| Terms |
Definitions |
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Graham's law
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RateA/RateB=√Mb/√Ma
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density
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(p)(mm) / RT
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gas laws
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mathematical relationship between volume, temperature, pressure, and amount of gas
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compressability
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gas particles are crowded close together to decrease the volume
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effusion
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process by which gas particles pass through a small opening
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Ideal Gas Law
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the relationship PV=nRT, which describes the behavior of an ideal gas
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The combined Gas Law
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Describes the relationship between temperature pressure and volume of an enclosed gas.
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partial pressure
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the contribution each gas in a mixture of gases makes to the total pressure
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Boyle's Law
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For a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas varies inversely with pressure.
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standard temperature and pressure
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1 atm pressure at 0 degrees celsius
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law of combining gas volumes
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The observation that at the same temperature and pressure, volumes of gases combine or decompose in ratios of small whole numbers.
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Graham's Law of Effusion
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States that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the gas's molar mass.
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Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3 (P1 is partial pressure)
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dalton's law formula
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Gay-Lussac's law
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P₁/T₁=P₂/T₂
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combined gas law
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P₁V₁/T₁=P₂V₂/T₂
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kelvin conversion
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273K + ____ celsius
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Pascal (Pa)
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The SI unit for measuring pressure.
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Avogadro's principle
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Statement that at the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of particles.
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newton
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force that will increase the speed of one kilogram mass by one meter per second
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pressure
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the force exerted by a gas per unit surface area of an object
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Know--Lab Rules
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Why is it important to keep the lab clean?
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standard temperature and pressure (STP)
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The set of conditions 0.00 degrees Celsius and 1 atmosphere.
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How does a basketball under HIGH pressure compare to one under LOW pressure?
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There are MORE particles of a gas
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kiloPascal (kPa)
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1000 Pascals.
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Ideal Gas Law Equation
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pv=nrt
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as temperature decreases
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molecules slow down
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Ideal Gas Constant
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has a value of 8.31
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atmosphere
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the pressure required to support 760 mmHg in a mercury barometer at 25 degrees celcius
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Charles's Law
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states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant
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Volume
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What is a measure of the size of a body or region in three dimensional space.
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Graham's Law Equation
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rate of gas A/rate of gas B= the square root of mass B/the square root of mass A
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Dalton's law of partial pressure
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states the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressure of the component gases.
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What does Boyle's law tell us about gas?
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at constant TEMPERATURE, the volume of gas is INVERSELY related to PRESSURE
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Dalton's Law Equation
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Ptotal=P1+P2+P3...
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Torricelli
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man who created barometer
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P1V1=P2V2 (T is constant)
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Boyle's law formula
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DIffusion
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molecules moving from areas of high concentration to low concentration
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boyles law
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if temp remains constant, drop temp ->
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assumptions made about ideal gas law
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all gases are ideal
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kinetic- molecular theory
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idea that particles are in constant motion
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Charle's Law
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law that states the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to the kelvin temp, when pressure is held constant
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Worded Version of Boyle's Law
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the law that states that as the pressure of a gas increases, the volume decreases, and vice versa
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