denatured molecules complexed with lipids keratin, laminins actin, microfilaments
26. ___________ remains compacted during interphase while ___________ returns to the dispersed state. Heterochromatin; euchromatin Euchromatin; heterochromatin Chromatin; chromosomes Chromosomes; chromatin Constitutive heterochromatin; facultative heterochromatin
27. A ________ is the end of a chromosome which allows for complete replication of the chromosome. telomerase sentromere karyotype telomere centrosome
28. Chromatin is formed by the DNA being wrapped around a histone complex by ____________.
interaction with basic amino acids in the histone proteins interaction with acidic amino acids in the histone proteins interaction with neutral amino acids in the histone proteins hydrogen bonds between the DNA and the peptide backbone of the histone proteins
Answers: 1. E 2. A 3. E 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. E 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. D 21. E 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. A