Complete List of Terms and Definitions for Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms 4

Terms Definitions
What is an orbital? ...
wavelength distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves
Quantum theory describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles
orbital three dimensional region around the nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron
photon quantum of light ("particle" of radiation)
quantum basic unit of electromagnetic energy; characterizes wave properties of electrons
electromagnetic spectrum all the forms of electromagnetic radiation together
Said that heated substances emit light only in specific amounts called "quanta" Planck
Aufbau principle an electron occupies the lowest-energy orbital that can receive it
all the n values are whole, positive numbers
Electron Configuration Notation numbers of electrons are represented by adding a superscript to the sublevel designation
photoelectric effect refers to the emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal
spin quantum number indicates the two fundemental spin states of an electron in an orbital
frequency defined as the number of waves that pass a given point in a specific time, usually one second
Electromagnetic Radiation a form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space
this rule states orbitals of equal energy are occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron Hund's rule
rows 6 and 7 are the inner transition elements/metals
absorption the process of adding energy to an atom in order to move an electron from a lower energy level to a higher energy level
Constructive Interference a type of Intereference where wave crests meet and form one large wave
Noble gas configuration An outer main energy level fully occupied, in most cases, by eight electrons
Magnetic Quantum number M, indicates the orientation of an orbital around the nucleus
angular momentum quantum number indicates the shape of the orbital
the rule explaining that an atomic orbital can hold no more than 2 electrons Pauli exclusion rule
quandum numbers indicate the region occupied by a given orbital by distance, shatpe and orientation
E=hv E is the energy of a quantum of radiation (joules)
v is the frequency of the radiation emitted (sˉ¹)
h is Planck's constant
The main energy level that can hold only two electrons is the 1st energy level
Diffraction the bending of a wave as it passes by the edge of an object of through a small opening
Electromagnetic Radiation (Radiant Energy) a form of energy that travels through space that exhibits wave-like behavior
line emission spectrum a series of bright lines of light of specific wavelengths that are created when the visible light emitted by an excited atom is passed through a prism.
excited state a state in which and atom has a higher potential energy then it has a ground state
the f sublevel has 7 orientations, 7 f orbitals in an f sublevel
What is the modern quantum theory proposed by Einstein? light behaves both like waves and like particles