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Sub-Mycanean
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1100-1050 B.C.
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Protogeometric
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1050- 900 B.C.
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Dipylon oinochoe
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oinochoe: "jug," Diplyon master; another early famous example of the new greek alphabet
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Kerameikos
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Excavation sight; 200 meters of wall was discovered; Piplon and Sacrial gated built 479 bc-Courtyard type;located to the northwest of the Acropolis, which includes an extensive area both within and outside the city walls, on both sides of the Dipylon Gate and by the banks of the Eridanos River. It was the potters' quarter of the city, from which the English word "ceramic" is derived, and was also the site of an important cemetery and numerous funerary sculptures erected along the road out of the city
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Lefkandi
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remains of a building were excavated here between 1981 and 1983; made of mud bricks, cremated male in a bronze amphora (around 40-45 years of age), skeleton of a woman (35-40 years of age) with a pendant (700BC), and four horses
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Ekphora
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Ritual transportation of a corse for burial; a common subject on Geometric pottery; found on the Geometric Krater
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Chalcis
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the chief city of Euboea, North of Lefkandi
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Nestor's Kotyle
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from Pithikoussai is a clay drinking cup that was found in 1954 at excavations in a grave in the ancient Greek site of Pithikoussai on the island of Ischia in Italy.The cup is dated to the Geometric Period (c.750-700 BC) and is believed to have been originally manufactured in Rhodes. The cup bears a three-line inscription that was scratched on its side at a later time, and it was later used as a burial gift for a young boy. The inscription is now famous as being one of the oldest known examples of writing in the Greek alphabet
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Dipylon amphora
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Geometric Period, 750 bc painted by the Diplyon master (real name wasnot found),5ft, probably used as a grave marker, middle ridge is covered by geometric meander; decoration is mathematically precise;ashes were place inside the vessel
vase made in several pieces; most likely took a lot of time
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Euboea
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large island off the east coast of Greece; Lefkandi is located here
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Dipylon Gate
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a gateway to the west of ancient Athens near where the Dipylon Amphora and such has been found
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Herakles and the Molione
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The next target for Herakles' vengeance was Augeias of Elis, who had refused to pay Herakles for cleaning his stables in the fifth labor. When Augeias learned that Herakles was coming with another volunteer army, this time from Arcadia, he appointed his nephews Eurytos and Kteatos to lead the Elean army. These two, who were called the Molionids for their mother Molione, were said to have been born from a single silver egg; their two bodies were somehow joined together. Since the Molionids were the strongest men of the time, Herakles' army was regularly defeated. When a truce was called for the celebration of the third Isthmian games, Herakles ambushed the Molionids on their way to the festival and killed Eurytos or both. Returning to Elis he captured the city and killed Augeias and all his sons except Phyleus. Since Phyleus had earlier supported Herakles in his claim against Augeias and had been thrown out of the country along with him, Herakles now brought him back and made him king of Elis.
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Pyxis
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was used as a cosmetic or trinket box; the lid comes of; Geometric 1, animals and patterns
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toumba Cemetery
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950 BC; There were six graves; found in 1980-1983 by the British School of Archaeology; walls made of stone and mud brick, doorways lined with wood, row of columns lined the building
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Achilles and chiron
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When Achilles was a child, his father brought him to Chiron, the wise Centaur living in Mount Pelion, who educated him and fed him on the inwards of lions and wild swine, the marrows of bears, milk and honey. Achilles became to much for chiron to handle so he begged Achilles mother to take him away.
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Geometric
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900-700 B.C.
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fibulae
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a clasp, buckle or broach
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Lelantine Plain
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fertile land between Eretria and Chalcis, dispute arose between these two in the late 8 century BC
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louterion
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open mouth vessel probably used for bathing
because writing is being reintroduced near late geometric and homer was supposedly alive then this probably had something to do with the mythology...relating to the four couples
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Krater
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grave marker, large WIDE MOUTHED bowl for mixing wine and water
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Temple of Ismenian Apollo at Thebes
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City of Thieves
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Eretria
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on the island of Euboea, helped Athens burn Sardis, south of lefkandi fought against Chalcis for the Lalantine Plain
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Herakles and Pholos
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Heracles' fourth labour;was to capture the Boar. On the way there, Heracles visited Pholus, a kind and hospitable centaur and old friend. Heracles ate with him in his cavern—though the centaur devoured his meat raw—and asked for wine. Pholus had only one jar of wine, a gift from Dionysus to all the centaurs on Mt. Erymanthos. Heracles convinced him to open it, and the smell attracted the other centaurs. They did not understand that wine needs to be tempered with water, became drunk, and attacked. Heracles shot at them with his poisonous arrows, and the centaurs retreated all the way to Chiron's cave.
Pholus was curious why the arrows caused so much death, and picked one up but dropped it, and the arrow stabbed his foot, poisoning him.
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Tripod
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iron came in from Cyrus; three legs which are most often decoration, handles may have figures, late 10th century BC
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Prosthesis
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The lying in state and ritual mourning of a deceased person; common subject among Geometric Pottery...Diployn Amphora
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Horse Pyxis
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pyxis with horses on the lid, Geometric period
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xeropolis
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area that was the old Eratia that was forced to uproot and move further away from Chalcis; has the toumba cemetery
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Herakles and the hydra
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Bronze fibulae; Slide 29; realizing that he could not defeat the Hydra by cutting off her heads, Heracles called on his nephew Iolaus for help. His nephew then came upon the idea of using a blazing firebrand to scorch the neck stumps after each decapitation. Heracles cut off each head and Iolaus cauterized the open stumps. Seeing that Heracles was winning the struggle, Hera sent a large crab to distract him. He crushed it under his mighty foot. Its one immortal head was cut off with a golden sword given to him by Athena. Heracles placed under a great rock on the sacred way between Lerna and Elaius and dipped his arrows in the Hydra's poisonous blood, and so his second task was complete
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Theseus and Ariadne
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Possibly one of the four scenes depicted on the Louterion; Theseus volunteered to slay the Minotaur; Theseus was stripped of his weapons;On his arrival in Crete, King Minos' daughter Ariadne, out of love for Theseus, gave him a ball of string so he could find his way out. That night, Ariadne escorted Theseus to the Labyrinth, and Theseus promised that if he returned from the Labyrinth he would take Ariadne with him. As soon as Theseus entered the Labyrinth, he tied one end of the ball of string to the door post and brandished his sword which he had kept hidden from the guards inside his tunic. After decapitating the beast, Theseus used the string to escape the Labyrinth and managed to escape with Ariadne; On the return journey Theseus abandoned Ariadne on the island of Naxos.
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Jason and Madea
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possibly one of the four scenes depicted on the Louterion; Madea, after falling in love with Jason, helps him to accomplish three tasks in order to get the golden fleece, he did each tasks and received the golden fleece; then he sailed away with Madea
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Temple of Apollo at Dreros
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porch in front of the rectangular central room; harths ((firepit)) with columns that remind you of the Mycanean...alter of the three gods
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Paris and Helen
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one of four scenes that may be located on the Geometric Louterion; Paris had to choose between Aphrodite and two other women; he choose Aphrodite who bribed him by giving him the most beautiful women in the world...Helen; went away to capture helen and take her from her husband King Menaleus; so he raided the kings house and took helen away, thus the two figures entering the boat
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