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Definitions |
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el candidato
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candidate
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how many houses?
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2
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patent
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a liscened issued
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A Panel of Advisors
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Cabinet
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Self Incrimination
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testifying against oneself
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19th Congressional District Representative
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Randy Neugebauer
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Supreme Court Members
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8 Associative Members
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Acquit
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found not guilty of charge
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self-incrimination
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providing damaging information or testimony against oneself in court
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New Federalism
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Federal- state relationship proposed by Regan administration during the 1980s; hallmark is returning administrative powers to the state governments
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5presidant succession
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secretary of treasury
timothy geithner
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electors
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individuals appointed to represent a state's presidential vote in the electoral college; in practice, voters in presidential elections vote for a slate of electors committed to a particular candidate, rather than voting directly for the candidate
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litigants
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people engaged in a law suit
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Legislative
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Which branch of government declares war?
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incumbent
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person currently holding an elective office
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Expressed Powers
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Constitutional or statutory powers that are expressly provided for by the Constitution or by congressional laws.
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Sovereign
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the supreme and absolute power within its territories and can decide its own foreign and domestic policies.
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Devolution
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political theory of returning power to the states
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containment
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oppose expansion of soviet power in western europe and asia with military, money and political help
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democracy
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government by the people, for the people
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constitutional courts
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Federal courts specifically created by the US Constitution or by Congress pursuant to its authority in Article III
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pork barrel
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federal projects, grants and contracts available to state and local govs
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sovereignty
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the state government can choose its own policies
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bill
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a proposed law presented to a legislative body for consideration
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Cloture
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a procedure that allows each senator to speak only 1 hour on a bill under debate
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Federalist Party
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Alexander Hamilton, favored a strong centralist government, supported chartering a national bank, foreign policy to England, loose constructionists in their interpretation of the constitution. *supporters: bankers, industrialists, Northern land owners and merchants,(social elite), Northeast.
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Framing
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Emphasizes certain aspects of an issue and shapes how we think about and interpret the news.
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Virginia Plan
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Virginia delegate James Madison's plan of government, in which states got a number of representatives in Congress based on their population
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justices
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In most states seven judges (often called this) sit on the supreme court. They have the final word on state law
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Pluralism
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Idea that the aggregation of various interest groups yields a more accurate representation of the public
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Powers not assigned by the constitution to the national goverment but left to the states or to the people, according to the tenth amendment.
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reserved powers
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natural law
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according to John Locke, the most fundamental type of law, which supersedes any law that is made by government. Citizens are born with certain natural rights (including life, liberty, and property that derive from this law and that government cannot take away.
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national debt
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the total deficit from the first presidency down to the present
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Pro Tempore
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individual chosen to preside over the Senate whenever the vice president is unavailable to do so.
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Traditional Economy
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An economic system in which people produce and distribute goods according to customs handed down from generation
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Woodrow Wilson
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28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize
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tenure
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the period of time during which a public official holds office.
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landmark decision
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A legal decision that constitutes a turning point or stage.
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political socialization
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process by which people gain their political attitudes and opinions
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balance of trade
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the relationship between a nations exports and imports
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majority leader
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The elected leader of the party holding a majority of the seats in the House of Representatives or in the Senate. In the House, the subordinate in the party hierarchy to the Speaker.
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Gosplan
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a large agency in the Soviet Union, introduced by Stalin, to run centralized planning
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Presidential primary
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election in which a party's voters choose some or all of a State party organization's delegates to their party's national concention
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caucus
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a group of a like-minded people who meet to select the candidates they will support in an upcoming election
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The compact among the thirteen original colonies t
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Articles of Confederation
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full faith and credit
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addresses the duties that states within the US has to respect the "public acts records, and judicial proceedings" of other states and explains reciprocity in licenses and extradition in crimes
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opportunity costs
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cost of making a choice, measured by the value of the next best alternative
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President Pro Tempore
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member of Senate who presides over Congress if the vice president is not there.
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sponsor
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a member of congress who is willing to introduce and back the legislation
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unemployment rate
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the portion of people in the labor force who are not working
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Chief Executive
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The head of the executive branch of government. In the United States, the president is the head of the executive branch of the federal government.
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Bill of Rights
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The first 10 amendments to the Constitution-guarantees liberties to the people-written in 1789-ratified in 1791
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Articles of Confederation
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plan of government adopted by the Continental Congress after the American Revolution; established a "firm league of friendship" among the States, but allowed few important powers to the central government
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Election of 1796
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The person with the most electoral votes, John Adams, became President and the person with the second most electoral votes, Thomas Jefferson, became Vice President. A problem from this situation was that Adams and Jefferson belonged to different political parties, so political tensions were strong in the Executive Branch. In modern elections, presidential candidates choose their vice presidential candidates to run with them, so the situation in 1796 could not occur.
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absentee voting
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a process by which people can vote without actually going to their polling places on election day
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Regressive Tax
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the tax rate remains the same no matter how much you make or spend
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federal
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pertaining to or of the nature of a union of states under a central government distinct from the individual governments of the separate states:
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town meeting
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a gathering of all the voters of a town to express their opinions and participate in the law-making process
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writ of habeas corpus
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a court order which prevents unjust arrests and imprisonments
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checks and balances
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A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
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commerce and slave trade compromise
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an agreement during the Constitutional Convention protecting slave holders; denied Congress the power to tax the export of goods from any State, and, for 20 years, the power to act on the slave trade
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public opinion polls
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media consultants use these to get the opinion of the public, similar to a focus group.
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separation of powers
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the principle or system of vesting in separate branches the executive, legislative, and judicial powers of a government.
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ex post facto law
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a law applied to an act committed befire its passage
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advisory opinion
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a ruling on a law or action that has not been challenged. Supreme court does not give these.
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gross domestic product
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(GDP) the total value of all goods and services produced domestically by a nation during a year
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The number of electoral votes is determined by
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The number of Senators and Representatives fro me each state.
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Inherited- passed down the family blood lines
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How does the leader of an Absolute Monarchy/Constitutional Monarchy come into power?
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reasons for third party lack of success
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a) voters perceive that votes for such a candidate would be wasted
b) various legal barriers make it hard for third-party candidates to receive government funding.
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