IS7000-3
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Complete list of Terms and Definitions for IS7000-3

Terms Definitions
This type of processor scheduling uses a set of priority levels and assigns a level to each process or thread Priority Based: Explicit Priority
What type of memory exhibits data remanence but is still volitile and data can be lost if power is turned off Static RAM
Gates - Resulting output opposite the input (also called inverter) NOT
Which RAID level is considered Striped with Parity RAID 5
Files and subdirectories can be contained within multiple directories Graph Directory Structure
Type of register used for addressing a memory location in the code segment of the memory, where the executable program is stored Code Segment Register
This can execute concurrently on a single processor or simultaneously on multiple processors Thread
What type of directory structure cannot have more than one parent Heirarchical
On a disk, this is a wedge shaped piece of the disk and can span multiple tracks Disk Sector
On a disk, what is one concentric circle Track
Gates - HIGH output results if both the inputs are LOW NOR
Type of register that communicates with I/O devices Input / Output Register
On the CPU, this accesses program instructions and issues appropriate commands to the ALU Control Unit
Type of register used to hold the address of the next instruction to be executed. Program Counter Register
Which RAID level is considered Striped and Mirrored RAID 10
Type of register that holds the instruction while it is being executed Instruction Register
Small internal storage locations that hold a single instruction or data item in flip flops Register
What state is the processor in if it is waiting for access to the CPU Ready
On a disk, this is a set of track sectors Cluster
Type of register that is used for addressing stack segment of memory - the memory used to store stack data Stack Segment Register
The allocation policy that always uses the most-recently freed suitable free block. LIFO Ordered First Fit
Gates - HIGH output results if one or both inputs are HIGH OR
In this RAID configuration, if one drive is lost, all data is lost RAID 0
Disk Scheduling Algorithms - After a request, go to the closest request in the work queue, regardless of direction. Starvation is possible SSTF - Shortest Seek Time First
In which RAID configuration is the capacity of the array reduced by one disk RAID 5
What type of memory is read-only and can be erased by ultraviolet light and reprogrammed EPROM
The allocation policy that always uses the least-frequently freed suitable free block FIFO Ordered first fit
Type of file system where all files share the same namespace File System Directory Structure
Which is volatile, SRAM or DRAM Both
What type of directory structure is also called a tree structure Heirarchical
Disk Scheduling Algorithms - Operations performed in the order requested - no reordering of work queues. No starvation - every request is serviced FCFS - First Come, First Served
What state is the processor in if the thread has control of the CPU Running
Disk Scheduling Algorithms - Go from the outside to the inside servicing requests and then back from the inside to the outside. Repeat SCAN
In which RAID configuration does the capacity of the array = the capacity of the smallest drive in the array RAID 1
This is also known as concurrent execution or interleaved execution CPU Sharing
What does RAID stand for Redundant Array of Inexpensive (or Independent) disks
The allocation policy that searches the free list from the beginning and uses the first free block large enough to satisfy the request First fit
Type of memory utilizing flip-flops where the circuit remembers its last position Static RAM
Keeps track of each process by creating and updating a data structure Process Control Block (PCB)
Type of register that holds the information on its way to and from the main memory Storage Register
The allocation policy that always allocates the largest free block Worst fit
Gates - HIGH output results if both inputs are HIGH AND
This type of processor scheduling always dispatches the ready thread that has been waiting the longest Priority Based: First come, First served
When does the running state end When the tread or its parent process terminates unexpectedly or an interrupt occurs
Which RAID level is considered mirrored only RAID 1
What type of directory structure can share directories Asyclic
SRAM has three states, what are they Standby, Reading, Writing
Type of file access method based on a disk model of a file - File is viewed as a numbered sequence of blocks or records Direct Access
Disk Scheduling Algorithms - Moves inward servicing requests until there are no more requests in that direction, then jumps to the outermost outstanding request C-LOOK
This can request and receive hardware resources and operating system services Process
On the CPU, this controls movement of data to and from CPU registers and other hardware components Control Unit
A flaw in a system or process whereby the output and/or result of the process is unexpectedly and critically dependent on the sequence of timing of other events. Race Condition
Gates - HIGH output results if both inputs are not HIGH NAND
On a disk, this is the intersection of a track and a sector Track Sector
What type of directory structure can use aliasing Asyclic
The allocation policy that always allocates from the smallest suitable free block. Suitable allocation mechanisms include sequential fit searching for a perfect fit, first fit on a size-ordered free block chain, segregated fits and indexed fits. Best fit
What type of memory is Flash memory EEPROM
What type of memory requires a periodic refresh DRAM
In what type of directory structure is the hard link the same as the original pointer Asyclic
Which RAID level combines 3 or more disks in a way that protects agains the loss of any one disk RAID 5
A unit of executing software that is managed independently by the operating system Process
A blocked thread is waiting for an event to occur Interrupt processing
Which RAID level has the best input/output performance RAID 0
Type of register that points to the data segment of the memory where the data resides Data Segment Register
Type of register that stores the result of the last processing step of the ALU Accumulator Register
What type of memory is read-only and can be erased by electrical signals and reprogrammed EEPROM
In which RAID configuration is the data duplicated across every drive in the array providing full redundancy RAID 1
On a disk, what is a set of matched tracks Cylinder
Flat circular platters with metallic coatings that are rotated beneath read/write heads Magnetic Disk
Gates - HIGH output results if both inputs are the same XOR
Which RAID level is considered Striped only RAID 0
Type of file access method based on the tape model of a file - it is the most common mode of access of files Sequential Access
This is the primary pathway for data transmission among hardware components System bus
Gates - HIGH output results if one and only one of the inputs is HIGH XOR
What type of memory typically contains one transistor and one capacitor per data bit DRAM
A portion of a process that can be scheduled and executed independently Thread
Disk Scheduling Algorithsm - Like SCAN, but stops moving inwards or outwards when no more requests in that direction exists LOOK
This type of processor scheduling chooses the next process to be dispatches based on the expected amount of CPU time needed to complete the process Priority Based: Shortest time remaining
This type of processor scheduling guarantees a minimum amount of CPU time to a thread if the thread makes an explicit request when it is created Real-Time Scheduling
What state is the processor in if the thread is suspended while an interrupt is being processed Blocked
Used for choosing a free block to satisfy an allocation request Memory allocation policy
Disk Scheduling Algorithims - Moves inwards servicing requests until it reaches the innermost cylinder, then jumps to the outside cylinder C-SCAN (Circular SCAN)
What type of memory does not need to be periodically refreshed Static RAM
On the CPU, this contains electrical circuits that implement each instruction Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
Type of register that holds the location of the next piece of data Address Register