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Definitions |
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aggregate
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polulation or defined group
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Tertiary prevention
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Continued long-term health care
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agent
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causative factor invading a susceptible host through an envioronmental favorable to produce disease
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risk assessment
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qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the risk posed to human health and/or environment by the actual or potential presence and/or use of specific pollutant.
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Consultant
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One who provides professional advice, services, or information
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Education
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The establishment and arrangement of events to facilitate learning
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Primary care
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The providing of integrated, accessible health care services by clinicians who are accountable for addressing a large majority of personal health care needs, developing a sustained partnership with patients, and practicing in the context of family and community.
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Epidemiologic Triangle
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infectious agent, host, and environment
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disaster
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human-caused or natural event that causes destruction and devastation that cannot be alleviated without assistance.
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database
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collection of gathered and generated data
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contracting
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use of any working agreement, continuously renegotiable and agreed upon by the nurse and client
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accreditation
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a credentialing process used to recognize health care agencies or educational programs for provision of quality services and programs
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problem analysis
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process of identifying problem correlates and interrelationships and substantiating them with relevent data.
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point sources
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stationary locations or fixed facilities from which pollutants are discharged; any single identifiable source of polution (pipe, ditch, ship, factory smokestack)
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public health
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organized efforts designated to fulfill society's interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy
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interdependent
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involvement among different groups or organizations within the community that are mutually reliant upon each other
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community
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people and the relationships that emerge among them as they develop and use in common some agencies and institutions and a physcial environment
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Host
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Human or animal that provides adequate living conditions for any infectious agent.
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Researcher
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Role of a nurse to investigate phenomena related to health
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Learning
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The process of gaining knowledge and skills that lead to behavioral changes
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Occupational health hazards
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Dangerous processes, conditions, or materials within a work environment that can result in harm to an employee
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Long-term evaluation
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Geared toward following and assessing the behavior of an individual, family, community, or population over time.
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Secondary prevention
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Procedures to prevent exposures to blood-borne diseases
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Worksite walk-through
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An assessment of the workplace conducted by the nurse.
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William Rathbone
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A British philanthropist who founded the first district nursing association in Liverpool. With Florence Nightingale, he advocated for district nursing throughout England.
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Epidemiology
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the science that explains the strength of association between exposures and health effects in human populations
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hospice
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PALLIATIVE system of health care for terminally ill people; takes place in the home with direction and supervision of a health professional.
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regulation
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specific statement of law that relates to and clarifies individual pieces of legislation.
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fiscal intermediaries
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insurance companies under contract to the Social Security Administration to pay home care agencies for Medicare-covered services rendered to beneficiaries
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data collection
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the process of acquiring existing information or developing NEWinformation
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data gathering
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the process of obtaining existing, readily available data
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toxicology
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the basic science that studies the health effects associated with chemical exposures
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change parter
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nursing role that facilitates change in client or agnency behavior to more readily achieve goals. This role includes the activities of serving as an enabler-catalyst, teaching prolem solving skills, and activist advocate.
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objectives
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a precise behavioral statement of the achievement that will accomplish partial or total realization of a goal; includes the date by which the achievement is expected to be completed.
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telehealth
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health information sent form one site to another by electronic communication.
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empowerment
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helping peopel acquire the skills and information necessary for informed dicision making and ensuring that they have the authority to make decisions that affect them
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environment
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all of those actors internal and external to the client that constitute the context in which the client lives and that influce and are influenced by the host.
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mitigation
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actions or measures to prevent a disaster from occuring or to reduce the severity of its effects
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Public health nursing
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A specialty of nursing that synthesizes nursing and the science of public health to provide care to populations
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Advanced-practice nursing
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A nurse who holds graduate preparation in a nursing specialty area.
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Managed care organization
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An organization that provides or arranges by contract for specific health care services such as hospital care, outpatient visits, and prescription drugs
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Individualized education plan (IEP)
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Plan to decide educational accommodations for disabled children.
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Humanistic theory
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A theory that describes the influence that feelings, emotions, and personal relationships have on behavior. If people are given free choice, they will do what is best for them.
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Crisis team
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School staff designated to deal with crises at school
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District nursing
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A system in early public health nursing in which a nurse was assigned to each district in a town to provide a wide variety of health services to needy people
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Visiting nurses
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Nurses who provide care wherever the client may call home
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Frontier Nursing Service
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Provides community health services to rural families in KY. Development of outpost centers throughout the mountain areas to provide midwifery and nursing, medical, and dental care.
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monitoring pollutant levels
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periodic or continous surveillance or testing to determine the level of compliance with statutory requirements and/or pollutant levels in various media or in humans, plants, and animals
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permitting
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the first step in the process of controlling pollution. A process by which the gov. places limits on the amount of pollution emitted into the air or water.
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local public health agencies
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the agencies responsible for implementing and enforcing local, state, and federal public health codes and ordinances and providing essential public health programs in a community
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skilled care
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care provided to a client that requries theknowledge and skill of a registered nurse
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Primary health care services
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Both primary and public health services that are designed to meet the basic needs of people in communities at an affordable cost.
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Population-focused practice
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The core of public health, a practice that emphasizes health protection, health promotion, and disease prevention of a population
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Florence Nightingale
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An English nurse who is credited with establishing nursing as a discipline.
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Tertiary health care services
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Services designed to limit the progression of disease or disability
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Community-based nursing
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The provision of acute care and care for chronic health problems to individuals and families in the community
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Community-oriented nursing
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Nursing that has as its primary focus the health care of either the community or a population of individuals, families, and groups.
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Community-oriented primary care (COPC)
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A community-responsive model of health care delivery that integrates both primary care and public health by combining the care of individuals and families with a focus on the community.
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National Health Services Corps
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A commissioned corps for health personnel who provide care in designated underserved areas.
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Case manager
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A school nurse who performs a number of general activities concerning health problems of the children.
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Instructive district nursing
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An early term for visiting nursing; began in Boston, emphasized health education and care to families
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referral source
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an agency or source in the community with whom nurses communicate and to which clients are sent for assistance
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initiaion phase
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the first contact btw the nurse and family. it provides the foundation for an effective therapeutic relationship
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disaster medical assistance teams
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teams of specially trained civilian health care providers who are sent to a disaster
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family crisis
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a situation whereby the demands of the situation exceed the resources and coping capacity of the family
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family nursing
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a specialty area that has a strong theory base and constists of nurses and famililes working together to ensure the success of the family and its members in adapting to responses to health and illness
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in-home phase
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the actual nurse visit to the home that gives the nurse the opportunity to assess the family's neighborhood and community resources , as wewll as the home and family interaction
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delayed stress reaction
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occurs after a distaster and can include exhaustion and inability to adjust to post-disaster routines
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post-visit phase
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after a home visit is concluded, the nurse documents the visit and services provided
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outreach worker
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a health worker who makes a special, focused effort to find people wwith specific health problems for the purpose of increasing their access to health services
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community-oriented practice
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a clinical approach in which the nurse and community join in partnership and work together for healthful change
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Social Learning Theory
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A theory that builds on the principles of behavioral theory by postulating that behavior is a function of an individual’s expectations about the value of an outcome or self-efficacy. If individuals believe that an outcome is desired and attainable, they are more likely to change their behavior to achieve that goal.
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American Public Health Association (APHA)
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National organization founded in 1872 to facilitate interdisciplinary efforts and promote public health.
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Secondary health care services
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Services designed to detect and treat disease in the early acute stage
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Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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Federal agency charged with improving worker health and safety by establishing standards and regulations and by educating workers.
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client outcome
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a change in client health status as a result of care or program implementation
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termination phase
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when the purpose of a home visit has been accomplished, the nurse REVIEWS with the family what has occurred and what has been accomplished. This provides the basis for planning further home visits.
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right to know
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the right of citizens to have direct access to information about issues of the environmental concern such as information on driking water quality, the use of food additives, and chemical use in the workplace and community
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American Nurses Association (ANA)
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A national association for RNs in the US founded in 1896
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recertification in home helath
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in home health care, the review and certification performed at least every 62 days by the health care team; it demonstrates that the client continues to need a specified plan of care
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School Health Policies and Programs Study 2000
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A federally study of CDC-funded school health programs
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reimbursement system for home health
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the process by wwhich home health care agencies receive payment, either by the cleient or three major funding sources: Medicare, medicaid, and third-party funding sources. (ex: BCBS)
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Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
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Branch of the US Public Health Service whose primary responsibility is to propose, coordinate, and evaluate changes in the surveillance of disease in the US.
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