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Definitions |
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surplus
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extra
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craftsmen
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skilled workers
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decade
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ten years
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Anubis
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god of embalming
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who is Menes
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Narmer
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beeswax
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Wax from bees
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Afterlife
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a life after death
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cataracts
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strong rapids or waterfalls
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Isis
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The Wife of Osiris
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iron
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Lustrous, silvery soft metal.
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Pharaoh Hatshepsut
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the first lady pharaoh
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desertification
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the gradual transformation of habitable land into desert
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trade routes
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paths followed by traders
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Old Kingdom
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time of pyramid building
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Narmer (Menes)
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king of upper Egypt
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heiroglyphics
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ancient Egyptian writing system using picture symbols for ideas or sounds
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Mastaba
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a flat, rectangular structure with slanting sides
earlies Egyption tombs
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The god of the dead was
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Osiris
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Mediterranean Sea
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Between Egypt an Asia Minor
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Hatshepsut
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first female pharaoh; New Kingdom ruler who encouraged trade
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Pyramids
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huge, stone tombs with four triangle-shaped sides that met in a point on top
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Hieroglyphics
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Writing system in which pictorial symbols stand for words or sounds
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Ma'at
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The Egyptian concept of truth, justice, and cosmic order, represented by a goddess, often portrayed with a feather upon her head
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reliefs
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carved, painted scenes on tomb walls
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Agriculture provided
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underlying sustenance for city life
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hieratic
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a type of ancient Egyptian cursive writing
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scarab
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beetle regarded as sacred by the ancient Egyptians; lays eggs in dung ball which hatch and produce live young
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Egypt
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A desert country that has little rainfall and is located in the northeastern of Africa
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delta
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flat, low-lying land built up from soil carried downstream by a river and deposited at its mouth
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Antiquity
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quality of being very old; ancient times;
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Menes
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pharoah who untied upper and lower egypt in 3100 b.c.
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Desert
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Borders Egypt on the west and east
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absolute power
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complete control of something or someone
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Silt
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Fine bits of rock and fertile soil
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relocate
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move or establish in a new location
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Sakkara
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The place of Pharaoh Zoser's step pyramid burial site
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flooding, Dam
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____________is controlled by the Aswan _________ (nile related)
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Ahmose
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New Kingdom pharoah who drove the Hyksos out of the Nile Delta and reunited Egypt
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mummification
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a process of embalming and drying corpses to prevent them from decaying
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The Egyptian god of the afterlife, weighted a person's heart against the feather of truth
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Osiris
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Step Pyramid
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First pyramid to be built in Egypt
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natron
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a powdery, white salt that had the ability to draw water from the skin and other tissues
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Nile River
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Most of Egypts population lives along the Nile River due to fertile land
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pyramid
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a massive memorial with a square base and four triangular sides
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Picture writing, Hieroglyphics
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Egypt and Sumer communicated with this.
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papyrus
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a plant that grows beside the nile river, also used to write on
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Mummy
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A dissected body wrapped in silk, made to preserve and prepare the body for the after life
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middle kingdom
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no more pyramids, pharoh had less power, & they traded with outside countries
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Thoth
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God of writing and counting, had head of an ibis, often with moon crescent; sometimes depicted as a baboon, most of the time with an ibis head, record results of heart weigh in, scribe.
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Narmer Palette
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An artifact which supports the theory that Narmer unified Egypt because it shows him wearing both the white and red crown.
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Queen Hatshepsut
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egyptian quee, she worked to increase trade with places outside of egypt and ordered many impressive monuments and temples but during her reign.
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New Kingdom
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the period which Egypt reached the height of its power and glory
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Maadi
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trade link between the delta and Upper Egypt
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cataract
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a descent of water over a steep surface; a waterfall, esp. one of considerable size.
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Upper Egypt
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The area in southern Egypt located on the upper part of the Nile River.
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cartouche
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oval loop used to contain the name of a pharoh
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hieroglyph
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a picture that stands for a word or letter
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shadoof
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tool used to lift water from the river for irrigation
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3300 BCE
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first walled towns appear in the upper Nile (aka. Upper Egypt), at Nagada and Hierakonpolis
tombs for rulers and elites were built nearby, showing new levels of social stratification
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embalming
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What is a treating to a dead body with preservatives to prevent it from decaying?
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Burial practices
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body needed to be preserved so that it could go into the afterlife and the spirit could recognize its body. embalmed the body.
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Valley of the Kings
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the place where many pharaohs and rulers were buried in Egypt
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Jean Francois Champollion
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he decoded the rosetta stone so we can now understand hiroygliphics
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What are the three languages on the Rosetta Stone?
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Hieroglyphics, Demonic and Greek
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Tombs were filled with beautiful jewelry, clothing, and food because _____________.
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Egyptians believed the dead could use them in the afterlife
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what type of people worked on the building of pyramids and how were they paid
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farmers during the none harvesting seson and they got paid by food
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draining of the swampland for more room for farming and digging a canal from the Nile to the Red Sea for transportation
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What were some of the projects taken on in the Middle Kingdom?
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