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Definitions |
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Spain
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Francisco Franco
Fascism
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Heinrich Himmler
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...
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Embargo
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Cut off trade
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Where Hirohito/Tojo attacking
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Asia
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reparations
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payment for war damages
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d-day
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nermandy. operation overload 1944
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Hideki Tojo
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planned pearl harbor
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Axis Powers
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Germany, Italy, Japan
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Neutral
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Non-involvement, Staying out of Situation
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Desert Fox
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German General Rommels's nickname
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Paratroopers
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mission:
1. cut raillines
2. secure bridges and roads
Were both successful and not
Failings- weather, 3 in 4 died
Success- got mission completed
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WAAC
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Womens Ausxilary Army Corps-women served in non combat positions(nurses, pilots) eventually same benefits as men
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December 7,1941
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Attack on Pearl Harbor
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Fascism
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nationalism, totalitarian, one party, autarky, military strength
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Blitzkrieg
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"Lightning War", this was Hitler's style of war using a combination of tanks and aircraft.
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Appeasement
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policy by which Czechoslovakia, Great Britain and France agreed to Germany's annexation of the Sudetenland in agreement for not taking any additional Czech territory.
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Where was this Japanese Admiral educated?
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Harvard
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When did Hitler come to power?
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1933
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Containment
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a policy of creating strategic alliances in order to check the expansion of a hostile power or ideology to force peaceful negotiations
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New Deal
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President Franklin D. Roosevelt's program of government reform after the Depression; large public works projects heled to provide jobs for the unemployed; new government agencies gave financial help to businesses and farms; public money was spent on welfare and relief programs; reformed American economic system
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Blitzkreig
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"Lighting Wars" type of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939
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Allied Powers
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Great Britain, France,Russia, and later the U.S.
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Sudetenland
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Hitler claimed that this German inhabited Czechoslovakian area was the last territorial claim he had on Europe
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kamikazes
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Japanese pilots who loaded their planes with explosives and deliberately crashed into Allied ships, sacrificing their own lives in the process; used for the first time in the Battle of Leyte Gulf
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What was the Allies first land invasion in the Pacific?
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Guadalcanal
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Mein Kampf
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Translated: "My Struggle" Hitler wrote this book while in prison.
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genocide
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deliberate mass murder of a certain racial, political, or cultural group
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yalta
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When FDR, Churchill, and Stalin meet; they agreed to wage war on Japan, to divide Germany into 4 equal parts, on the big 5's veto, and to hold free elections for the liberated countries
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nationalism
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love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it
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hiroshima
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first atomic bomb called little boy was dropped here
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the truman document
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the document that fighted commuism
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Meritocracy
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a social system that gives the greatest power and highest social positions to people with the most ability
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Stalin
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Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)
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munich conference
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1938 conference at which European leaders attempted to appease Hitler by turning over the Sudetenland to him in exchange for promise that Germany would not expand Germany's territory any further.
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Rome-Berlin Axis
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Hitler forms military pact with Italy
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Nazi-Soviet Pact
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Non-aggression pact beween Soviet & Germany
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soviet
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an elected governmental council in a Communist country (especially one that is a member of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)
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What was the German Air Corps called?
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Luftwaffe
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gudalcanal
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first U.S. land victory over Japanese in 1943, prevent from japan using as airstrip
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The Weimar Republic
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The parliamentary republic established in 1919 in Germany to replace the imperial form of government with a Kaiser. It was named after Weimar, the city where the constitutional assembly took place. Because Germany had no tradition of a democratic government, the Republic failed to have legitimacy and didn't work efficiently.
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Stalingrad
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Decisive battle in German invasion of Russia, the Germans were surrounded and systemically destroyed
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Non Agression Pact
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Nazi Germany/Soviet Union: promise not to attack eachother
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League of Nations
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Created to prevent wars from starting
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Maginot Line
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a fortification built before World War II to protect France's eastern border
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Isolationists
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People who wanted the United States to stay out of world affairs
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battle of midway
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June 1942. Japan planning another Pearl Harbor attack. Americans stop Japanese at there. Sink 4 Japanese aircraft carriers. Turning point of Pacific war
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armistice
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a state of peace agreed to between opponents so they can discuss peace terms
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Bataan Death March
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Japanese forced about 60,000 of americans and philippines to march 100 miles with little food and water, most died or were killed on the way
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Churchill
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Said: "Never before in the field of human conflict, was so much owed by so many, to so few."
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Okinawa
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a campaign in the closing days of World War II in the Pacific (April to June 1945)
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War Production Board
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helped factories shift from making consumer goods to making guns, ships, aircraft and other war materials during WW II
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Germany
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Country that surrenders at the end of WWI
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James Farmer
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Civil rights leader who founded the Congress of Racial Equality
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Holocaust
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systematic murder by the Nazis of Jews and others who were considerable undesirable
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Benito Mussolini
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head of the Italian Fascist party. Mussolini was known as El Duce and was leader of Italy, the first Fascist regime, during World War II.
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Nuremberg Laws
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(1934) Laws inacted in Germany that identified the Jewish race. Took away their citizenship prevented from owning buisnesses . Had to wear star of Davis on there wrist
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conscription
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drafting of civilians to serve in the army
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Bracero Program
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a program that gave poor Mexican workers the chance to work temporarily in the United States
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Scopes Trial
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1925, the trial that pitted the teaching of Darwin's theory of evolution against teaching Bible creationism
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Eva Bran
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Hitlers girlfriend, she was stuck in a bad place, when Hitler began to mass murder Jews
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Rhineland
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With the lack of action by the League of Nations, Germany set its sights on conquering the ______________.
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December 7, 1941
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The Japanese launched their attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor in the Hawaiian Islands.
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August 9, 1945
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Fat Man (atomic bomb) dropped on Nagasaki
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island hopping
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american strategy to get to japan by only going on necessary islands instead of all
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George Patton
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Known as "Old Blood and Guts,"he was one of the most colorful generals of World War II. During World War II he served in North Africa and Sicily before becoming the commander of the Third Army.
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werner von braun
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a german rocket enginer who first worked for the nazi party designing rocket based weapons and moved to the US afte rthe war without consquence, dspite having used slave labor in his programs. in the us he was an integral part in the development o NASA's saturn rocket
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Final Solution
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name given to the German goal of killing all European Jews.
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Enola Gay
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the name of the American B-29 bomber, piloted by Col. Paul Tibbets, Jr., that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, on Aug. 6, 1945.
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when germany surrenders, it is also caleld
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VE day 1945
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Kamikaze
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a member of a special corps in the Japanese air force charged with the suicidal mission of crashing an aircraft laden with explosives into an enemy target, esp. a warship.
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Nazi- Soviet Non-Agression Pact
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An agreement between Germany (Hitler) and the Soviet Union (Stalin) not to go to war against each other- Hitler wanted to avoid a 2 Front war, Stalin needed time to build up his forces
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allies (both groups (2))
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(US, Great Britain, France, USSR) (Italy, Japan, Germany)
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Franklin Delano Roosevelt
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President 1933-45, took us out of the depression and into WWII, the new deal
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What did Monroe Doctrine state?
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Future conizaltion by any European power and stop Europe from taking land
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Eva Braun
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A minor movie star in the 1930s, Eva Braun became Hitler's mistress and married him the day before they committed suicide in the underground bunker at the end of WWII.
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Invasion of the Balkans
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Those countries that refused to join Hitler were attacked; Hitler needed this land in order to build military bases for his future invasion of the Soviet Union
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Death Camps
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camps used under the rule of Hitler in Nazi Germany for the purpose of killing prisoners immediately.
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Spanish Civil War
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In 1936 a rebellion erupted in Spain after a coalition of Republicans, Socialists, and Communists was elected. General Francisco Franco led the rebellion. The revolt quickly became a civil war. The Soviet Union provided arms and advisers to the government forces while Germany and Italy sent tanks, airplanes, and soldiers to help Franco.
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Soviet Attack: June 1944
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the marines fought in this battle, this area was flat enough for an air base
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Admiral Yamamoto
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Japanese man who was in charge of the bombing of Pearl Harbor
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V-E Day
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May 8, 1945; The name of the day which ended World War II
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Battle of the Coral Sea
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major naval battle in the Pacific Theater. The battle was the first fleet action in which aircraft carriers engaged each other. It was also the first naval battle in history in which neither side's ships sighted or fired directly upon the other. In an attempt to strengthen their defensive positioning for their empire in the South Pacific, Imperial Japanese forces decided to invade and occupy Port Moresby in New Guinea and Tulagi in the southeastern Solomon Islands. Both sides suffered heavy losses in aircraft and carriers damaged or sunk, and the two fleets disengaged and retired from the battle area.
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Cash and carry
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1934: a law was passed that made it illegal for the U.S. to lend money or military supplies to any belligerent nations.
1939: passed by the congress
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The fall of France
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The French were told by a spy that Germany was going to re-due the Schlifen Plan, as France lined up their troops to fight along the Belgium border they saw some German troops but it really was a decoy because Germany's real plan was to go to Ardennes
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bc of teh good neighbor policy the us repealed..
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the platt amendment fron cuba
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Why was the attack of the Lusitania considered to be bad or playing dirty?
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The Lusitania was a civilian passenger boat and civilians were not considered to be soldiers
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Aryans
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...
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arms race
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...
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Emperor Hirohito
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Japan's emperor
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The D-Day Invasion
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...
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operation avalanche
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invasion of italy
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hitlers rise to power
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who:
what:
when:
where:
sig:
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haile selassie
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ousted ethiopian emporer
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Bockscar
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plane that dropped Fat Man
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Dietrich Bonhoeffer
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attempted to assassinate Hitler
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Nisei
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American-born children of Japanese immigrants; second generation Japanese Americans.
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Totalitarianism
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result of economic, political, or social instability; had single party dictatorship; used police terror; either facist (Germany and Italy) or communist (Soviet Russia)
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Poland
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More Jews were exterminated in ________than any other country in Europe
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Hirohito
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japan, military control, wanted to expand japanese empire over asia for natural resources
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Yamamoto
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Japanese admiral who planned the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 (1884-1943)
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communism
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single-party political system in which the governemnt controls and plans the economy with the goal of common ownership of all property.
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five beach code names
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utah,ohmaha,gold,juno and sword
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Weapon used to eliminate Japanese soldiers in bunkers
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Flamethrower
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Which country passed the lend lease act?
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US
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Internment
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Japanese Am. (Nisei) sent to detention centers(worse Am. move)
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A Philip Randolph
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started fair employment Practices Commission - no discrimination in the workforce
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De gaulle
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president of france brought back during the Algeria crisis. Gave Algeria their independence and was trusted. Head of the 5th republic in france, which had an especially strong president for a parliamentary democracy. Republic + strong leader. Student / worker demonstrations ended up leading to the collapse of his government.
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Yalta Conference
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Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin made plans for ending the war and for the future of Europe.
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Refugee
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A person who flees for safety, espcially to a foregn country
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Bernard Montgomery
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Allied General During the Northern Africa campaign
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Swastika
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used as a symbol for Hitler, represented well-being then turned into a symbol of violence
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Vichy
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government in France that allied with Axis powers for industrial purposes from July 1940 to August 1944.
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Isolationism
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a policy of avoiding political or military involvement with other countries
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Germans trapped how many british and French soilders?
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400,000
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Island-hopping
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Allies attacked islands held by the Japanese in the Pacific Ocean. The capture of each successive island from the Japanese brought Japan closer to an invasion
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Japanese Internment
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Carried out through Executive Order 9066, which took many Japanese families away from their homes and into internment camp. Motivated (somewhat) by racisim and fear of spies
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Joseph Stalin
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leader of the soviet union, communist, placed people who opposed him in concentration camps
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True or false.
women became part of the armed force during WW II?
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True
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Coral Sea
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victory here allowed Allies to keep Austria
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Nazi Party
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German political party joined by Adolf Hitler, emphasizing nationalism, racism, and war. When Hitler became chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Nazi Party became the only legal party and an instrument of Hitler's absolute rule.
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Roman Lake
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What Mussolini planned to make the Mediterranean Sea.
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west germany
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- (Germany was divided into two zones).
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What happened Aug 1944 in France?
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Paris was liberated
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coolective farm
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right of unions to negotiate with management for workers as a group
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Battle of Britain
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The prolonged bombardment of British cities by the German Luftwaffe during World War II and the aerial combat that accompanied it
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Lend-Lease
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allows America to sell, lend, or lease arms or other war supplies to any nation considered "vital to the defense of the U.S."
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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the 1962 confrontation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba.
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What was D-Day?
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allied invasion to chase the Germans out of France (Normandy)
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Sudentenland
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Hitler went after it next, in end they annexed it w/o consent of Czechoslovakia
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How many USA citizens died or were wounded in ww2?
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1 million
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War Bonds
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US citizens bought to support the war effort
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What was 'Anschluss'?
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Hitler's plan to absord Austria as part of the German Empire
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neutrallity acts
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series of laws passed by congress in 1935 that banned arms and sales or loans to countries at war
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Who were the neutral countries?
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Portugal, Spain, Ireland, Swedan, Switzerland, Turkey
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Pearl Harbor
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Location of the worst US Naval defeat in our history. Included several military bases in Hawaii.
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Erwin Rommel
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led the Afrika Korps for Germany, did a surprise attack on the British
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totalitarian state
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a nation in which a single party controls the government and every aspect of people's lives
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What were five ways prisoners died at Mauthousen?
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Shootings,gassings,hangings,lethal injections, and toucher by cold water
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Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact
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1939 agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union. The two nations agreed not to attack one another and to split the country of Poland between them.
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What happend on Crystal night?
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Nazis destroyed synagogues and packed many jews to concentration camps
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Guam, Iwo Jima, Okinawa
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There were many casualties over these islands in the Pacific Theatre.
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Operation Sea Lion
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the plan for the invasion of Britain that was a failure
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Battle of Leyte gulf
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The largest naval battle in history. The allies crushed Japan's fleet, crippling Japan's naval power for the remainder of the war.
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Operation Torch
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What was the code name for the African Campaign?
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Hiroshima; Nagasaki
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an atom bomb was dropped on August 6 on this city; an atom bomb was dropped on August 9; after both bombs, 250,000 people died
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election of 1944
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FDR won the renomination and Harry S. Truman became Vice President.
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Sixth Step to War
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Hitler and Stalin sign the Nazi- Soviet Non-Aggression Pact in 1939
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"A date which will live in infamy"
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Roosevelts speech on Pearl Harbor
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instead of attacking moscow he lay siege to leningrad for 2.5 years
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hitler's big mistake in Russia
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what happend on September 3 1939
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Poland, Britain and France declared war on Germany
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Why did American commanders island hop?
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it was a faster route to Japan
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Roosevelt was the first president to do what?
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be reelected for a third term
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"Date which will live in infamy"
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December 7, 1941, the day Japan bombed Pearl Harbor.
Said by FDR
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Who did Hitler betray and what was the result?
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Hitler betrayed Stalin. The Soviet Union sided with Britain.
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