| Terms |
Definitions |
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jellyfish
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medusa
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shallow
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Not deep.
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Current
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A flow of water
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Indian Ocean
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South of Asia
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Desalination processes
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-Remove salt from seawater
-Distillation- most common process
Electrolysis
Reverse osmosis
Freeze separation
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sponges
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the most primative true animals
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nutrients
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substances needed by organisms to carry out life process
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Ocean Current
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A mass of moving water
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ISWR is constantly being...
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absorbed and intercepted
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tidal, win, thermohaline
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3 types of currents
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thermocline
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water temperature drops with increased depth faster than the other 2 zones
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Westerlies
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blow from SW in Northern Hemisphere and NW in Southern hemisphere
push North Atlantic drift eastward
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cont. 2
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Continental slope
Marks the seaward edge of the continental shelf
Relatively steep structure
Boundary between continental crust and oceanic crust
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Ocean Trench
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deepest area of the ocean floor
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Turbidity Current
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a fast moving underwater landslide caused by sudden collapse of sediment built up along the continental slope
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phytoplankton
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microscopic plants in the ocean that provide food to many of the ocean's organisms
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Upwelling
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process in which surface water moves farther out into the ocean and deep water moves upward to replace the surface water
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dinoflagellates
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Group of protists that form "blooms", can be toxic. make up phytoplankton and can be bioluminescent. They generally have two flagella, half are heterotrophic and the other half are photosynthetic, many species are luminescent
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HMS challenger
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changed the course of scientific history.
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EVAPORATION
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THE PROCESS IN WHICH A LIQUID
CHANGES TO A GAS
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fetch
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the distance over the water that the wind blows
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spring tides
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tides during full moons and new moons
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Ocean
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one of seven large bodies of salt water that cover about 70% of the Earth's surface
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Rogue Waves
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however, can sink even the largest ships.
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wave
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a swell of water that moves energy from one part of the ocean to another
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plankton
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..., the aggregate of small plant and animal organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water
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Slope
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The true edge of the continent is marked by the continental (blank).
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salinity
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the measure of the amount of dissolved salts in seawater
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continental shelf
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the ocean floor of the shore zone
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Much research in the Arctic polar ocean presently focus on
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thermohaline circulation
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Echo sounder (sonar)
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- invented in the 1920s
- Primary instrument for measuring depth
- reflects sound from ocean floor
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H20 Molecule
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-One hydrogen H and two oxygens O atoms bonded by sharing electrons
- Both H atoms on same side of O atom
- Dipolar
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Shore
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the area where the ocean and the land meet and interact
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Twilight Zone
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Capa En La Que Da Poco El Sol
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Continental Slope
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A steep incline leading down from the edge of the continental shelf
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El Nino Impacts
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Drought in India/ Australia, Floods in South America
Impact Pacific NW Weather
La Nina impact opposite
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Long lines of sea weed floating on the surface of the ocean from movement of water in spirals result from:
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Lengmuir circulation
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continental rise
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a raised wedge or sediment at the base of the continental slope
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Ocean currents
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the steady flow of ocean water in a prevailing direction
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recent methods for measuring bathymetry
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sonar systems - using soundwaves from bottom of boat
multi beam echosounders on the bottom of boat
now use satellites
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Global warming and changing sea level
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-About 0.6C (1.1F) warmer over last 130 years
-Sea level rose 10-15 cm (4-10in) over past 100 years
-If global warming continues, higher sea level
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The metal deposits in the gulf of California and the Red Zone are the result of
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minerals dissolved in water from diverging crust by hydrothermal water
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What is the bottom layer of the ocean? How deep? Temperature? Percent of total?
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Deep layer 1000-4000 feet on average 5-2 degrees C 80% of total. No plants in the deep ocean consume carbon dioxide so there is an accumulation of CO2 in the deep layer. APHOTIC - NO LIGHT
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