| Terms |
Definitions |
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For ____ energy to be productive you need a restricted bay and a large tidal fluctuation
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tidal
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OPEC stands for
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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
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The gentle slope of a sand dune is on the ________________ side
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windward
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In ___________, a major source of crude oil production comes from the strip mining of tar sands
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Canada
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. As waves enter into shallow water the _______________ begins to grow.
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wave height
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Mountain tops projecting through the accumulation of sediment built up around them in a desert setting are termed:
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inselbergs
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Refracting waves tend to attack the ______________ of an irregular-shaped shoreline
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headlands
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A(n) _______ sand dune migrates by erosion on the windward side and deposition on the leeward side.
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active
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When sand is deposited at an angle to horizontal, it results in a sedimentary feature called:
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barchan dune
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On average, _______ of a barrel of oil is converted into gasoline.
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1/2
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. Petroleum, natural gas, and coal are collectively referred to as ________ fuels
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fossil
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Desertification is a natural phenomenon that man has no control over.
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False
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_______________ dunes are commonly found along shorelines.
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Parabolic
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Where desert stream water pools, a __________ lake may form
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playa
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U-235 is an isotope of
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uranium
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Where does this "global warming" gas come from
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burning fossil fuels
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Through time refracting wave energy tends to _________ an irregular-shaped shoreline
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straighten out
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A ______________ is an isolated rock that was once part of a headland
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sea stack
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Nuclear power is created by the _________ of U-235
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fission
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Most water waves are created by:
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wind
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What land form might commonly form at the mouth of a desert mountain valley
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alluvial fan
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Star dunes form from ____________ wind direction(s
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multiple
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What mountains prevent moist Pacific air from entering the desert southwest
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Sierra Nevada
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Most coal in the U.S. is either bituminous or
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subbituminous
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A break in a barrier island where tidal waters surge in and out is called a:
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tidal inlet
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The bending of waves is called
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refraction
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_________ are hard stabilization structures built perpendicular to the shoreline to prevent beach erosion due to beach drift and longshore currents
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Groins
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Water motion is unaffected by waves _______ wave base
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below
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The _____________ U.S. is best suited to produce energy from geothermal sources
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western
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The #1 form of renewable energy used in this country is
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biomass
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To save energy, we should all
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recycle, reuse and reduce
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If you get caught in a rip current, swim _____ the shoreline to escape the current
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parallel to
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There are _______ gallons in a barrel of oil.
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42
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Along most coastlines there is/are ____ high tide(s) and ____ low tide(s) each tidal day
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two
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Approximately 15% of the price you pay at the pump is for
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taxes
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. If a playa lake dries up and salts precipitate out, a ________________ may form.
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salt flat
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Water waves transfer
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energy
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Transverse dunes have relatively straight crests that run __________ to the prominent wind direction.
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perpendicular
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Ventifacts are stones faceted by:
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wind
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Gas production from this "tight" formation requires both horizontal drilling and
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fracturing
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The #1 erosional agent on a shoreline is:
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waves
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What is the name of the largest desert located in the western US
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Great Basin
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. In the surf zone longshore currents move sand __________ to the shoreline
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parallel
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The ________ has the strongest gravitational pull on Earth
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Moon
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When sand cascades down the slip face, it will finally stop moving as soon as it reaches a stable angle. This stable angle is called the angle of:
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repose
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Tidal deltas often form at a tidal inlet in the ______ located behind a barrier island
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lagoon
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Perennial streams that flow through desert regions are referred to as _________ streams
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Exotic
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Windblown dust deposits are referred to as:
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loess
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The tips of a barchan point:
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in the direction the wind is blowing
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One major concern about generating electricity with nuclear power is
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how to store the radioactive waste
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A wave-cut platform that is has been elevated above sea level is referred to as a ________.
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marine Terrace
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What are the deserts in these regions collectively called
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low latitude
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When alluvial fans coalesce along a mountain front they form a:
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bajada
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In the U.S. oil production is currently
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decreasing
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The dark staining common on many desert rocks is called:
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desert varnish
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The movement of sand along the beach is termed beach:
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drift
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The SEER rating of an appliance defines its
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efficiency
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In the open ocean waves travel in a(n) ____________ fashion.
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orbital
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Most streams in the Great Basin Desert have________ drainage, meaning they do not flow out of the area
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interior
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Rip currents are strong water currents flowing _________ the shoreline.
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away from
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Ninety four percent (94%) of energy use in the USA come from ________ resources
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nonrewable
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In time a(n) _________ may turn into a barrier reef.
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fringing reef
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________ are hard stabilization structures built offshore and parallel to the shoreline.
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Breakwaters
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. ______ are drowned river valleys, and tend to be common on submergent shorelines
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estuaries
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After strip mining has occurred, the land is ____________ by bringing back and reworking the overburden that had previously been removed
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reclaimed
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How much of the atmosphere is comprised of CO2
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less than 1%
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The U.S. gets the largest percentage of its oil from Saudi Arabia
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False
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Which below is the correct order of coal formation as temperatures and pressures are increased
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lignite > subbituminous > bituminous > anthracite
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#1 erosional agent in a desert
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running water
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The Middle Eastern countries possess _____ 60% of the world's proven oil reserves
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over
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. An ______________ shoreline would tend to be relatively straight
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emergent
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As far as BTU's per pound
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anthractie
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What country has the largest natural gas reserves
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Russia
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Wave base is approximately ½ of:
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wave length
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The leeward side of a sand dune is referred to as the:
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slip face
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A typical person in the USA uses more than five times the amount of energy than the average person in the world
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true
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Wave energy predominantly attacks the land at
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sea level
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Where in the U.S. would solar power be most beneficial
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soutwest
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Coal forms from plant debris that accumulates in a(n) _________ environment
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swap
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Deserts located on the leeward side of a mountain range are referred to as ______ deserts
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rain shadow
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What is the name of the desert located in West Texas
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Chihuahuan
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What country has the greatest proven reserves of coal
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USA
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Over 50% of the electric generation in this country is produced from
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coal
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Where are most dry land deserts located
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Around 30 degree north and south of the equator
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The largest desert on Earth is the Sahara. Can you name an exotic stream that flows through it
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Nile
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The ____________ is located between the normal low and high tides.
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Foreshore
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Deflation often results in the formation of a:
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blowout
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The ____________ is generally only affected from storm waves
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backshore
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What gas is thought to be largely responsible for "global warming
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carbon dioxide
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What are the belts around Earth called that contain these deserts
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subtropical high pressure
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A ________ is an opening in a narrow headland that has been undercut by wave action attacking its sides
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sea arch
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The accumulation of gravel on the desert surface due to removal of the finer-grained materials is termed:
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desert pavement
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The chain reaction within a nuclear reactor is slowed by using ___ to absorb free neutrons
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control rods
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What mountains are located to the east of the Great Basin Desert
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Rocky
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What one non-Middle East country was an original founder of OPEC
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Venezuela
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The east coast of the North America has a _________ tidal pattern with two high and two low tides each day.
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semidiurnal
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Hydroelectric power is renewable, but
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there are often environmental concerns to deal with
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One way to help locate structural traps is by:
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seismic surveying
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Resistant rock planed off to sea level by wave erosion is called a:
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wave-cut platform
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Which country currently produces the most CO2
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China
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A major gas field in North Texas is the
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Barnett Shale
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_________ are hard stabilization methods often used to keep channels open
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Jetties
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Sandblasted bedrock formations are called:
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yardangs
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_______ tides occur whenever there is a new moon or full moon
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spring
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Because deserts are so dry, the ground tends to soak in more water when it rains
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False
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In the United States the ____________ Oil Shale formation is a potential reserve of crude oil if costs and environmental issues can be satisfied
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Green River
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This fuel fueled the Industrial Revolution
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coal
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As man becomes more industrialized and technological he tends to use ____ energy
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more
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A(n) ___________ caprock is typically found atop a structural trap.
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impermeable
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The world population is expanding most rapidly in ___________________ countries
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developing
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Crude oil and natural gas are typically found concentrated in a structural trap
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true
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Since 1950 the largest increase in U.S. oil demands has been from what sector of the economy
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transportation
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What sedimentary feature may be commonplace on a playa lake bed due solely to the evaporation of the water?
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mud cracks
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Most ethanol in the country is made from
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corn
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Much wind-blown sand travels in a jumping fashion in a process called:
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saltation
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The lowering of the land surface by wind erosion is termed:
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deflation
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A "dust storm" is typically comprised of __________-sized material
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clay, silt and find sand
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Most streams in deserts only carry water occasionally. These streams are referred to as ________ streams
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Ephemeral
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The U.S. imports over 60% of its _______ from foreign countries
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crude oil
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Natural gas production in the U.S. has been ______ over the last twenty years or so
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increasing
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Dry climates are regions where the potential for evaporation exceeds the actual amount
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precipitation
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Much of the loess deposits in North America probably came from ________ created during the last ice age.
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rock flour
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Geothermal energy taps ______within the Earth to produce electricity
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heat
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Most coal is mined
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strip mining
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All structural traps contain either oil or gas.
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False
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The #1 oil-producing state in the nation is
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Texas
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What is most energy used for in the average American home?
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heating and A/C
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What state is #1 in generating electricity via wind power
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Texas
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Longitudinal dunes have relatively straight crests that run __________ to the prominent wind direction.
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parallel
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As waves near the shoreline the _______________ gets shorter
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wave length
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Nuclear power is a cost-effective way to generate electricity in the U.S
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True
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________ tides occur when tidal fluctuations are at a maximum. High tides are very high, and low tides are very low.
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spring
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Spring tides occur approximately every
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other week
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The tips of parabolic dunes point into the wind, and the slip face is on the ____________ of the crescent.
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outside
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When sand is deposited at an angle to horizontal, it results in a sedimentary feature called:
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cross-bedding
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