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thrift
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economical management
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please state your name
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PLAURN
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impediment
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obstruction, hindrance or obstacle
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When defining error, X=?
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Observed score
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happenstance
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a chance happening or event.
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Descriptive Statistics
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Numerical analysis that summarizes quantitive information about a population
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Data
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the facts and figures collected, analyzed, and sumarized for presentation and interpretation.
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STATISTICS 2 MAJOR BRANCHES:
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Descriptive and inferential
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guile
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insidious cunning in attaining a goal
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liability
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debts or pecuniary obligations as opposed to assets; something disadvantageous
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Spread
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Tightly clustered or spread out (include range of data)
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Random numbers
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Hard to generate; several internet sites offer an unlimited supply of equally likely values
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Four types of Data
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"empirical, observational, archival, anecdotal"
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PROBABILITY SAMPLE
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involves selecting members from a population in such a way that each member has a known (but not necessarily the same) chance of being selected.
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outlier
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data point that is distinctly separate from the rest of the data
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gush
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flow out or issue suddenly, copiously, or forcibly, as a fluid from confinement
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principal
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first or highest in rank, importance, value
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test statistic
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statistic used to test a hypothesis
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Experiment
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Imposes a treatment on individuals or groups in order to try and influence the response
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experimental condition
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the condition of an experiment that exposes participants to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable.
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Observation
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the set of measurments obtained for a particular element
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If a camera has 6,000,000 pixels on its CCD it would have how many megapixels?
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6
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data collected at the same or approximately the same point in time.
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cross-sectional data
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skiff
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any of various types of boats small enough for sailing or rowing by one person
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aggravate
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to make more severe or intensify; to annoy or irritate
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random error
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error that has a random distribution and can be attributed to chance
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Residual Plot
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A scatterplot of the residuals against the explanatory variable. This plot helps us assess how well a regression line fits the data. If the points are evently distributed around 0, then chances are your data fits a linear model, were normally distributed,
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Cohort-sequential study
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a cross section of the population is chosen for study and then each cohort (personn) is followed for a short period of time
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Sampling (selection) techniques:1) selecting units of individuals rather than individuals2) every member of population has equal chance of being in sample3) dividing population into groups (acc to similar characteristics) and randomly s
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1) cluster sampling2) simple random sampling3) stratified random sampling4) cluster sampling
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The stability of data recorded by one individual across two or more trials is know as?
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Intrarater reliability
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bar chart
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this is a means of representing the results obtained from and experiment by means of rectangles.
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matched pair design
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compare two treatments applied to the same patient
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Logistic regression VS.
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1. prediction of one outcome variable (Y) from one or more than one predictor variables (X). 2. Y is a dichotomous (binary) variable.
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reserved powers include(hint 3 answes)
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1. marriage and devorce laws2. regulate education3. conduct elections
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Random assignment of sample
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1. assigns subjects from sample to independent variables. 2. establishes internal validity.
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Explain the Bell Curve.
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Bell Curve: See p. 31 for picture, fig. 2.3 -- These numerical operations are used by all test instructors. When 100 is the most often IQ score. SD = 15, then 115 is one standard deviation above the mean. This is all based on the Bell shaped curve. The middle is the mean. If we add the sliced sections to the right it will be labeled +1, +2, +3, and to the left is -1, -2, -3 etc. If the SD is 15, then you add or subtract the SD from the score of 100 to determine your clients score. Because of the concept of the Bell Curve, the mean is 15, however, in personality it is 50. The key word is deviates. How a person deviates from the norm.
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Density Curve
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A curve that is always on or above the horizontal axis and has area exactly 1 underneath it. Describes the overall pattern of a distribution. Represents the whole population(mean and standard deviation are the greek letters μ and σ)
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This test is used with ordinal data when doing one comparison between two groups in a matched sample.
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Wilcox matched-pairs signed ranks test
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This test is used with continuous data when doing more than one comparison between more than two groups in a matched sample.
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F-test for analysis of variance followed by pair-wise comparison
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one-way ANOVA1) how many IV's2) # & type of groups for IV3) measurement scale
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IV = 1; 2 or more independent groupsDV = 1; interval or ratio data
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