Complete List of Terms and Definitions for Chapter 13

Terms Definitions
Sitting Bull Native American leader that objected the white people settling onto the Native American territory (Crazy Horse & _________)
Vaquero the Spanish word for cowhand, or cowboy
Homesteader settlers who acquired free land from the government
The Chisholm Trail Eastern trail from San Antonio, Texas, to Abilene, Kansas
Cow town settlement at the end of a cattle trail
Farm Cooperative groups of farmers who pool their money to make large purchases of tools, seeds, and other supplies at a discount
Sod a surface layer of earth in which the roots of grasses tangle with soil
Cattle Drive the herding and moving of cattle over long distances
The Homestead Act Offered 160-acre plot to anyone who resided on the land for five years
Boomtowns communities that grew suddenly when a mine opened
Sand Creek Massacre Ignited an era of war. Colonel John Chivington and 700 militia volunteers attacked Cheyenne Indians at San Creek
Crazy Horse A Native American leader who objected white settlers from coming into Native American land (Sitting Bull & ________)
Travois small sleds
Chief Joseph Native American leader who fled toward Canada with a large band of Nez Percés.
The Dawes Act Tried to end Native Americans' wandering and turn them into farmers
Open Range unfenced lands
General George Armstrong Custer Lead American troops and entered the Little Bighorn Valley. He and all his men died @ the Battle of Little Bighorn
The Election of 1896 William Jennings Bryan vs William McKinley. Bryan had Southern & Western farmers, McKinley had bankers & business owners. McKinely won.
Transcontinental Railroad a railroad line that spanned the continent
William Jennings Bryan Democrat, "Great Commoner," Populist supported him, won the votes of farmers
Colonel John Chivington This man & 700 militia volunteers attacked a band of Cheyenne at Sand Creek
Inflation general rise in prices
Reservation land set aside for Native Americans to live on
Little Bighorn Colonel George Armstrong Custer entered Little Bighorn Valley and attacked a large band of Sioux and Cheyennes. Custer & all his men died.
Grange groups of farmers who met for lectures, sewing bees, and other events
Subsidy grants of land or money
The Battle of Wounded Knee A band of Sioux tried to flee to safety, but army troops surrounded them @ Wounded Knee Creek, where the Sioux gave up their guns & the troops open fired. 200 Sioux died, 30 soldiers died
The Comstock Lode The richest silver mine in the world
Vigilante Self-appointed law keeperes
Fort Laramie Treaty If the Native Americans stopped following the buffalo, they would protect the Native American land
Teepee cone-shaped tents made of buffalo skins
The Ghost Dance A dance that was believed that one would talk to ghosts of their ancestors and their ancestors and the buffalo would return & the white people would leave the Plains.
Cattle Kingdom the region dominated by the cattle industry and its ranches, trails, and cow towns
Plain Indians The native people who lived on the Great Plains.
Sooner people who had already sneaked onto the land
Buffalo Soldiers African American veterans of the civil war. Fought on the Plains for 20 years & also captured bandits from Texas to the Dakotas.
Geronimo Apache who refused to go to a reservation. From Mexico, he and his men attacked settlers in Arizona & New Mexico for 10 years. Was captured in 1886 & was imprisoned in Texas, Florida, & Alabama before being sent to a reservation in Oklahoma.
Sodbuster plain farmeres