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The Homestead strike
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A strike among the Amalgamated Association of Steel Workers. When a man named Frick told Carnegie that they needed to get the Union out of their factory, they cut wages in hopes of a strike. When the workers went on strike the company hired scabs. To protect the scabs they hired 300 Pinkerton detectives. A fight broke out and 9 detectives were killed. The PA national guard was brought in.
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The Great Depression
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economic depression -notable for its duration and intensity that struck the world from 1929-1940. Recovery was a long and difficult process.-began with a crash of the stock market in 1929 ironically, WWII brought an end to the great depression
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Management
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Factory owners who pay workers. Carnegie, Rocafeller, Morgan, vanderbuilt
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Industrial Inovations
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Steel-Bessemer process, Oil, drilled using steam engine, railroads from steal, horseless carriage/airplanes using gas engine, telegraph (morris), telephone (Gram Bell), typewriter, ELECTRICITY
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The IWW
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Industrial Workers of the World
The situation was simple. The result of the 2nd Industrial Revolution was a separation of two classes.
Industrial Workers of the World, Founded in 1905 by William "Big Willy" Haywood, they were anti-capitalism. They fought for the rights of: people of color, the poor, and women.They used boycotts, general strikes, and industrial sabotage. The IWW helped to raise the wages of African Americans in Philadelphia from $1.25 to$4/daily. They also led a successful strike at a textile mill in 1912 in Lawrence, Mass to protest large cuts in wages. The IWW collapsed a few years later and faded from power due to lack of support fighting between the leaders, and government interference.
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Assimilation
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To blend into the dominant culture.
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Ellis Island
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An immigrant receiving station that opened in 1892, where immigrants were given a medical examination and only allowed in if they were healthy
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Capitalism
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an economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations, esp. as contrasted to state-owned means of wealth.
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Angel Island
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Immigration processing center in Sam Francisco from about 1910 to 1940. Helped keep Chinese out of the country because of Chinese exclusion act. Closed when act was repealed in 1943
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The National Origins Act of 1924
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A new immigration quote referring to the census of 1890
This completely excluded Japanese and blocked most people from eastern Europe.
Canadians and Latin Americans were not affected
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The Square Deal
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1904- Teddy Roosevelt runs for re-election
*Each group (consumers, workers, farmers, and business owners) gets an equal chance to succeed
Teddy Roosevelt wins by a landslide
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Sacco and Vanzetti
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Italian anarchists radicals who became symbols of the Red Scare of the 1920s; arrested (1920), tried and executed (1927) for a robbery/murder, they were believed by many to have been innocent but convicted because of their immigrant status and radical political beliefs.
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The Immigration and Nationality Act
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-abolished the national-origin quotas that had been in place in the US since the Immigration act of 1924
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Nativism
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the belief that native-born Americans are superior to foreigners
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Chinese exclusion act
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Passed in 1882; banned Chinese immigration in US because the United States thought of them as a threat. Caused chinese population in America to decrease.
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Henry Ford and the Assembly Line
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Henry Ford was an American car maker and he is credited with the modern assembly line. He was born in 1863 in Michigan and died in 1947 after transferring control of the company to his grandson. Assembly line work was difficult so Ford shortened the work day and doubled the daily pay to $5. Henry Ford also had very strict rules about your behavior on and off the job if you worked for him. Employees had to have a clean home and were not allowed to drink or participate in any morally corrupt behavior. He also started the Ford English school so that immigrants could learn how to speak English. Assembly lines increased production but they also made the life of a factory worker very boring and they also led to higher rates of employee turnover. Unskilled factory workers (immigrants, African Americans) were not able to get higher positions because of discrimination and education requirements.
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NAFTA
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North American Free Trade Agreement signed on JAN. 1 1994, that allows the opening of borders between the United States Mexico and Canada. Caused many Americans to lose their jobs (because companies moved factories to Mexico, and did not have to pay the tariffs). Some think it is good, some don't
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Labor
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general term. Workers in factories, work for hourly or daily wage
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Jane Adams
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Social reformer who worked to improve the lives of the working class. In 1889 she founded Hull House in Chicago, the first private social welfare agency in the U.S., to assist the poor, combat juvenile delinquency and help immigrants learn to speak English.
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The Sub-Prime Mortgage Crisis
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Bust in the late 2000's of the Housing Market
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The Dream Act
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Let people who illegally came into the country when they were UNDER 16 to become a citizen. They need to complete 2 years in the military or 2 years in college. This law has not been passed yet.
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The AFL
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Leader - Samuel Gompers. This group was an alliance of skilled workers. They concentrated on issues such as high wages, shorter hours, and better working conditions. American Federation of Labor.
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Immigration Restriction League
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A group who wanted to restrict immigration into the U.S. to certain groups they deemed desirable. Because of them congress passed a bill in 1897 requiring a literacy test for immigrants.
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The GI Bill
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provided college or vocational education for returning veterans, Veterans would have assistance in paying for college, their first house would be free, and they would receive a 20 dollar a week unemployment pay. They could only use this if they could get into college
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Tenements
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poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived. Usually walking distance from factory work
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Marketing (ads plus planning)
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a sense of need created in the mind of the buyers. Buy now pay later is created
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Social Darwinism
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Survival of the fittest (rich survive, poor don't)
Any attempts to help the poor slows social progress
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The "New Immigration"
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1880-1924, immigrants from East and South Europe. Some go to the Hawaiian sugar islands
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Boom and Bust
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Period where economy goes way up, and then falls back down again
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Wagner Act
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Part of "Second" New Deal Programs (1935-1938), collective bargaining rights, closed shops permitted (where workers must join unions), outlawed anti-union tactics , 1935; established National Labor Relations Board; protected the rights of most workers in the private sector to organize labor unions, to engage in collective bargaining, and to take part in strikes and other forms of concerted activity in support of their demands.
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The New Deal
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FDR's strategy to end the depression by trying many different employment projects to put out-of-work americans to work in government organized groups. 1935
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The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
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A 1911 incident that resulted in the deaths of some 140 garment workers; led to increased safety regulations for businesses. They were locked in rooms to ensure they did not steal anything
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Globalization
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Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope., the expansion of economic, political, and cultural processes to the point that they become global in scale and impact. The process of _______ transcend state boundaries and have outcomes that vary across places and states.
, Agreements such as NAFTA demonstrate the concept that the world's economy is becoming intertwined and interconnected.
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