Acids and Bases 29
Complete List of Terms and Definitions for Acids and Bases 29
| Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
| acid | HNO3 |
| pOH | pOH=-log[OH⁻] |
| H3PO4 | Phosphoric Acid |
| HIO3 | weak acid |
| NaOH | sodium hydroxide |
| HI | Strong Acid |
| HCL | hydrochloric acid |
| HClO₄ | Perchloric Acid |
| Acids neutralize... | bases |
| feels slippery | base |
| H2SO4 | Sulfuric Acid S |
| base | pink in phenolphthalein |
| Mg(OH)2 | milk of magnesia |
| Amines | carbon derivatives of NH3 |
| weak bases | ionize only slightly |
| conjugate base of water | OH- |
| PH | (chemistry) p(otential of) H(ydrogen) |
| Lichens | What is litmus made from? |
| Dissociation | (chemistry) the temporary or reversible process in which a molecule or ion is broken down into smaller molecules or ions |
| strong base | separates completely in solution |
| salt | white crystalline form of especially sodium chloride used to season and preserve food |
| Non-Metallic oxides are ... when dissolved in water? | Acidic |
| Acid ions | solution w/ many H+ ions |
| water ionization constant | Kw = 1x10^-14 M^2 |
| titration | a method to determine the concentration of a substance in solution by adding a solution of known volume and concentration until the reaction is completed |
| Ascorbic Acid | Another name for vitamin C. |
| Chemical term use to describe concentration is _____ | Molarity |
| Potassium Hydroxide uses | soap, bleach. fertilizer,, fuel cells |
| indicator | a device for showing the operating condition of some system |
| Conjugate base | species that remains after a Bronsted-Lowry acid has given up a proton. (always -) |
| SOLVATION | when the solvent particles sround the solute particles |
| potency of hydroniums | what does pH stand for? |
| what does pOH + pH = ? | 14 |
| weak acid | acids that partially ionizes, produce fewer ions and less energy |
| give an example of a dangerious acid | Hydrochloric acid |
| Inner Core |
Most dense layer. Made of iron and nickel. Solid because of pressure. |
| carboxylic acid (RCOOH) is | acetic acid and citric acid |
| hydrogen and chlorine | hydrochloric acid is a combination of |
| Properties of acids | all acids contain hydrogen, taste sour, corrosive, release H+ ions in water |
| strong acid | an acid that ionizes completely in aqueous solution. |
| Type of acid in DNA and RNA | nucleic acid |
| What enzyme is responsible for the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid? | carbonic anhydrase |
| hydronium ion | hydrogen ion combines with a water molecule to form a hydronium ion, H3O(+) |
| Acid Base Indicators | substances that change color with changes in acidity or basicity of a solution |
| conjugate acid-base pair | consists of two substances related to each other by the donating and accepting of a single hydrogen ion |
| If no H⁺ is present, then the solution must be... | A base. |
| bronsted-lowry model | an acid is a hydrogen-ion donor; a base is a hydrogen-ion acceptor |
| red; blue | Litmus turns __ when placed in an acidic solution, and __ when put in a basic solution. |
| acid ionization constant | the value of the equilibrium constant expressions for the ionization of a weak acid |
| Reactant | a substance present at the start of a reaction |
| For buffer solutions, pOH= | pKb + log( [salt] / [base] ) |
| Carbon Dioxide | Acid + Carbonate = Salt + Water + ? |
| Titration Curve | a curve obtained by plotting pH as a function of the volume of added titrant |
| What is the equation to find pH? | pH = - log [H⁺] |
| buffer capacity | the amount of acid or base that can be added to a buffer solution before a significant change in pH occurs |
| weak base | in the equation HI + H2O --> H3O + I, HI is a strong acid and I is a |
| pH of a salt solution can be predicted by... | (examining) (or) (comparing) cations and anions of the salt |
| Acid and Metal Reactions That Do Not Give Hydrogen | Copper or Silver + Dilute Acids = Nothing. Concentrated Nitric Acid + Metal = Nitrate + Water + Nitrogen Dioxide Gas. Lead + Dilute Hydrochloric Acid/Dilute Sulphuric Acid = Nothing |