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L2TP
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Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol, A protocol that encapsulates PPP data, for use on VPNs.L2TP is based on Cisco technology and is standardized by the IETF. It is distinguished by its compatibility among different Manufacturers’ equipment; its ability to connect between clients, routers, and servers alike; and also by the fact that it can connect nodes belonging to different Layer 3 networks.
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What are the two DSL categories
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Asymmetrical- More throughputand Symmetrical- Equal capacity for upstream and downstream
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what infrastructure is required for Broadband
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HFC- hybrid fiber-coax
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Which is better for video conferenceing
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Asyymitrical
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Secure Virtual connection between two nodes on a VPN
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Tunnel
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device connects the twistedpair wiring at the customer’s building with the ISDN terminal equipment via RJ-11 (standardtelephone) or RJ-45 data jacks.
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NT1- Network Termination 1
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Continuously available communication channel from a telecommunication provider
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Dedicated
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A method of connecting and logging on to a LAN that is remote or not physically connected to a LAN
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Remote Access
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PPTP
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Point to Point Tunneling Protocol a protocol developed by Microsoft that expands on PPP by encapsulating it so that any type of PPP data can traverse the Internet masked as an IP transmission
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A network that travels distance and connects 2 or more LANs
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WAN
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PPP
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Point to Point Protocol enables a workstation to connect to another computer using a serial connection
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Network software provided by Microsoft office 95 and higher to access computers remotely
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Remote Access Service
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What does DSLAM stand for and what does it do
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DSL access muliplexer. combines multiple DSL subscriber lines and connects them to the carrier's CO.
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The part of phone system that connects customer site with Telecommunication carrier
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Local Loop (Last Mile)
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What does DSL stand for
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Digital subscriber line
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What is a common example of DSL connectivity on home computers
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ADSL-Asymmetric DSL
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what is not commong to both WAN and LAN
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Public Wiring
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What is Downstream
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Data traveling from the Carrier's switching facility to customer
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ISDN is to ____ as Telephone is to _____
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Digital, Analog
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Expensive fiber optic link that can support high frequency
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HFC- Hybrid Fiber-Coax
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The place where a telephone companyterminates lines and switches calls between different locations
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CO (Central Office)
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PSTN
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Public Switched Telephone Network
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what is the most fault tolerance WAN Topology
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Full Mesh
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What are two protocols that allow workstations to connect to another computer via a serial connection
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SLIP-Serial Line Internet ProtocolPPP-Point to Point Protocol
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What is the throughput of ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)
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25 Mbps to 622 Mbps
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What does DSL operate over
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PSTN(public switched telephone network
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What is Terminal Equipment
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Devices used to connect computers to the ISDN line. ie Switches, Routers, Bridges
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What does Terminal Adapter do
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Convert analog to digital
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Which topology is grouped in layers to for Heiarchal groupings
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Teired
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what arrangement allows a customer to lease onlysome of the channels on a T1
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Fractonal T1
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What is the best terminal equipment option for T-Carriers
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Router, Layer 3 or higher switch
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What is an updated digital version of x.25 that also relies on packet switching
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Frame Relay
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What is the theoretically transmission and Real transmission capabilities of Broadband
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Theoreteical- 150 mbps downstream, 10 mbps upstreamReal- 10 mbps downstream, 2 mbps upstream
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A logical point to point connection that relies on switches for best path between sender and receiver
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SVC- Switch Virtual Circuit
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A digital carrier standard in Europe that offers 30 channels with max of 2.048 mbps throughput
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E1
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The topology where each site is directly connected to no more than two sites
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Bus
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PRI
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23B + 1D (1.544 mbps throughput B, 64 kbps throughput)
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A variation of DSL that has equal upstream and downstream
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Symmetrical
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BRI
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2B + 1D (128 kbps throughput B, 16 kbps
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What is the Max throughput for T1 (Equivalent to PRI)
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1.544 mbps
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PRI uses ______ B and ______ D channels
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23 and 1
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Fiber Optic or Coaxial cable that connects neighborhood cable nodes to customer houses
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Cable Drop
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_______ relies on RDP which is an application layer protocol that uses TCP/IP to transport graphic and test quickly
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Remote Desktop
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What does PRI uses that other ISDN dont
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NT2
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What are the four key strengths of SONET(Synchronous Optical Network)
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WAN integration, Fast data transfer rates, Simple link additions and removals, High degree of fault tolerance
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What is X.25
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Packet Switching technology the precursor to Frame Relay
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Why does SONET have a high fault tolerance
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it has a double-ring topology over fiber-optic cable.
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which carry Data, Bearer or Data
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Bearer
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What does xDSL stand for
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All DSL varieties, ie ADSL, G.Lite, HDSL, SDSL, VDSL, SHDSL
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T1 using STP need repeaters every
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6000 ft
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how big is an ATM packet(cell)
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53 bytes- 48 data bytes and 5 header bytes
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Characteristic of Dual ring topology that allows them to auto reroute traffic
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Self Healing
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A variation of DSL that has unequal upstream and downstream
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Asymmetrical
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Which topology has single site that acts as a central connection point for several other sites
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Star
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What is Upstream
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Data from customer to Carrier's switching facility
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