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tomboys
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Kegel exercises
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prolactin
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stimulates milk production
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preadolescence (8-12 years)
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myotonia
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Sustained muscle tone
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Second Trimester
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Weeks 13-24 LMP
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sexual lifestyle
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role in society
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traumatic sexualization
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delayed psychosexual developmentdysfunctional attachment stylesmisuse of sexhigher teen pregnancy
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restraints
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Ropes, scarves, handcuffs, chains-arousal stimulated by vulnerability and trust-have fantasies about being restrained-recognize enormous difference between fantasy and rape
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transition
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Multistage process-cross dressing, assume new gender lifestyle-hormone treatment to create new gender features-surgery to remove old gender features-surgery to create new genitals-create new legal status
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Harris v. McRae
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Hyde amendment
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lactation
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hormonal changes support lactationlow P and E cause release of prolactin from the pituitarystimulation of nipple releases oxytocininhibits FSH and Plack of nursing stops producing milk but may be painful for 3 days until milk is released
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gender mimics
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biologic sex is ego-syntonicgynemimicandromimic
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physical dimension
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phase one of pubertyadrenarchebeginning awareness of sexual desire2+ years earlier than puberty phase 2- onset of gonadarche hormones from gonads and reproduction
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Types of estrogen (1)
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- Estradiol-17β
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matrilocal
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In Pilaga Indian society:After marriage, husband lives with his wife and her family.
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pregnancy-induced hypertension
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Toxemia-bacteria in the blood.
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hymen
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Thin, pliable membrane stretched across vaginal introitus-normally has some type of perforation to allow for passage of menses.-not a reliable test of virginity
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menstrual extraction
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Mechanical extraction of endometrium-aspiration of endo with large syringe-anesthetic unnecessary-may be ineffective due to the tiny size of conceptus
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asymptomatic infection
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An infection without symptoms.
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vaginal ballooning
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upper vagina expands, lengthens
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hustler
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operate similar to female hookers-usually cater to gay males-majority are white, ages 16-29-from underclass, chaotic families, run away, forced out of home due to homophobia-high level of mental illness
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Semen
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liquid from seminal vesicles, nutrients from prostrate gland secretion, millions of sperm, plus drops from cowper's gland
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Menstrual cycle
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The hormone-controlled reproductive cycle in the human female.
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Cervical barriers
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they all use spermicidelifetime failure - 80-100%
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Male Brain
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estradiol (formed from testosterone) suppresses the potential for cyclic hormone production by altering the hypothalamic SDNpotential for menstrual cycle is lost
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Id
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Freud- the part of personality containing the libido
"Do what feels good" without any rationalizations
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malamuth preconditions model
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need to prove masculintiy/heterosexualitymaintain controlanger at women"she wanted it""she owes me""she deserves it"social supportmale dominance structuresmale group bondingvictim is inferior, weakphysically smallervulnerable
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celibate/repressive cultures
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knowledge corruptssuppression of all aspects of sexuality
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abstinent pledge
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80% ultimately break pledgemore effective for young teensmajority of those who use pledge fail to use STI prevention methods
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vaginismus
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Painful, involuntary spasms of PC muscle-prevents penetration of introitus
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cervical dilation
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Contractions of myometrium cause softening and dilation of cervix to 10 centimeters.
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prostaglandins
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Prostaglandins in semen can cause pleasurable or painful contractions in the uterus of female.
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transvestism
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Sexual arousal from wearing, smelling, fondling specific articles of clothing-Stealing thousands of shoes for masturbation
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Skene's gland
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Paraurethral gland-Production of fluid in virtually all women-Location of Grafenburg Spot (G-Spot)
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corpora cavernosa
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Hardens during arousal, causes erection, allows for penetration, attached to pubic bone
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chaste/restrictive
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Limitation of sexuality-Okay in its proper place-usually more limitations for females than for males-sex for married adults-intolerance of same sex relations
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testicles, testes
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Divided into sectors by membranes-produces sex cells, located in the scrotum
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ghotul
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Muria society:Where boys and girls inherit their sexual trainingWhere the boys of the village live
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endometrium
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Rich vascular lining of the uterus-Location of implantation of fertilized ovum-Menses is the monthly shedding of the endometrium
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Myometrium
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Powerful muscle of uterus that contracts during orgasm, menstruation, labor, ovulation due to action of prostaglandins in the muscle
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testosterone
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Sex hormone, secreted by testes, stimulates development of male sex organs
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Vestibule
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enclosed by the labia minorapotential space of the vaginaThree important structures-clitoris-urethral opening-vaginal opening
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Gender roles
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The distinctive behaviors society expects and encourages as members to engage in, according to their sex.
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Consummate love
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Love that encompasses intimacy, passion, and commitment simultaneously.
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Transgendered
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Individuals whose gender identity is in conflict with their biological sex.
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stage 3 labor
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expulsion of the placenta (afterbirth)about 30-60 minutesrisk of bleeding
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adjunct method
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used to select methods of contraception after determining the relative fertility level and degree of protection required to prevent pregnancy with each oital act
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gynemimic
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biologic male, with male core gender identity who mimics female traitsgay malesdrag queen
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homophobia
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hatred of, fear of contamination by persons who love and sexually desire those of the same sexbiggest homophobes got the hardest erections during gay porn
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preeclampsia
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a serious disease of pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, severe edema, and proteinuria
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Urethra
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the tube through which urine passes from the bladder out of the body
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Gender
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The state of being male or female
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egalitarian societies
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rape is violation of victim's rights
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marriage by arrangement
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focus on alliancesmarriage occurs through family negotiationdowries paid by bride's familybride pricecould happen at any time in child's life
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teen sex
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70-80% report some sexual activity with peerbehavior is episodic, infrequent2-4 years progression from kissing to coitusteens overestimate people that are sexual, underestimate people who use condomsmore females than males report deep attachment and desire for marriage
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cohabitation
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Living with a partner, but not married. Men seem most physically satisfied when either never cohabitating, married, or divorced and cohabitating. Trial marriage.
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water-based lubricant
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Best used in the vaginal area
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lapdog
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Enters into a marriae of convenience with wealthy woman to be her escort
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in-call
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Sex takes place at lodging maintained by agency or prostitute's apartment
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serial monogamy
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In Pilaga Indian society:Having one sexual partner
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sodomy
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Anal or oral intercourse, sex toys, non-procreative sex
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herpes simplex virus
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Lesion borne-Viral shedding from lesion-lesions appearance may be delayed for many months-large percentage of individuals show herpes virus antibodies ( Type 1=90%, Type 2=60%) in blood but no symptoms-fever, weakness, headache, muscle soreness, painful urination,-blisters heal and virus goes into state of dormancy (living in nerve endings at base of spine or brain)\-nuisance disease
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epididymis
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Network of tubes collect sperm from the seminiferous tubules-sperm mature, achieve motility, gain partial ability to fertilize ovum.-sperm stored for up to 6 weeks, released just prior to ejaculation-an elongated organ on surface of testes that constitutes beginning of vas deferenes
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levirate system
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In Yolngu Aborigines society:upon the death of the eldest son all the wives and promise girls become married/pledged to the next eldest son.
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cervical cancer
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Virtually all cerv cancer associated with HPV-strain 16 and 18 spread through sexual intercourse-these strains do not cause genital warts-pelvic exam including pap test for abnormal cervical cells and palpation of pelvic organs to detect abnormal growths, biopsy of tissuetreatment=surgical removal of tissue, chemo, radiation
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chorion
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forms the chorionic villi which attach to the endometrium-villi begin to secrete HCG (signals implantation is occurring)-eventually will form umbilical cord and placenta
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erogenous zones
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body regions whose stimulation is sexually exciting
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Postpartum depression (PPD)
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A psychological depressive disorder that begins within four weeks after childbirth.
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Douching
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Washing the internal vagina with a stream of water or any other liquid solution (not usually medically recommended).
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Prurient interest
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An excessive focus on exclusively sexual matters.
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Laparoscopy
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A procedure whereby a viewing scope and surgical instruments are inserted through two very small incisions in the woman's abdomen in order to perform or reverse a tubal ligation.
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Nurse-midwife
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A registered nurse who has completed an accredited midwifery program and has been certified by the state to deliver babies.
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Gender identity disorder
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A strong cross-gender indentification characterized by the desire to be the other sex, combined with persistent discomfort about one's biological sex or culturally prescribed gender role.
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Homosexual
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A person who is attracted romantically and sexually primarily to persons of one's own sex.
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day 20 of cycle
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movement of blastocyst into uterus
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in-between gender
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perceived as mix of male and femaleMuxe, Isthmus Zapotic of Mexico
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androphilia (androphile)
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attracted to those perceived to be male
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interstitial cells
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cells in the testes that manufacture testosterone
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Still birth
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delivery of a dead fetus, especially after the 28th week of gestation
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ingratiating seducers
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engages victim with a believable story before talking about sex
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typical sexual experiences
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sexual needs are undifferentiated from other needsgenital response is pleasurable and enjoyingorgasm is observed but not frequentinitial genital self-stimulation is movements against clothes, beds, etcinfants are annoyed if disrupted during self-stimulation with hands
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legal sexual contact
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penetration of child's vagina, anus, with penis or objecttouching childs genitals or breastsutilizing child in pornography or telling it to touch genitals
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Functions of progesterone (2)
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- Menstrual cycle- Maintains pregnancy
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orgasmic platform
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Swelling of clitoral bulbs, tissues in the vaginal introitus form orgasmic platform
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disposable contraceptive sponge
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3 types of spermicide-better coverage of cervix, more durable materal-sponge is moistened with water, inserted into upper vagina to cover the cervix, pressure against sponge during coitus releases spermicide into cervix and vagina
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primitive gonad
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Weeks 7-9 PF ovotestis change into testis or ovaryMale=SRY gene present, testisFemale=absence of Y gene and/or SNY gene-cortex of ovotestis develops into ovary-autosomes alone complete development of ovary
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vaginal muscles
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Dilate and contract in response to sexual arousal ad anxiety
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refractory period
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If visceral PSNS tone is reestablished the body becomes insensitive to further erotogenic stimulation
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toxic shock sydrome TSS
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Infection characterized by fever, rash, drop in blood pressure.-occurring in menstruating women using high absorbency tampons
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interstitial fluid
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Fluid in spaces between the tissue cells.
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male-to-female transsexual
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Biologic male who develops female core gender identity and expresses female gender traits (with or without genital surgery)
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Endometrial Cancer
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3x more common than cervical cancer but not as fatal symptoms: abnormal bleeding, or pelvic pain. Does not show up on Pap test
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Sex reassignment surgery
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Surgical procedures used to transform an individual from one sex to the other, commonly known as a "sex-change operation."
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Teratogen
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Any agent that has the potential to cause a fetal abnormality.
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Social alienation
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A passive form of aggression that includes behaviors such as malicious gossip, spreading negative rumors, and shunning.
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types of contraception used U.S.
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39% surgical sterilization32% hormonal methods22% barrier methods3% spermicides4% other
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Female external development
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absence of hormones and direction of autosomesvaginal introitus, clitoris, labia resultparaurethral glands develop into Skene's and Bartholin's gland
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Electra Complex
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The sexual attraction of a little girl for her father
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Mullerian ducts
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ducts found in both males and female fetuses; in males they DEGENERATE and in females they develop in the fallopian tubes, the uterus, and upper part of the vagina
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nonconsentual extramarital sexual relations
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25-37% men, 15-29% femaleinequality in marriagemales have more than one affair, females form emotional bond
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male gender differences
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contact comfort is acceptable in the context of genital sexmales are sexually assertivehomophobic
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What is menstruation?
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The sloughing off of the endometrium of the uterus
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HSV Type I (oralis)
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Both types transmittd via coitus, fellatio, cunnilingus, anal stimulation, kissing, or skin contact with lesion-50% recurrence of infectious blisters, during periods of stress.
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cyber sex addiction
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Just sitting down at computer becomes sexually arousing-qualities of internet spur addiction
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toy boy
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Stud service, mostly sex on demand for wealthy woman
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dartos muscles
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Lies beneath the skin of the scrotum, affects heat loss in testes
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Mons Veneris/Mons Pubis
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"Mountain of Venus"pad of fatty tissue covered by skin and pubic hair, cushions women during intercourse, over pubic bone. has pressure receptors so sexually sensitive and excitable
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Human sexuality
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An area of research and study focusing on all aspects of humans as sexual beings.
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Spermicides in order of effectiveness
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kills sperm85% within 2 minutes99% within 15 minutes
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spiral of escalating violence
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each cycle of violence increases and the phases of tension-building and reconciliation shorten35% of victims have daily beatings
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Where is DHT produced? (3)
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- External genitalia- Prostate gland- skin (converted from testosterone)
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autonomic nervous system (ANS)
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The part of the vertebrate nervous system that regulates involuntary action, as of the intestines, heart, and glands, and that is divided into the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.
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Target population
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The entire group of people to which a researcher is attempting to apply a study sample's findings.
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reason they don't report
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only 2% of rapes with known offenders are reported, 21% with strangersvictim doesn't consider rape if there is no coitusnot rape if they are in relasionshipfears retaliationfears humilation, blame, futility
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As the baby grows, physical symptoms begin such as :
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- backache- urinary frequency- fatigue- sleeplessness- Braxton-hicks contractions- Clinical depression
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Vagina is acidic because...
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helps to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria
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Three-dimensional model of sexual problems
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A method of classifying or diagnosing sexual problems according to their duration, context, and frequency.
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When does testosterone peak in men on average?
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Between 2-3am and 10-11 am
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What is the main hormonal action of AMH
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Causes regression of Mullerian duct during male fetal development
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