| Terms |
Definitions |
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Mesoamerica
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Hearth of tomato
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Agribusiness
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Commercial agriculture characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations.
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North America
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"world's bread basket"
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Eurasia
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Hearth of the cow
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McCormick reaper
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1830s-________________ __________ cut wheat
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Pastoralism
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another name for Pastoral Nomadism
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Sawah
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A flooded field for growing rice.
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Hull
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The outer covering of a seed.
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Commercial agriculture
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Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm.
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wheat
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_________=one of the most important grain crops and the world's leading export crop
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service sector
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another word for tertiary sector
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Mediterranean Agriculture
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located in Mediterranean climates; crops grown for human consumption; focus on horticulture and tree crops
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biotechnology
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using organisms to improve other organisms
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Seed agriculture
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Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds.
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Pastoral nomadism
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A form of subisistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals.
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monoculture
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growing one crop over a large area
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ecumene
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areas of Earth's surface that have been permanently settled (the inhabited world)
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truck farming
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synonym for Commercial Gardening and Fruit Farming
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Angus and Hereford
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two cows we use now
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Plantation
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A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale, usually to a more developed country
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Vegetative Planting
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Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants
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Thresh
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To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it.
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Crop rotation
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The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.
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Crop
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grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season
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Plantation Farming
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practiced in sub/tropic LDCs but owned by MNCs in MDCs
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salinization, monocropping, homogenization, top, capital, pests, run, some, mechanization, MNCs
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Negetive consequences of the Green Revolution: ___________, _____________/_______________ of crops, _____ soil loss, ___________ intensive, super _______, ____ off, four main crops can't be grown in ______ places, _______________ decreased need for workers, makes periphery more dependent on _____
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Mediterranean Sea, California, Central Chile, South Africa, South West Australia
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location of Mediterranean climates
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Dakotas, Montana, Canada
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Where is the spring wheat belt?
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Grain Farming
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grown for sale to manufacturers; not always for "immediate" consumption by humans and livestock
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Milkshed
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The area surrounding a city in which milk is supplied
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Winter Wheat
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Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early Summer
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Wet rice
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Rice planted on dryland in a nursery, then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth.
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Intensive subsistence agriculture
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A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximim feasible yield from parcel of land.
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primary sector
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the group of jobs that extract raw materials from Earth
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import; debt; money
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developed countries with one cash crop (plantation): forces periphery countries to _______ food-huge _____; must rely on world demand for _________
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First Agricultural Revolution
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occured 10-12,000 years ago during the Holocene
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ASSets
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What did the New World lack that the Old World had?
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late 16th century-19th century
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when the 2nd Agricultural Revolution took place
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subsistence farming
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type of farming where farmers grow for personal use/consumption
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Shifting Cultivation
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A form of subsistence farming in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period
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mixed crop and livestock farming, dairy farming, grain farming, livestock ranching, Mediterranean Agriculture, commercial gardening and fruit farming, plantation farming
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Types of Commercial Farming (7)
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land, transportation, soil, climate, social
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assumptions the von Thünen model make: uniformity of _____; no obstacles to ______________; _____ and _________ the same; _________ factors
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quaternary sector and quinary sector
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two sub sections of the service sector
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root crop, rest crop, winter cereal, spring cereal
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18th Century-4 field system, need for _____ ______, _____ _______, ______ ______, and ______ ______
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