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Definitions |
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Absolute Brightness
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It's actual brightness
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Observatory
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A building that houses telescopes.
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Ecliptic path
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path of the sun
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Photon
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Individual "pieces" or particles of light
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azmith
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degrees in relation to north (90,180,360)direction around the horizon from due north, measures clockwise in degrees
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Who invented the reflecting telescope?
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Isaac Newton
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Telescope
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A tool that makes distant objects appear closer, because it focuses light.
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Potential energy
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energy stored for later conversion into kinetic energy; includes gravitational, electrical, and chemical energy
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what object makes taking data more easier?
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cameras
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Kepler 1st Law
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Planets move in elliptical orbits
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Visible light
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A type of electromagnetic radiation a human can see.
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Refracting Telescope
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Uses lenses to gather and focus light.
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Energy level
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different energy stages of atom and how electrons lose or gains energy
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what object was invented to orbit around earth?
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A satellite
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What did Planck hypothesize?
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EM radiation (oscillating fields moving at the speed of light) comes in little packets of energy called quanta
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Solar Nebula
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Cloud of gas and dust that forms stars.
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Hubble's Law
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Objects that are further away from us are moving faster away from us.
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Protoplanetary disk
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a disk of material surrounding a young star (protostar) that may eventually form
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what are the disadvantages of refracting telescopes?
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images are upside down.
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Spiral Galaxy
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A galaxy with arms that spiral and has a lot of gas and dust. Has many new stars.
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• Isaac Newton
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3 laws of motions, laws of gravity. All objects move in straight line or are at rest unless acted on by a force, the change in motion is directly proportional to the force and is in the same direction as the force; every action has an opposite and equal reaction.
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what are ways of improving the rsolution and signal of a radio telescope?
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making the picture bigger.
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How does the Nebular Hypothesis explains the differences between the terrestrial and Jovian planets?
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Jovian planets
— large mass and radius, hydrogen, helium & hydrogen compounds, extended atmospheres.
— large separations, rapid rotation rates
Terrestrial Planets
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars:
rocky composition, differentiated structure,relatively low mass, high density, close spacing in inner solar system, few moons, no rings.
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what are the disadvantages of reflecting telescopes?
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part of the image is blocked
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Which of these is not conserved: Momentum, Angular Momentum, Energy?
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All of them are conserved
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According to special relativity what are some of the peculiar effects of traveling at speeds approaching the speed of light
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Time dilation, energy and mass are equivalent, speed of light is the same for everyone, mass increases for moving objects
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which optical telescope is used more often? why?
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reflecting telescopes because they do ot blend light and glass tends to sag, and could have air bubbles in them.
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Match these types of radiation in order of their wavelength (from shortest to longest): visible, gamma ray, radio, x-rays, ultraviolet, infrared
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Gamma Rays, X Rays, Ultraviolet, Visible, Infrared, Radio
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What is the technique of using multiple satellites to improve the angular resolution?
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Interferometry (easiest to do with radio telescopes)
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• What conflicts with Aristotle's view of physics were created by the introduction of the Heliocentric universe?
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? His physics were based on having earth at the center and planets being perfect or circular
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Newton's Second Law of Motion says
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When force is applied, a body's speed or direction or both will change
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What is meant by the term thermal radiation and how does the a thermal spectrum change with temperature?
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The spectrum of radiation produced by an opaque object that depends only on the object's temperature.
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what are the advantages of radio telescopes?
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surface does not have to be smooth, and is affected much less by earth's atmoshpere; it can also be used 24 hours a day.
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Where do comets come from? Where in the solar system are you likely to find asteroids? How do they fit into the picture of the Nebular Hypothesis?
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Comets come from the Kuiper belt and the Oord cloud. And asteroids come from asteroid belts in between Jupiter and mars
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When an electron moves from one state to another it may gain or lose energy. What explains this?
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It either gains or loses energy to make up the difference of energy in the states
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What is the basic principle of quantum physics?
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An electron behaves like a wave but is a particle
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