Complete List of Terms and Definitions for Intro to 2

Terms Definitions
Vertical orientation is called _______. Portrait
Another name for imperative programming languages is __________ languages. procedural
A_____ is when Access rearranges selected data alphabetically, numerically, or chronologically sort
An ___________ _________ creates software code based on a detailed explanation of the data that needs to be processed. It generates the code needed to create a program to perform the task specified by the programmer. application generator
A ____-______ interface allows the user to choose a command option from a menu. menu-driven
true or false: online secondary storage services test your computer's RAM memory FALSE
Storage The operation of saving data, programs, or output for future use.
Another name for a directory is _____. Folder
The __________ programming language paradigm defines the programming process as involving the development of a series of commands that can be carried out by a computer to accomplish a desired result.
The ___________ paradigm views programming as involv 		procedural, declarative, functional
_______ protect new ideas by giving inventors a monopoly on an invention for a certain period of time. patents
A _-_ line generally represents the fastest method of Internet access, with a transmission rate of 44.736 megabits per second. T-3
______ graphics are another name for bit-mapped graphics. raster
the company who is the main manufacturer of micro processors for non-Apple computers Intel
Desktop The background work are displayed on the screen in Microsoft Windows.
Processing Performing operations on data that has been input into a computer to convert that input to output
The program included with windows that allows users to view and manage files and folders is called________. Windows Explorer
A_____ is a formatted display or printout of the ocntents of one or more tables in a database. Report
The ______ process allows a user to establish a remote connection with a computer that is linked to the Internet. telnet
A ________ ________ is an electronic or electromechanical hardware device that is used for entering data into, and displaying data from, a computer or a computing system. computer terminal
A ____ __________ utility serves to change files from Macintosh to IBM-compatible formats. file conversion
_____-__-______ ________, or PPP, is a data-link protocol commonly used in establishing a direct connection between two networking nodes. It can provide connection authentication, transmission encryption privacy, and compression. Point-to-Point Protocol
RAM units are capable of both _______ and receiving memory content. sending
An _____ ______ a computer program used to manage a user's email. email client
The _______ virus was a well-publicized macro virus that caused itself to be sent to individuals in a user's Outlook contact list.
___ ________ was another rapidly spreading worm virus. 		Melissa, SQL Slammer
_________ computers were designed to serve hundreds of users at one time. _____________ served smaller numbers of users, usually in the dozens. ______________ and desktop systems are designed to serve single users. mainframe, minicomputers, microcomputers
To preserve the most formatting information when saving a text document, the RTF (____ ____ ______) should be used. rich text format
The columns on a spreadsheet or worksheet are usually labeled with _______. _______ are usually used to name the rows on a worksheet. letters, numbers
are comparisons such as "equal to", "greater than", or "less than". logical operations
the process retrieving data from a storage device read
What is a port? External I/O devices (mouse, keyboard, printer, etc) connect to the motherboard through a port.
Computer Network A collection of computers and other hardware devices that are connected together to share hardware, software, and data, as well as to communicate electronically with one another.
Mainframe computer a computer used in large organizations that need to manage large amounts of centralized data and run multiple programs simultaneouly.
A____ is used when you want to find and work with data that meets certain criteria or a specific set of conditions Query
__ ______ is a small, fast memory cache that is built in to a CPU and helps speed access to important and frequently-used data. L1 cache
A ___ _____ of a digital discrete signal (such as image or sound) is a set of bits having the same position in the respective binary numbers. bit plane
An ______ is a small program that is embedded in a Web page and interpreted and executed by a Web browser. applet
A SIMM, or single in-line memory module, is a type of memory module containing ______ ______ ______ used in computers from the early 1980s to the late 1990s. random access memory
What is paralell processing? More than one processor, usually managed by a control CPUBreaks up instructions into “threads” and feeds a thread to each processorReassembles the threads after having been processed
How do programers program? Programmers begin with an algorithm: a set of step-by-step instructions (written in a natural language, e.g., English)Algorithms are ambiguous, error-prone generalities (imagine skipping recipe step 3)Algorithms are translated into the vocabulary of a programming language
A_____ is a value in a primary key field that makes the record unique Key Value
instruction register the part of a CPU's control unit that stores the instruction currently being executed or decoded.
A _____ virus is a virus that is written in a _____ language: that is to say, a language built into a software application such as a word processor. macro, macro
a cable connected to this kind of port sends 8 bits simultaneously parallel port
What does storage allow for? Allows a computer to “permanently” retain large amounts of data
Thin Client A PC designed to access a network for processing and data storage, instead of performing those tasks locally. aka network computer
programmable read-only memory (PROM) 
field programmable read-only memory (FPROM)
one-time programmable non-volatile memory (OTP NVM) 		a form of digital memory where the setting of each bit is locked by a fuse or antifuse. Such PROMs are used to store programs permanently. The key difference from a strict ROM is that the programming is applied after the device is constructed.
What are the three different characteristics among microprocessors? Instruction set: the set of instructions that the microprocessor can execute (RISC, CISC)Bandwidth: the number of bits processed in a single instruction (e.g., 64-bit processor)Clock speed: determines how many instructions (cycles per second, or hertz) the processor can execute (MHz, GHz)
What is meant by the term binary? The computer can recognize two values: high and low (on/off, true/false, yes/no). This is what is meant by the term binary
What are the Features of a Graphic User Interface? Features a GUI that utilizes windows, icons, and mouse to make it relatively easy for novices to use the computer productively (point and click)