| Terms |
Definitions |
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Wal-Mart
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Mass merchandiser that began serious expansion in 1985
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Compact Disc developed by
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Philips and Sony, "The Visitors" by ABBA was first CD out
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Consumers began buying LPS
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32% drop in single sales
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purchased RCA in 1988
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Bertlesmann
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bar code technology used by Billboard:
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Soundscan (1991), determines chart positions
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Live Nation
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Clear Channel Entertainment;
Concert Promo Comp;
Spun off Live Nation;
Headed by Irving Azoff
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Introduction of CD
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1983
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Ownded Jive Records
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Clive Calder
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Major Retailer Today
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itunes ranked #1 in USA
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star of Saturday Night Fever
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John Travolta
Time of Saturday Night fever had to RENT TVs and Cassetts players to show DVDS that had music in them => help sell record
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Tupac Shakur
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Rapper that was killed in Las Vegas in 1996
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Punk Club in New York
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CBGB
Country, Blue Grass, & Blues
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Rapper killed in Las Vegas
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Tupac Shakur shot 1996
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MCA
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purchased by Matsushita ;
bought polygram records ;
became Universal in 1999
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Tim Berners-Lee
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developed the World Wide Web
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Bill Gates
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Chairman of Microsoft, founded with Paul Allen; world's wealthiest people
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Purchased CBS in 1987
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SONY
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Developed the World Wide Web
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Tim Bernes Lee
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Major Labels
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Sony/BMG
EMI/Capitol
Universal
Warner Bros
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print outlet for contemporary Christian music
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Contemporary Christian Music Magazine
(CCM, 1978)
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purchase Provident (Zomba) in 2003
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BMG (all part of SONY now)
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dot com bubble
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burst in March 2000;
NASDAQ composite index peaked at 5048.62;
dot.com had been overvalued
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Developed the Netscape browser
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Mosaic
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Forerunner to internet
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1967, ARPANET
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reasons for contemporary Christian music's growth in the 90s
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black gospel got smoother sound to appeal to white audience
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MTV
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Debuts in 1981;
Music Television
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Akio Morita and Masaru Ibuka:
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founded Sony in 1946 in Japan
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Geffen Records
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founded in 1980 by Dave Geffen ; owned by Universal; operate by Interscope; Geffen A&M
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Clive Calder
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Formed Zomba Records in 1975 in South Africa with Ralph Simon
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Led group of investors to purchase Warner Bros in 2004
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Edgar Brofman
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Managed Backstreet Boys
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Lou Pearlman
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Robert Moog
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Invented first Synthesizer in 1964
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Reasons music biz liked CDs
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Piracy Solved
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BMG and Sony merger
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BMG/RCA merged with Sony in 2004
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Reasons labels stopped making singles
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No profit
Labels used singles a cheap or free promotional tool
Stopped a generation from developing the record-buying habit
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Michael Jackson
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Recorded "Thriller" Album
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Dove Award
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Gospel Music Association
Started by James Blackwood
Won by Bill Gaither
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Mail Record Stores
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Christian Music
Began to move towards mall outlet and became acceptable in the mainstream
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Founded Def Jam
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Rick Rubin
Joined by Russell Simmons
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Problems labels faced re: digital downloads
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2007;
Kaaza & Limewire ;
4.3 million people around the world sharing files at the same time
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Developed first computer chip
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Intel in 1971
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released album Slow Train Coming album
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Bob Dylan
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Polygram
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Dutch-Owned Firm ;
Purchased Mercury & RSO in the 70s ;
Purchased Decca and A&M in the 80s ;
Purchased Island in 1990 ;
Sold to MCA in 1998
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Curb
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began as Sidewalk Records in 1964, Mike Curb President in '69, distribution agreement with WB in 1992
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record "Thriller" album
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Michael Jackson ;
All 7 singles made it to Top 10;
Spend 37 weeks @ #1
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reasons sales of country recordings limited in 80s
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people bought country at mom & pop store with no sound scan
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Millennials or Generation Y
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demographic following generation X of people born around 1980 - 1994
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Def Jam
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formed by Rick Rubin in 1983 in his dorm room
Signed Beastie Boys, LL Cool J
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Grunge
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Seattle Sound;
Subgenre of Alt. Rock;
inspired by punk, heavy metal, & indie rock;
Nirvana
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Los Angeles
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1977-1979 middle class teens ;
magazine: Slash, X, the Go--Go's Notorious B.I.G. killed here ;
Punk Music
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"wheels of steel":
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turn tables, mobile disc jockey
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MP3
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Rob Lord and Jeff Patterson perfected in 1991
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purchased Zomba in 2002
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BMG
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Label Created by Zomba
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Jive
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Interscope
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Record label formed by Jimmy Iovine & Ted Field
Had Dr. Dre, Snoop Dog
Geffen A&M Merged into it
50 Cent, Eminem, Gwen Stefani
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Movie that brought cowboy look back into country
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Urban Cowboy
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purchased by Seagrams in 1995
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MCA (80%)
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Reason(s) gansta rap developed
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people didn't know what was going on in the ghetto streets ;
black males lead criminal life together
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Group who recorded "Nevermind" album
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Nirvana
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Time-Warner
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Merges with AOL in 2001;
Separates in 2003 because dot com bubble burst
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Universal
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bought by MCA in 1962;
Bought by Vivendi in 1999 ;
BAD DEAL
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Intel
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developed the first computer chip in 1971
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percentage of illegal downloads on average ipod
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95%
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created Napster
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Shawn Fanning 1999
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Developed Beta System
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SONY
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Ticketmaster
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End of 1980s dominant ticket seller ;
2007 sold over 140 million tickets
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Produced Thriller
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Quincey Jones
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Zune
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Microsoft MP3
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John Travolta
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starred in
Saturday Night Fever
Urban Cowboy
Grease
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German Soldier
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Reinhard Mohn
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SoundScan
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Bar Code Technology used by Billboard (1991)
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EMI/Capitol
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one of the 6 major labels in 80s; British; began in London in 1931
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star of Urban Cowboy
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John Travolta
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Jive Records
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formed in 1981 ;
included artists like Brittany Spears, Backstreet Boys, NSYNC
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Parents Music Resource Group
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1984
Introduced Warning stickers on albums
Result of rap music
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Suge Knight
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with Dr. Dre formed Death Row Records
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Jesus Movement
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1960s counterculture
alternative to secular music
pop music with Christian Lyrics
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Jimmy Iovine & Ted Field
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Found Interscope
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founded SONY
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Akio Morita and Masaru Ikuba in Tokyo
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Disco Clubs
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dancing
dominated by the Bee Gees in 70s
1978 four singles in the top 10
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Broadcast Data System:
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debuted in 1992, gave accurate count of airplay, used by 1,400 radio station
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Telecommunications Act of 1996
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allowed companies to own a lot of radio stations ;
allowed local and long distance companies to get into each other's business ;
enabled local exchange carriers to compete with big names
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Why labels sold to iTunes
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Steve Jobs charm Apple tiny market share
free artist publicity
microsoft would soon create digital music system
no ZUNE until 2006
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Tokyo Telecommunications Research Laboratories Inc.
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Masaru Ibuka & Morita founded in 1946 w/ $500 capital
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New Kids on the Block
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American pop band in the '80s and '90s ;
"Step by Step";
the attitude, the look & the sound
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Who bought EMI/Capitol
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Terra Firm Capitol Partners
Aug 2007
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MC Hammer
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"U Can't Touch This" 1990 ;
"Please Hammer Don't Hurt Em" sold 10 million copies
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Reinhard Mohn
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German Soldier ;
Founder of Bertlesmann Foundation
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Developed the internet
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ARPANET by JCR Licklider
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Label of "Rappers Delight"
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Sugarhill Records
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Matsushita
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developed VHS; purchased MCA in 1990 for 5.7 billion
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Merger of BMG and SONY
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1004
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Nashville, TN
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Country Music
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Reasons music biz disliked CDs
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Shut down LP plants ;
reissue entire catalogs ;
change artwork ;
retailers had to switch from LP racks to CD racks
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cable television
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June 1948 first cable antennas, HBO began in 1972. First successful paid TV subscriptions.
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Founder of Band Aid
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Bob Geldorf
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Nirvana
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Group who recorded "Nevermind" Album;
Grunge
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Problems with iPod
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downloads $0.67 instead of $10 CD sale ;
songwriters and publishers hurting ;
labels made zero dollars from ipod sale ;
LACK OF SOUND QUALITY
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Steve Jobs
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Along with Steve Wozniak created the Apple II computer
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MIDI
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1983 ;
Musical Instrument Digital Interface
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recorded Straight Outta Compton album
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NWA
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Punk Movement
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1970s
Sex Pistols, Ramones, Clash
1974-1977
New York CBGBs, Lou Reed
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Robert Stigwood
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Founded RSO (Robert Stigwood Organization)
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Developed VHS SYSTEM
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Ampex 1956
Sony 1965
Philips 1970
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Latin word for sound
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Sony
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Reasons iTunes succeeded
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MusicNet and Press Play had done most of the heavy lifting
itunes was a Pay-per-song
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Stereo Accepted
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People began buying LPs
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Internet originally created by
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ARPANET by JCR Licklider
Department of Defense
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began experimenting with optical electronics in 1960s:
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Philips
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Fonded Death Row Records
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Dr Dre
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Movie that captured the disco trend
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Saturday Night Fever
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formed curb records
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mike curb
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founded Zomba
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Clive Calder and Ralph Simon in South Africa
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RIAA lawsuit against Napster
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...
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Sugar Hill
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Record label that emphasized R&B for white people
Dominate label in Rap Music (1979-1983)
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Formed Def JAM
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Rick Rubin 83
in his dorm room
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Moog Synthesizer
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invented by Robert Moog in 1964
First to use a piano-style keyboard
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Apple computer:
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created by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak introduced in 1976 as a motherboard, first to use floppy disk
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iPod
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portable media play designed by Apple and launched in 2001
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Saturday Night Fever
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Starring John Travolta;
Disco Era Movie;
Captured Disco Trend
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Russell Simmons
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Co-Owner of Def Jam Records
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Windows
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Operating system developed by Microsoft
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Edgar Brofman
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investor group that purchased Warner Bros in 2004
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Sony
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Joined Philips in 1977 to help develop music CD
Latin word for Sound
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Signed Bob Dylan to Columbia
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John Hammond
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MTV vs. Michael Jackson
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CBS threatened to pull all of it's artists videos off MTV
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merged with American Online (AOL)
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Time-Warner in Jan 2001
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Founded Monument Records
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Fred Foster and Buddy Dean
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Zomba
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Record Label owned by Sony ;
Renamed Jive in 2009 ;
Best known for Teen Rap and Pop Acts;
Orinated in South Africa
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technologies that changed the music industry
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turntables and sampling;
soundscan;
CD ;
digital download
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CBGB
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Punk rock club in New York in 1970s - Country, Blue Grass, Blues
"Superstation"
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Why the Rock Hall of Fame is in Cleveland
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City pledged $65 million to fund building construction
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Sugarhill Gang
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"Rapper's Delight'
Caused MCs to be labeled as Rappers
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purchased Warner Bros in 2004
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Edgar Bronfman investor group
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First superstation on cable
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WTBS
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Yo, MTV Raps!
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1988
Hosted by Dr. Dre, Ed Lover, and T-Money
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Bee Gees:
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dominated disco, "Staying Alive"
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Percentage of amercian homes with cable tv
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1986 (45.6%)
1996 (65.9%)
2003 (68.2%)
2006 (64.1%)
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Founded Island Records
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Chris Blackwell
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formed sidewalk records
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mike curb
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Founded Interscope
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Jimmy Iovine and Ted Field
|
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Contemporary Christian Magazine (CCM)
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July 1978, part of the Jesus Movement
|
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Urban Cowboy
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Movie Starring John Travolta ;
Contemporary cowboy in country music
|
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What is a "tag" in hip hop
|
flamboyant new name
|
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purchased by Matsushita Electrical Industrial Company
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MCA in 1990
|
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Shaun Fanning
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Created Napster in 1999
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Founded RSO Records
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Richord Stigwood
|
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Mass Merchandiser began Serious Expansion in 1985
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Wal Mart
|
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Created "American Idol"
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Simon Cowell 2002
|
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Generation X
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born between 1965-1978;
divorce, out of wedlock births ;
disregard of kids ;
the "me" decade;
personal needs make more important than family
|
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Dr Dre
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hosted "Yo, MTV Raps!"
Part of NWA and released "Straight Outta Compton"
with Ice Cube and Eazy-E
helped form Death Row Records
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Bedroom Band:
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late 1990s, development of CDS and synthesizers allowed for one man bands in bedroom
|
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Warner Brothers
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Became music label in 1958;
Bought Reprise in 1964;
Merged with Time Life in '89;
Merged with AOL in 2001
|
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Bertlesman
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bouth Arista and RCA Records, founded by Reinhard Mohn
|
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iTunes
|
Apple's software used to transfer music from a computer to the iPod
|
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Developed the keyboard based synthesizer
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Robert Moog
|
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purchased Arista Records in 1979
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Bertelsmann
|
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BMG
|
Merged with RCA in 2004, RCA had purchased them in 1987 (Bertelsmann Music Group). Purchased 20% of Zomba in 1996, acquired Remaindue in 2002
|
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Microsoft
|
created by Bill Gates ;
developed the windows operating system in 1985
|
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significance of the Netscape browser
|
Gave consumers first broadly popular commercial browser to surf the internet
|
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Rick Rubin
|
Formed Def Jam in his dorm room in 1983
|
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Compressed audio file
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allowed music to be sent over phone lines
|
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We Are the World"
|
Artists are USA for Africa
Raised $63 million
Written by Michael Jackson and Lionel Richie
Idea from Harry Belafonte
Produced by Quincy Jones & MIchael Omartian
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CMT
|
1983, Country Music Television in Nashville, TN
|
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First web sit for free music
|
MP3.com
|
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Mike Curb
|
Founded Curb Records
|
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Sony Corp of America vs. Universal City Studio
|
Supreme Court Ruled device (VCR)
Allowed for private use
|
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"The Network":
|
Radio promotion people formed an alliance which created a close personal relationship with personnel
|
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Jive
|
Label Created by Zomba
|
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created the Apple II computer
|
Steve Jobs (and Steve Wozniak)
|
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Philips
|
1977 (Netherlands) began research on optical discs
Joined with Sony to develop CD
|
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Merged with Time-LIfe
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Warner Bros in 1989
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