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Definitions |
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drawing of the earth
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map.
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show area correctly.
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Equal- area projection.
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Lithosphere
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Earth's solid, rocky outer layer
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topography
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the shape of the land
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relief
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difference between the highest and lowest parts of an area
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Landform
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feature of Earth's surface (examples: mountains, valley, hill, plain, mesa)
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Globe
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A sphere that represents Earth's entire surface
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Mercator
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A Mercator chart represents the meridians and parallels of latitude as straight lines.
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Symbols
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Pictures used by mapmakers to stand for features on the earth
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degree
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1/360th of the distance around a circle
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Interval
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the difference between two points of different elevations.
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Radar
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a system that uses reflected radio waves to detect objects and measure their distance and speed
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equator
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Latitude is a measurement of distance north or south of what line?
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Scale
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the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it
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mountain
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landform with high elevation and high relief
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show the correct shape of coast lines.
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Mercator projection.
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Longitude
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distance east to west from the Prime Meridian
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All lines of latitude
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are parallel to the equator
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latitude
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distance in degrees north or south of the equator
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contact
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the physical coming together of two or more rock formations
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rock
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the crust is made up of hard material
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Surveying
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The process of gathering data for a map by using instruments and the principles of geometry to determine distance and elevations.
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digitizing
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What is the process by which mapmakers convert the location of map points to numbers?
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Mountain range
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group of mountains that are closely related in shape, structure, and age
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Plain
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A landform made up of flat or gently rolling hills with low relief.
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Contour Line
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a line connecting points with the same elevation on the topographic map
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land form
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a feature of topography formed by the process that shapes earths surface
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Topographic Map
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shows surface features of an area such as mountains, valleys, plains, and plateaus by using contour lines to show changes in elevation
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map projedtion
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What must a mapmaker choose show the continents without distorting their relative shapes & sizes?
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Prime Meridian
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A line that makes a half circle from the north to the south pole.
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key
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a list of all the symbols used on the map with an exploration of their meaning
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map
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a model on a flat surface of all or part of earth's surface
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cylinder, cone, & plane
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map projections are based on three geometric shapes -
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azimuthal projection
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when a piece of paper is set right on top of the globe
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the most common cylindrical projection
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a Mercator is a projection which shows the Earth's latitude and longitude as straight , parallel lines
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geology
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a Scottish physician and farmer develops the principle of uni formation
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measure the distnace in degrees east and west of the prime meridian.
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longitude
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elevation
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the heightt above sea level
example in Rocky Mountains 2200meters above
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plateau
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landform that has high elevation and more or lass level surface
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longitudinal belt of the earth in which all areas have the same local time.
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time zones.
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Prime meridan
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An imaginary line that goes through the North and South poles
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mantle
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the layer of the earth between the crust and the core
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Soil
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material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow
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Contour interval
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the difference in elevation from one contour line to the next
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Globes
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the most accurate model of the Earth and accurately represents the sizes and shapes of the continents and oceans in relation to one another
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Landform region
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A large area of land t=where the topographer is similar
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geologic Map
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Shows where differnt rocks are and how old they are. Also show areas where landslides, rockfalls, flooding, and river deposits tend to occur.
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Mechanical weathering
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The type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces
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Equal area projection map
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Solves distortions and correctly shows relative size of Earth's continents
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conic projection
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a map projection that is made by transferring the contents of the globe onto a cone which is then unrolled to form a flat plane is called a
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Map Projection
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a projection of the globe onto a flat map using a grid of lines of latitude and longitude
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difference between relief and elevation
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elevation refers to distance above sea level, whereas relief refers to the maximum difference in elevation in a region.
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cylindrical, conical, or azimuthal projections
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Equal-area projections can be made by using
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the plane touches the globe at only one point (on an Azimuthal projection)
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little distortion occurs at this point of contact - however, distortion or direction, distance, and shape increases as the distance from the point of contact increases
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