Complete List of Terms and Definitions for Biostats

Terms Definitions
subjective probability belief
Correlation relationship between 2 variables.ex. Pearson's Correlation Coefficient
Parametric Correlation Pearsons correlation coefficient, Pearson's product moment coefficient
hypothesis test test of significance-standard procedure for testing a claim about a property of a population
Variance variation among measurements avout their average or mean value, even if that mean differs from the true targeted value
n measurements out of 4 choicenominalordinalintervalratiowhich one is... measurement has a true zero point, absence of that variable Ratio
Ordinal data>1 Confounders>2 samples unpaired ANCOVA ranks
Nominal data>1 confounder2 samples unpaired Logistic regression
frequency distribution lists data calues (either individually or by groups of intervals), along with their corresponding frequencies (or counts)
ordinal v. nominal scale ordinal has order
Define Variable Variable – characteristic of an individual population unit (What are we measuring?) example – age, gender, admission diagnosis
Continuous DataNo Confounders>2 samples paired Repeated Measures ANOVA (MCP)
Continuous Data1 Confounder>2 samples paired 2-way repeated ANOVA
bimodal two values occur iwth the same greatest frequency
critical value value that seperates the critical region from the calues of the test statistic that do not lead to rejection of the null hypothesis
q-q plot method to compare two distributions, plots pth qunatiles in each sample
population variance sum of (xi - population mean)^2/n
tendency of data to center about certain numerical values is called ________name 3 that are used commonly central tendencyMeanMedianMode
end of Chap 1...god i want to committee suicide....
Ordinal data1 Confounder2 samples unpaired 2 way ANOVA ranks
midrange measure of the center that is the value midway between the highest and lowest values inthe original data set, found by adding the highest data value to the lowerst data value and then dividing the sum by two
range the difference in a set of data between the maximum and minimum value
type 1 error reject H0 but H0 is true
what is Useful as a measure of variation within a given set of data Standard deviation
lower class limits smallest numbers that can belong to the different classes
odds ratio p/q (where p is probability of event, q=1-p)
Alternated hypothesis note : Statistical testing is always done as an exercise to disprove the null hypothesis n research, an alternate hypothesis, or research hypothesis, is generated which disagrees with the null hypothesis .The alternate hypothesis would be stated: “In patients with CAD, there IS a difference in the cumulative five-year incidence of MIs between patients assigned to take ASA daily and patients assigned to take Med B daily”.
type II error fail to reject H0 and H0 is false
which tailed hypothesis should be chosen? Most authorities advocate a two-tailed approach unless there exists strong evidence that the one-tailed alternative hypothesis could not go in any other direction.
z statistic for a sample mean sample mean - population mean/(std deviation/sqt(n))
Question – a hospital conducts exit surveys from their emergency department, selecting every 10th person who exits the hospital. Is this a random sample? no -- slide 41 chap 1
confidence interval estimation from single population mean where variance is not known x-bar +/- t*sof x-barwhere s of x-bar = s/sqt(n)
slide no 10 chart in chap 11 impt.
 
Decision tree for hypothesis testing 		population SD known ?
if yes: z-score
if no: t-score
That point, or the line in the sand, is most often set at 0.05 and it is know as Alpha (a ). Alpha region: The most commonly accepted alpha criterion is 5%. (0.05)--this might be on test. she repeated 3 times in the powerpoint