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Definitions |
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asia
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asia
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las especies
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species
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cuerda
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string/ cord /rope
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mantle
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second layer of earth
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Actualism
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Fundamental physical and chemical principles that we observe operating today have operated throughout Earth's history
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Geologist
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Scientist who studies the Earth.
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magma composition and percentages
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-rholite-10% felsic
-andesite-10% intermediate
-basalt-80% mafic
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radioactive decay
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What process forms new elements?
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focus
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The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake
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Lava
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Liquid rock that reaches the surface
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frost wedging
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a process of mecahnical weathering that occurs when water goes through a cycle of freezing and thawing ; the water expands and contracts in the cracks of a rock , eventually breaking the rock apart
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Plate-Tectonics
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The theory that pieces of Earth_tm)s lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.
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rotate
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the spinning of Earth on it's axis
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sediment
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pieces of shells, rocks, soil, sand, and the remains of organisms
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Volcano
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An inverted cone shaped figure that increases the amount of land in an area. The earth quakes and lava bursts that a volcano causes, shape the Earth's land masses
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fossils
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hardened remains of animals and plants that were buried many years ago
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revoultion
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earth's year round orbit around the sun
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Magma
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Melted rock that is found beneath earth's mantle.
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At present China is both the leading producer and consumer of coal, followed by the U.S. in second place.
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true
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Visible light
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We can see these wavelengths. Includes colors of the rainbow from red to violet. Red has the longest wavelengths, violet the shortest.
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vesicles
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holes in lava rock that formed when the lava solidified before bubbles of gas or water could escape
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Volatiles
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Dissolved gases are held in the magma as Volatiles. Solubility of the dissolved gases decreases as the pressure decreases (ie opening a soda bottle) bubbles increase volume, decrease viscosity
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Plate tectonics
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The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion in the theory of ____
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Outer Core
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Second layer from the middle liquid metal layer.
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False
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The first animal in space was a dog
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Strait
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a narrow channel of the sea joining two larger bodies of water
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International Date Line
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an imaginary line drawn north and south through the Pacific Ocean
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Crust
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The outer layer of rock. Avg 35km over continent and 5km over ocean floor
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sedimentary rock
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is a rock that forms overtime as sediment is squeezed and cemented together
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athenoshpere
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layer of the mantle made up of soft rock
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rock cycle
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A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly change rocks from one kind to another.
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what are examples of landforms
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plateau, plain, isthmus, peninsula, core, mantle and crust
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S waves
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A type of seismic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side
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Nitrogen (N2)
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What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere of Earth?
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The four major sphere of Earth are what?
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Geosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere, Hydrosphere
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all the continents were once joined together in a single landmass and have drifted apart
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What was Alfred Wegener's hypothesis about the continents?
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What should a model of the earth look like?
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crust-single line; mantle goes halfway to the center of the earth, core in middle of mantle.
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Semi-Solid
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Mantle
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Continent
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Large land masses.
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interior
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the inside of something
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Inner Core
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Hot, solid material.
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Solid outer layer of earth
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crust
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Thickness of Oceanic Crust
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5-8 KM
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When they are heated, substances become _______ dense
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less
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2250km
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How thick is the outer core?
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When they are cooled, substances become _____ dense.
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more
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RICHTOR SCALE
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SCALE THEY PUT EARTHQUAKES ON
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Liquid rock cools and hardens underground
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Intrusive Rock
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lithosphere
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the solid lower layer of the crust
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Granite
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Rock the typically makes up the continental crust that is less dense
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force that causes thew crust to move
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convections
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WHAT IS SUPPORTED BY THE CRUST
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ALL LIFE
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Destructive Forces
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Forces that slowly wear away mountains and other features on the earths surface
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opposite
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the direction that the inner and outer cores spin
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the oceanic crust is made up of this
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basalt
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Rift valley
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a deep valley forms along divergent boundary
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The inner core is made of this element
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Iron
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The second and largest layer of the Earth.
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Mantle
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increases
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temp. trend as you go deeper into the earth
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7-50km
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How thick is the oceanic crust of the earth?
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Temperature trend as you go deeper in Earth
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Temperature rises
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Field caused by spinning of inner and outer core
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Magnetic field
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vent
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a fissure in the earth's crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt
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Oceanic Crust
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the young, thin crust that is on the ocean floor.
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What creates Earth's Magnetic Field?
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It's formed by the opposite spinning of the Inner and Outer core
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What is the asthenosphere?
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the bottom layer of the mantle that consists of solid rock that shows the characteristics of plasticity 1.exposed to high heat and pressure from core 2.has the ability to flow
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chemical composition of the crust
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a) oceanic crust; less than 10 km in thickness; basalt b) continental crust; over 50 km thick; granite
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Direction of the spin of the inner snd outer core
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The inner core spins clockwise, the outer core spins counter clockwise; opposite
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