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Definitions |
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Anna Renzi
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operatic diva
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Charles Ives' dates?
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1874-1954
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fantasia
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an instrumental composition resembling an improvisation or lacks a strick form
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ripieno
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large ensemble in the concerto opossite concertino.
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Dissonant Counterpoint
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Counterpoint focused on creating dissonances rather than avoiding them. Ruth Crawford Seeger used this technique in her String Quartet 1931.
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Juxtaposition
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Style trait used by Messiaen. Juxtaposes static ideas.
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Klangfarbenmelodie
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A tone-color-melody. A melody that is divided among several instruments or groups of instruments.
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Stile antico
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imitation of the old contrapuntal style of Palestrina,used especially for church music
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Absolute music
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instrumental, all about the music. musical meaning the words serve the music and not the other way around
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stile brise
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broken or arpeggiated texture in keyboard and lute music in France
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monody
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texture with solo voice and chordal accompaniment,created in the florentine Camerata (basso continuo and solo voice)
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aria
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strophic song that is rhythmic and tuneful resembling a canzonetta
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Chance Operation
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composer uses a procedure involving chance to make compositional decisions. Cage and I ching.
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New Objectivity
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Against Expressionism, sought to make music more understandable to a wider audience. Discussed by Ernst Krenek.
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Musique concrète
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Early electronic music that was comprised exclusively of recorded sounds that have been manipulated. Originated in France with the help of Pierre Schaeffer.
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Opera seria
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18th century genre of Italian opera, on a serious subject but normally with a happy ending,usually with no comic characters and scenes.
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Passion
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the most common type of Historia. A musical setting of one of the biblical accounts of Jesus crucifixion
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concerto
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composition in which one or more solo instruments contrasts with an orchestral ensemble
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Rotational Form
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Used to describe music by Sibelius (seen in 3rd Symphony). Broad, varied recyclings of a thematic pattern within which a seperate idea is created and developed.
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Retrograde
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To write a musical idea in reverse. Especially relevant to serial music where rows are often retrograded.
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ritornello
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in an aria or a similar piece, an instrumental passage that recurs several times like a refrain
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basso ostinato
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a pattern in the bass that repeats while the melodu above it changes
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Louis the XIV
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Absolute monarch of France (all the power in the hands of the king) He used music as political propaganda.
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Golden Mean
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Formula used by Bartok based on a mathematical principle that determines where the climax of a piece should be.
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Darmstadt
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A town in which a music festival has met since World War II. This music festival was the meeting point of many avant-garde composers.
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sacred concerto
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a composition on a sacred text for one or more singers and instrumental accompaniment
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Tone cluster
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A set of pitches that are very close to one another. Most often, the pitches are no more than a half step apart and have fixed registers
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