Complete List of Terms and Definitions for Blood cells and such

Terms Definitions
Basophils Blue
Very Large
Where are Hemes made? Mitochondria
Plasma Proteins Albumins, Globulins, Fibrinogen
WBC (Abnormality/Result/Symptom) Too Few: Neutropenia/Infections
Too Many: Leukemia/Organ Enlargement
Platelets (Abnormality/Result/Symptom) Too Few: Thrombocytopenia/Bleeding
To Many: Thrombocytosis/Clotting
"Band" form. Younger Neutrophil.
-single, U-chaped nucleus.
Platelet structure contains... Mitochondria
Glycogen
Granules : Alpha contain clotting proteins.(Fibrinogen, PDGF, VWF, Thrombospodin, Fibronectin)
Delta contain energy molecules(ADP, ATP, Ca++, Seratonin) 
Membrane adhesion molecules
Hemophilia B Inherited coagulation disorder that causes increased bleeding.
Factor IX deficiency
What are the lifespan of Platelets? 8-10 days
What do the Basophil granules contain? Heparin
Histamine
What are Monocytes derived from? Granulocyte-Macrophage precursors
Immunoglobins (Abnormality/Result/Symptom) Too Few: Antibody deficiency/Bacterial infections
Too Many: Excess antibody/Viscous plasma
What are the skeletal proteins of RBC? Actin
Spectrin
Abnormal B-Lymphocyte function Autoimmune problems-can be too much.
Impaired immunoglobin production and increase bacterial production.
Function of Neutrophils? KILL BACTERIA
Chemotaxis: crawl and move towards bacteria. Cell sticks to tissue via adhesion molecules.
Phagocytosis: eat bacteria.
Digest: granules contain Proteolytic enzymes needed to kill bacteria. Oxygen radicals are produced by cytoplasmic enzymes.
Neutrophils They stain nuetro to a H&E stain.
About 10-12 micrometers
Nuclei: multiple segments (3-5)
Cytoplasm: pinkish salmon color.
"Polymorphonuclearleukocyte"(PMN) or "seg"
What is Heme? Site located inside of hemoglobin.
Binds to Fe.
Then Oxygen binds to Iron
What is the function of Hemoglobin? Carries Oxygen
RBC's that are too small? ..also not round
microcytosis
(example)iron deficiancy
Bicarbonate Ions Are important in maintaining the osmotic pressure and pH of plasma.
What is the function of Eosinophils? Phagocytose antigen-antibody complexes.
What is the function of B-Lymphocytes Make antibodies(immunoglobins)
Memory cells
Plasma cells(mature version of Lymphocytes)
 
Erythropoietin Controls the rate of red blood cell formation. The kidneys make it. It is also a hormone.
What are the characteristics of Mononuclear Cells (agranulocytes) And what are the two chategories. Single, non-segmented nucleus.
Contain non specific, light purple granules.
-Monocytes
-Lymphocytes B- and T- cells
How big are Monocytes and what % of WBCs do they make up? 9-15micrometers
3-8%
RBC's that are too big? macrocytosis
(example) Vitamin B12 or folic deficiency
may have dots
RBCs that are too light in color Hypochromia
-not enough hemoglobin
-Iron deficiency
-central pallor(whole in donut) is really wide
The average count Ranges from approximately 4 to 6 million cells per micoliter of blood.
RBCs that are too Dark in color Hyperchromia
-reduced cell size increases the concentration of hemoglobin.
-totally round cells.(no donut)
-tells you there is a disease process going on
When will you see increased # of Eosinophils? Allergic conditions
Parasitic conditions
Cancers
Which coagulations aren't made in the Liver? Factor VIII
vWF
Made by megakaryocytes and endothelial cells
How would you recognize and Easinophil at the EM level? Granules contain crystalloid major basic protein. (MBP)
A differential white blood cell count Indicates the percentages of various types of leukocytes.
What are the RBC inclusions? Nucleated: You can tell it is an RBC because the cytoplasm is stained the same color as the surrounding RBCs.
Nuclear Remnant: (Holly Jolly body) left over tiny nucleus. Seen after splenectomy because spleen is supposed to remove these things.
Basophilic Stipling: lead poisoning. Lead blocks production by binding to the spot on the Heme where Fe is supposed to bind. Ribosomes build up on the surface and are stained as a result.
Malaria Parasites