Complete List of Terms and Definitions for Nationalism, Sectionalism and

Terms Definitions
Anthony Merry British ambassador
Moses Cleveland founded Cleveland, Ohio
Clermont robert fulton's first steamboat
John Marshall the chief justice
Slavery biggest factor of sectionalism
Alamo cornerstone of Texas identity, mythology makes it a crucial stand for freedom
Tenskawata "The Prophet", brother of Tecumseh
1850 manufacturing surpasses agricultre in _____
Corporation Modern descendent of joint-stock company; Selling stock to pool more money, less risk
Wildcat Banks name for state banks
James Wilkinson governor of LA territory
Webster Ma, defends union in W-H debate
nativism The assumption that a person's characteristics are largely inborn. Also known as the nature perspective.
USS Constitution "old ironsides", outmaneuver british ship
American System Comprehensive system to propose economically for nation, stimulate economy
John C. Calhoun Monroe's secretary of war
nullification Hartford convention tried to give states power of _____ (like KY and VA resolves)
Captain James Lawrence captain of USS Chesapeake
Yazoo Land Fraud AKA Fletcher vs. Peck
henry clay (KY) speaker of the house
discriminatory tax purpose to promote econ. and self-sufficiency: south thinks it only helps north
Eaton Affair dispute over treatment of AJ's secretary of state's wife, she was called a whore by everyone (especially JCC) defended by AJ
"Corrupt Bargain" John Quincy Adams wins election (chosen by house of rep.) symbol of forces that divide pol. structure into 2 parties: democratic party born
Bible riots In 1844 in Philadelphia, sixteen people were killed and thirty buildings were destroyed by Protestant mobs over the issue of which version of the Bible should be used in predominantly Catholic schools.
Joseph Smith religious leader who founded the Mormon Church in 1830 (1805-1844)
Webster-Ahburton Treaty 1842 solves Maine border dispute, divides disputed territory in half. sig= friendly Anglo-Am. rel'shp
Mohawk Genesse Turnpike turnpike (NE-Lake Erie-Ohio River) band hold US together
compromise bill federal government presents _____ to the farmers after they got frauded
Tallmadge Amendment 1. prohibited further introduction of slaves into MO 2. Children of slaves already in MO would be freed on 25th Birthday
Market Revolution a great change towards manufacturing and factories, and growth of cotton plantations in south
Household growing economy away from the _____ system
Protective Tariff Not revenue raising, instead excluding goods from the competition.
John Quincy Adams Monroe's new secretary of state
Samuel Slater considered the father of American Industrial Revolution
Seminoles Indian tribe that was attacking at will in Florida
1808 madison gets elected in election of ____
Cyrus Field 1866 set 1st succesfful transatlantic cable
Impressment one of the biggest problems with British doing to US sailors
Webster-Hayne Debate debate over land bill becomes proxy for sec'l conflict, SC argues states rights, Ma protects Union
Bear Flag republic nickname for California after it declared independence from Mexico in 1846
John Astor owns fur company in west, establishes US presence
Major Ridge Cherokee chief who signed the Treaty of New Echota and was consequently killed
Nicolas Biddle director of the National Bank. granted loans to congressmen. extended the power of the National Bank.
Martin Van Buren "the little magician" invents modern democratic party, succeeds Jackson due to whigs disorganization
Tariff of 1832 gov't surpluses lead to reduced rates-SC says its unconstitutional therfore void- hints at secession
Great Compromiser Henry Clay (KY), made the great Missouri compromise, thus getting nickname
Lowell System like waltham system but bigger scale created the factory town, farm girls come and live there
cotton gin picks out seeds, makes black seed cotton profitable. Revolutionary
Charles Wilson Peale, Gilbert Stewart, John Trumbull famous national artists
Milan Decree December 1807. Issued by Napoleon. Any ship that complies with Orders in Council would be considered "British" and subject to seizure.
National Bank 20 year charter 1791-1811 ended, so wanted a new _____
Continental System napoleon tries to cut off trade between continental europe and british
Latin America region that tries go get independence from spain
Old Hickory nickname of andrew jackson because he was tough, disciplined, determined to win.
status quo antebellum way things were before the war
Impressment Controversy british sailors ditch british and go to US, British get mad and start impressing even native US sailiors
Harman Blennerhasset owner of castle in island at intersection of Ohio and Mississippi River
Clipper new type of american ship. Small cargo hold, very fast
John Randolph leader of quids, has high pitched voice
Sam Houston President of the Lone Star Republic of Texas
Stephen F. Austin invited in 1821 (when Mex. gained indep) to bring settlers
Brigham Young the leader of the Mormons who took them to the Great Salt Lake (Utah)- succeeded Smith
Battle of Chapultepec sept 12 1847 victory over mexican forces holding down chapultepec castle west of mexico city during the mexican american war. Winfield Scott led the attack including robert e lee. US victory
Lowell Mills textile mill located in a factory town in Massachusetts that employed farm girls who lived in company-owned boardinghouses
Alexis de Tocqueville He wrote a two-volume Democracy in America that contained insights and pinpointed the general equality among people. He wrote that inequalities were less visible in America than France.
Tariff of Abominations 1828- aimed at discrediting JQA, South calls it discriminatory tax
1810 census found out that there were 1 million people west of appalachians
Second National Bank re-charter in 1816, More risky, lent money too much, want profit, but collapses
Economic Nationalism we had a period of _____ (hamilton wouldve been proud) Subsidize (government pays for) internal improvements- roads, etc.
Berlin Decree 1806, No ship from Britain can enter any port of France or her allies on continent
Chesapeake Affair british stops US ship and takes 4 sailors, prompts Jefferson to act
Battle of New Orleans Jan 8, 1815, Frontiersmen fired effectively, like machine gun. Mow down British troops on suicide alley. Huge morale victory for US. Lots of British men lost
Treaty of Ghent December 24, 1814 Ends the war. Madison.
John Ross a chief of the Cherokee who took the Indian problem before the Supreme Court
Lone Star Republic Texas b/w indep. from Mex. and annex. to Am.
Annexation of Texas 10yr debate, N against bc it will upset pol. balance, annexed w/ Oregon to maintain balance
Freight rates _____ dropped from $100 to $10 due to erie canal
Macon's Bill #2 1810, opens up trade with britain and france, but if either one removes their trade restrictions, then we will trade with only that one and embargo the other
USS Chesapeake ship that got lured out and beaten by Shannon (british ship)
Investment and Internal Improvements the part of american system that failed, wanted lots of roads, bridges, and canals
Adam-Onis Treaty 1818 US purchase of Fl & last seg of Miss. established transcontinental line w/ Span
Missouri Compromise 1. MO would enter as a slave state 2. Maine would enter as a free state- preserves Senate balance 3. Rest of LA territory north of 36 30' parallel- no slavery. Preserves balance in Senate for 30 years
Land Speculation in the West- hang on to land, wait for price to rise, sells for money surplus but if price goes down, screwed, can't even pay back loan