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Definitions |
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Atum
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Creator god
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savannas
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grassy plains
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neolithic
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new stonge age
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Mastabas
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Earliest Egyptian Tombs
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Osiris
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King of the underworld
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Pharaoh
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The ruler of Egypt.
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Pharoh
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A king of ancient Egypt
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ruled in 1500 B.C.E.
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Thutmose III
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Polythesim
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The belief in multible gods.
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middle kingdom
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c. 2040-1786 achievments in literature, arts, and architecture
conquered nubia
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iron
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implement used to brand live stock
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empire
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group of states or terriorties controlled by one ruler
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332
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Greece took over in what year?
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Menes
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King who united all of Egypt
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Hatshepsut
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encouraged trade with other kingdoms, especially Punt
the only female pharaoh
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Charles Lyell
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1833, gradual evolutionary change was the norm according to his book "principles of geology"
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Expedition
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A trip for a specific purpose. (Hatshepsut went on an expedition to Punt for trade purposes)
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Nile River
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the world's longest river (4180 miles)
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Natron
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A mineral often used in the mummification process to embalm the body.
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rosetta stone
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Stone that contained carved messages in hieroglyphics, Greek and demotic. Led to deciphering of hieroglyphics.
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Akhenaten
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Pharaoh who attempted to create the world's first monotheistic religion by shytting down all temples and worshipping only the sun disc, Aten.
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Manetho
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c. 300B.C. Egyptian priest and advisor who began keeping records of the ancient Egyptian kings
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heart
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the body organ that Ancient Egyptians believed was weighed against a geather to determine whether or not they were a good person
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dynasty
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series fo rulers from the same family
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Papyrus
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redd that grows along the Nile River
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Amenhotep IV
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-determined to resist the priesthood of Amon and establish a monolithic faith.
-moved capital from Thebes to El Amarna.
-His god was Aton, the physical disk of the sun, and it was universal and not just Egyptian.
-Changed his name to Akhenaton
-his religious reform proved disastrous in the long run. The Asian possessions fell away and the economy crumbled
-When he died , his successor was put aside and replaced by Tutankhamon who restored the old religion.
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Reasons for studying Egypt
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collecting, text illumination (often biblical), colonial politics/presige (Orwell-he who controls the past controls the present)
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Peasant
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a person who does farmwork for wealthy landowners
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Anubis
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The jackal headed god of embalming. He was the one who led the dead to the weighing of the heart ceremony. A priest dressed as Anubis would perform the "Opening of the Mouth Ceremony" before the mummy was sealed in its tomb.
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pyramid
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a massive memorial with a square base and four triangular sides
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Napata
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A capital of the ancient kingdom of Kush. This city was known for their pyramids in which to bury their kings.
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subcontinent
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large landmass that juts out of a continent (india)
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Tutankhamen
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boy king who ruled Egypt 1347 bc-1338 b.c.
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in situ
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the Latin phrase for leaving an archaelogical discovery as it is found, or "as is." Many archaelogical sites have reconstructions of buildings, where things have not been left as they were found, such as the Jubilee Temple you saw on the riverboat.
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fertile
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Able to sustain life; soil rich in nutrients to foster growth of large quantities of crops, given appropriate rainfall and sunlight.
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amulet
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ornament worn as a charm against evil spirits
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Thutmose III
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Warrior king who extended the empire to its widest limits
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Egyptian Civilization
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a society of people who lived along the Nile River in the northeast corner of Africa from around 3100BCE to 350AD
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linen
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a fabric woven from fibers of the flat plant
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sphinx
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a statue with a human's head and a lion's body
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Low Nile
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years when the fields were dry and there was little food
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When did Egypt begin to be unified?
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Around 5000 BC
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powerful rulers over a unified state
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What is a pharoah?
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embalm
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to prevent the dcay of a dead body by treating it with preservatives; soaking a body in natron and mummifying it embalmed the bodies of Ancient Egyptians. The process took 70 days; burial followed.
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Eye of Horus
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394 CE found a relic of this, magical symbol
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WHAT IS THE SOURCE OF THE BLUE NILE?
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mountains in eastern Africa
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Why would Ancient Egyptians regarded the Nile River as one of their most important gods?
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The Nile gave them life and security
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WHAT WAS THE SOUTH OF EGYPT ISOLATED BY
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6 cataracts of the Nile, Mountains
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What happened around 3500 BC to the nomes during Unification?
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They joined together until there were two large kingdoms
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