Lipids - Simple and Complex
Description: Lipids - Simple and Complex
Complete list of Terms and Definitions for Lipids - Simple and Complex
| Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
| Where are glycerophospholipds found in the body? | In cell membranes, and myelin sheaths |
| Are glycerophosoholipids soluble in water? | Yes and they make great emulsifiers |
|
Glycerophospholipids, Amino alcohol group |
| What are examples of important glycerophospholipids? | Lecithin, cepahlins |
| How can you distinguish between fats and oils? | Fats - generally from animals, solids and saturated. Oils - generally from plants, unsaturated and and liquid at room temperature |
| Describe the structure triglycerides | 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone by ester bonds |
| Name 2 essential fatty acids | Linolenic and linoleic acid |
| Describe fatty acids | Long chain carboxlyic acids with an even no. of carbons |
| What are attached to the carbons in glycerol? | 3 hydroxl groups (OH) |
| Name the 4 important fatty acids for humans? | Palmitic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid,oleic acid, palmitoleic acid |
| How many carbons does glycerol have? | 3 |
| Palmitolic acid - 16:1;9 is a w-7 series fatty acid. What is it's systematic name and why? | 9 Hexa decenoic acid. 9 is the place of the 1st double bond from the carboxylic end. Hexadec - because of 16 carbons, enoic because it is unsaturated |
| Palmitolic acid - 16:1;9 is a w-7 series fatty acid. Why? | 16 carbons, 1 double bond at carbon 9 from the carboxlic end |
| Can fatty acids be used for energy? | Yes |
| T/F - Saturated fatty acids end with -enoic | False they end in -anoic |
| What are examples of essential Fatty acids? | Omega-3 - linolenic acid, Omega-6 - linoleic acid |
| Are some Omega-3 and Omega-6 essential fatty acids? | Yes |
| Are unsaturated fatty acids subject to Oxidation? | Yes |
| What are complex lipids made of? | They are esters of Fatty acids with Alcohol groups and additional groups attached |
| What are simple lipids made of? | They are esters of Fatty acids with Alcohol groups attached |
| What is the role that fatty acids play as messengers? | 1. Primary meesengers (steroid hormones) - deliver messages from one part of body to another. 2. Secondary messengers (prostaglandins), mediate hormonal response |
| What is the role that fatty acids play as membrane components? | They segregate areas of water in the body by forming membranes |
| What is the role that fatty acids play as storage of energy? | They are quick reserves of energy when energy intake is low |
| What are the 3 main roles that lipids play in the body? | 1, Storage of energy 2. Membrane Components 3. Messengers |
| Are fatty acids soluble in ether, chloroform, benzene? If so, why? | Yes as they are non-organic solvents and are non-polar |
| What do fatty acids combine with to be able to be soluble? | They attach to hydrophilic proteins |
| Are fatty acids soluble in water? | No |
| Linolenic acid has a numeric symbol of 18:3 (9,12,15). What does this mean? | 18 carbon chains, 3 double bonds from carboxyl end (9,12,15 carbons), unsaturated. |
| Palmitic Acid has a numeric symbol of 16:0? What does this mean? | 16 carbon chains, with no double bonds so is saturated fatty acid. |
| Does a saturated fatty acid have a double bond? | No. only unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds? |
| Are Fatty acids Hydrophilic or hydrophobic? | Hydrophobic |
| What are fatty acids? | Long chain carboxylic acids |
|
Sphingolipid, found in brain/nerve tissue/ myelin sheath, backbone of amino alcohol sphingosine |