| Terms |
Definitions |
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What is the primary waste product of oxygen metabolism?
|
11.6
|
|
Thyroid cartilage
|
11.8
|
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Contraindication for Heimlich maneuver
|
11.25
|
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When ventilating stoma you will not need...
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head tilt-chin lift nor jaw-thrust but you need a good mask seal.
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|
How long before permanent damage to the brain if oxygen supply is cut off?
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6 mins
|
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Suction time limit
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Adults 15sec
Child 10sec
Infants 5sec
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Tube size for adult males
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11.53
|
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laryngospasm
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Defensive mechinism of the airway when foreign matter, fluid, are introduced, spasmodic closure of the vocal cords sealing off the airway. Usually only last seconds.
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|
table
|
11-5 page 11.18
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respiration
|
11.115
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First rule of tracheobrochial suctioning.
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Don't do it if you don't have to!
Requires strict sterile technique, can cause cardiac dysrhthmias, and even cardiac arrest.
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Suction time limit
|
11.31
|
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vallecula
|
11.8
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Cricoid cartilage
|
Also known as cricoid ring, lies inferiorly to thyroid cartilage. Forms lowest portion of the larynx and is the first ring of the trachea and the only upper airway structure that forms a complete ring.
|
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Adenoids
|
11.7
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How long is the average adult trachea?
|
11 to 12 cm ~4in
|
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suffactant
|
Proteinaceous substance that lines alveoli and decrease surface tension on the alveolar wall and keeps them expanded.
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The trachea begins immediately below the _______ cartilage and descends anterioly down the midline of the neck and chest to the level of the _______________ thoracic vertebra.
|
cricoid
fifth or sixth
|
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Thyroid cartilage
|
A shield-shaped structure formed by two plates that join in a "V" shape. Located at the laryngeal prominence known as adam's apple, and directly anterior to the glottic opening.
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|
Tube size for adult females
|
11.53
|
|
The adult lung can hold approximately _____ of air.
|
6 L
|
|
How long before permanent damage to the brain if oxygen supply is cut off?
|
11.6
|
|
First rule of tracheobrochial suctioning.
|
11.75
|
|
Size for blade in ped
|
Premature newborn: 0 straight
Fullterm newborn to 1yr: 1 straight
2 yrs of age to adolescent: 2 straight
Adolescent and older: 3 straight or curve
|
|
Hering-Breuer reflex
|
11.12
|
|
Size for tube in ped
|
11.80
|
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hypoxia
|
Lack of oxygen to the body's cells and tissues.
|
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laryngospasm
|
11.8-11.9
|
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Size of ET tube for nasal intubation
|
1.0 to 1.5 mm smaller, slightly smaller than the nostril.
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Contraindication for Heimlich maneuver
|
Pt is too small IE baby, unconscious, advance stages of pregnancy, or morbidly obese. PERFORM chest trust instead.
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|
Aspiration of blood or other fluid significantly increases __________.
|
mortality.
|
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S/S Gastric distension
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Increase diameter diameter of the stomach, increase distended abdomen, and increase resistance to BVM ventilation.
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Why must you use a straight blade larogynscope for intubation of children?
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The child's epiglottis is more floppy and omega-shaped than adults.
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Tonsils
|
Located in posterior pharynx, made up of lymphatic tissue, help to trap bacteria.
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larynx
|
11.8
|
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larynx
|
A complex structure formed by many independent cartilaginous structures. It marks where the upper airway ends and the lower airway begins.
|
|
Where do you aim tube for nasal intubation?
|
Straight back towards the ear.
|
|
What is the primary waste product of oxygen metabolism?
|
Carbon dioxide
|
|
Size for tube in ped
|
[age in yrs divide by 4]plus 4
[age plus 16] divide by 4
|
|
respiration
|
The exchange of gases between a living organism and its environment.
|
|
Indications for intubation
|
Present or impending respiratory failure, apnea, inability of the pt to protect own airway.
|
|
Which nostril is typically use for nasal intubation and why?
|
11.67
|
|
NPA are measure from...
|
the tip of the nose to the earlobe.
|
|
Tube size for adult females
|
7.0 to 8.0 mm tube
|
|
anoxia
|
11.16
|
|
Always use at least __ methods of tube placement confirmation.
|
11.62
|
|
Intubation considerations in ped
|
11.79-80
|
|
Tube size for adult males
|
7.5 to 8.5 mm tube
|
|
vallecula
|
An anatomic space, or "pocket," located between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis. An important landmark for endotracheal intubation.
|
|
What is the space between the vocal cords known as?
|
Glottis or glottic opening
|
|
Size of ET tube for nasal intubation
|
11.66
|
|
Intubation attempt should take no longer than...
|
11.59
|
|
hypoxia
|
11.16
|
|
What membrane is located between the thyroid and cricoid cartilage and is a site for emergency airway?
|
11.8
|
|
Without _______________, oxygen transport is not possible.
|
hemoglobin (blood)
|
|
What is the most common upper airway obstruction, especially with decrease LOC?
|
The tongue
|
|
What is the nasal cavity lined with?
|
Ciliated mucous membrane that keeps contaminants out of the respiratory tract.
|
|
Difference between external and internal respiration
|
11.14
|
|
How long is the average adult trachea?
|
11.8
|
|
OPA are measure from....
|
11.33
|
|
Always use at least __ methods of tube placement confirmation.
|
2
|
|
Why must you use a straight blade larogynscope for intubation of children?
|
11.10
|
|
suffactant
|
11.9
|
|
The adult lung can hold approximately _____ of air.
|
11.8
|
|
Cricoid cartilage
|
11.8
|
|
Sellick maneuver
|
11.47
|
|
Where do you aim tube for nasal intubation?
|
11.67
|
|
NG/OG sizing
|
11.49
|
|
What is the space between the vocal cords known as?
|
11.8
|
|
When stimulated beta-2 receptors cause?
|
Bronchodilation
|
|
Aspiration of blood or other fluid significantly increases __________.
|
11.25
|
|
Meds that can be administer via ET route
|
LEAN
Lidocane
Epinephrine
Atropine
Narcan
|
|
What is the nasal cavity lined with?
|
11.7
|
|
anoxia
|
An absence of oxygen that results in cellular and tissue death.
|
|
The trachea begins immediately below the _______ cartilage and descends anterioly down the midline of the neck and chest to the level of the _______________ thoracic vertebra.
|
11.8
|
|
Which nostril is typically use for nasal intubation and why?
|
Rt because of the curvature of the tube is the correct orientation in relation to the bevel.
|
|
S/S Gastric distension
|
11.48
|
|
NG/OG sizing
|
Nose/mouth to ear to xiphoid process.
|
|
hypoxemia
|
Decrease in arterial oxygen level.
|
|
Meds that can be administer via ET route
|
11.54
|
|
Normal tidal volume for adult male
|
5 to 7mL/kg=~500mL
350mL is normal alveolar volume
|
|
What s/s usually happen with anxiety attacks and why?
|
Hyperventilation cause decrease CO2 as it falls back to normal range the pt experiences dizziness and numbness and tingling of the face and extremities.
|
|
OPA are measure from....
|
the corner of the mouth to the earlobe.
|
|
Normal tidal volume for adult male
|
11.10
|
|
When ventilating stoma you will not need...
|
11.103
|
|
Adenoids
|
Located on the posterior nasopharyngeal wall, lymphatic tissue that filters bacteria.
|
|
What membrane is located between the thyroid and cricoid cartilage and is a site for emergency airway?
|
Cricothyroid, so you can perform a cricothyrotomy.
|
|
Sellick maneuver
|
Also known as cricoid pressure, which minimize the risk of regurgitation during positive pressure ventilaiton. Contraindicated for C-spine protection.
|
|
NPA are measure from...
|
11.33
|
|
Indications for intubation
|
11.52
|
|
Signs of choking include...
|
11.24
|
|
Pulse oximetry
|
Instrument which measures the percentage of hemoglobin in the arterial blood that is saturated.
|
|
Without _______________, oxygen transport is not possible.
|
11.14
|
|
What is the most common upper airway obstruction, especially with decrease LOC?
|
11.7
|
|
Hering-Breuer reflex
|
Protective mechanism that stops inhalation, preventing over expansion of the lungs.
|
|
Tonsils
|
11.7
|
|
hypoxemia
|
11.16
hahy-pok-see-mee-uh
|
|
Intubation attempt should take no longer than...
|
30 seconds.
|
|
Signs of choking include...
|
...gagging, stridor, dyspnea, aphonia (inability to speak), and dysphonia (difficulty speaking).
|
|
Intubation considerations in ped
|
Studies have shown that BVM is just as effective with short transport times
|
|
What s/s usually happen with anxiety attacks and why?
|
11.15
|
|
Size for blade in ped
|
11.80
|
|
When stimulated beta-2 receptors cause?
|
11.8
|
|
Difference between external and internal respiration
|
External respiration or pulmonary respiration is the exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood cells in the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration or cellular respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood cells and tissue.
|
|
Pulse oximetry
|
11.18
|
