| Terms |
Definitions |
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Hyperbole
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exaggeration
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Antithesis
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exact opposite
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spondaic
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stressed, stressed
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Spondee
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/ /
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oblivion
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entirely forgotten
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tercet
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3 line stanza
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paradox
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(logic) a self-contradiction
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Alliteration
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Repetition of sounds
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ode
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poem of praise
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narrative poetry
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tells a story
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three feet per line
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trimeter
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anapestic
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three syllable foot--unstressed unstressed stressed
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octameter
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eight feet per line
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Elergy
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short usually sad poem
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4 feet in line
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tetrameter
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For the dead union
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Robert Lowell
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musee des beaux arts
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w.h. auden
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Masculine Rhyme
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Rhyming of single-syllable words
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simile
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comparison using like, as, etc.
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Delicious
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having a very pleasing taste
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Verse
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the lines of a poem
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accent
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distinctive manner of oral expression
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Caesura
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A pause when reading poetry
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allusion
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a reference to something literary, mythological, or historical that the author assumes the reader will recognize
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symbolism
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When one thing represents itself literallyand something else figuratively.
ex.An eagle figuratively represents freedom
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personification
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non-human subject is given human qualities
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Sentimentality
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exploits the reader by inducing responses that exceed what the situation warrants
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Bio Poem
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poem that tells about you
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Imagery
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the representation of sense experience in language
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Soliloquy
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a (usually long) dramatic speech intended to give the illusion of unspoken reflections
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Tone
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the author's attitude toward what he/she is writing about.
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consonance
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the repetition of consonance sounds. It is not limited to the first letters of words.
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foot
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the smallest repeated pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in line of verse
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Euphony
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The use of compatible, harmonious sounds to produce a pleasing, melodious effect
Ex. And the smooth stream in smoother numbers flows
Alexander Pope "Sound and Sense"
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haiku
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three-line, Japanese poem of seventeen syllables; line one has five syllables, line two has seven syllables, line three has five syllables
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limerick
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5 anapestick lines with aabba rhyme, stressed syllables/line is 33223
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Quatrain
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A poem or stanza of four lines.
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sound techniques
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used to emphasize certain sounds, certain meaning, and to help create the meaning of the poem
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rhythm
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the modulation of weak and strong (stressed and unstressed) elements in the flow of speech
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pentameter
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A verse line having five metrical feet.
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suprise endings
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End strongly with an unexpected ending
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meter
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a regular and rhythmic pattern in verse. when stresses occur at fixed intervals.
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Rhyme
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Words that have similar sounds in their last syllable.
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couplet
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Two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme.
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Rythme
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a pattern in the stressed and unstressed syllables
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anapest
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a metrical foot consisting of two unaccented syllables followed by one accented syllable
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Lyric
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originally a song performed in ancient Greece to the accompaniment of a lyre. A term now used for any fairly short poem in the voice of a single speaker
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enjambment
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the continuation of a syntactic unit from one line of verse into the next line without a pause
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onomatopoeia
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using words that imitate the sound they denote
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Metonymy or synecdoche
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one part represents the whole
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Oxymoron
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a compact paradox in which two successive words seemingly contradict each other
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syllepsis
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a stylistic device in which 1 word modifies 2 or more differently
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Symbol
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a person, place, thing, or action that has literal meaning but it also stands for something else (it has metaphorical meaning).
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free verse famous poet
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Deborah Randall, "Don't Smack Again"
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What kind of foot is this? Ladybird, Ladybird, fly away
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dactyl
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Epigram
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Succinct and witty poem that is funny often written in couplets
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Shakespearean Sonnet
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A poem consisting of three quatrains and a couplet.
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image
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n. a mental picture of something a vivid description
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Irony
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the use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning
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symbols
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designs that stand for other things or ideas
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refrain
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a regularly repeated line or group of lines in a poem or song
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Rhetorical Substitution
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The manipulation of the caesura to achieve the effect of the true metrical substitution
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apostrophe
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direct address to a person or object not usually speken to
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ballad
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a song or songlike poem that tells a story
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Eye Rhyme
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Two words that look like they rhyme but don't (laughter and daughter)
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free verse
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Poetry that does not have a regular rhythm, line length,or rhyme sceme.
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Metaphor- Implied
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Does not direct tell the reader that one this is something else
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Repetition
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when a word, a phrase, or an entire line of a poem is repeated...it is done for effect.
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iambic pentameter
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a common meter in poetry consisting of an unrhymed line with five feet or accents, each foot containing an unaccented syllable and an accented syllable.
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general form of sonnet
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presents a problem, discusses it, resolves it (thought process).
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rhyme scheme
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a regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem, is indicated by using different letters of the alphabet for each new rhyme
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end rhyme
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rhymes occuring at the end of the poetic line
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figurative language
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Language and writing that uses one or more figures of speech (irony, metaphor....)
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internal rhyme
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occurs within the line and add to the music of the poem (once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary)
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Dramatic Monologue
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A poem where a speaker reveals part of their personality to a silent audience
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verbal irony
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A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant
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stanza
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a group of lines in a poem or song that constitute a division (in prose: paragraph)
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Third person point of veiw
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A character not part of the story or poem.
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agency
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freewill
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divining
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guessing
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hexameter
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six feet
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frisk
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move playfully
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tetrameter
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four feet
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White Space
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signals meaning
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iambic foot
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unstressed, stressed
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metaphor
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an implied comparison
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Stress
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empahsis on syllable
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Narrative Poem
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tells a story
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assonance
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repetition of vowel sounds
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Blank Verse
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unryhmed iambic pentameter
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sonnet
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lyric poem of 14 lines
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" Sailing to Byzantium"
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By: Yeates
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narrative
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poem which tells a story
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Whitman
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"To a Locomotive in Winter"
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BALANCED
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STRESSED AND UNSTRESSED SYLLABLES DISTRIBUTED FAIRLY SYMMETRICALLY. MARKED WITH <-->
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rhythem
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pattern of stresses and unstresses syllables
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"Hope" is the thing with feathers
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Dickinson
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colloquialism
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an expression used often in conversation by a specific group of people
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dactylic
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foot containing three syllables first is stressed, last two are unstressed
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poetry
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an imaginative awareness of experience expressed through meaning, sound, and rhythmic language choice so as to evoke an emotic response
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Dramatic
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poetry that has characteristics of drama
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title
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the given name of a poem
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feet
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meter is determined in units of feet
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Alleteration
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The repetition of same consonant sound in one line
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juxtaposition
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to place to seemingly opposing forces together in order to have their contract make a point
ex. comparing a picture of a baby with a old person
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dactyl
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a metrical foot consisting of one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables
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informal diction
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the plain language of everyday use
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Even though death may separate lovers in body, if there love is powerful enough they remain united.
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theme
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allegory
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is a litery work that's metaphoricall and stands for something else (The Road Not Take Robert Frost)
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structure
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the arrangement of materials within a work; the relationship of the parts of a work to the whole; the logical divisions of a work
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olfactory image
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something described in terms of smell
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I Saw a Chapel All of Gold
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Blake
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synecdoche
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letting one part of something stand for that thing
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denotation
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the dictionary definition of the word as supposed to its suggested meaning (connotation)
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Concrete
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What are shape poems also known as?
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bathoses
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a ludicrous descent from the exalted or lofty to the commonplace; anticlimax.
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iamb
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a metrical foot of two syllables, one short (or unstressed) and one long (or stressed). This is the reverse of the trochee.
Ex: the word nizsum, ni ZSUM.
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Octave
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An octave is a verse form consisting of eight lines of iambic pentameter
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Idiom
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personal use of words that mark a poet's poetry "way with words"
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theme
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the central idea or message in a poem
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colloquial
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refers to a type of informal diction that reflects casual, conversational language and often includes slang expressions
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epic
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a long narrative poem that records the adventures of a hero; typically chronicles the origins of a civilization and embodies its central values
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Villanelle
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a closed poetic form on 19 lines, composed of five triplets and a quatrain. the form requires that whole lines be repeated in a specific order an that only two rhyme sounds occur throughout
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Satire
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The literary art of ridiculing a folly or vice in order to expose or connect it.
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Nursery Rhyme
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Quatrains in a characteristic style of children's verse, chiefly iambic tetrameter and a rhyme scheme of couplets or abab. Modern poets writing for adults use this genre to heighten the ironic effect of the message.
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true rhyme
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when words have the same ending sounds
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Extended Metaphor
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A metaphor that is developed over several lines of writing
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ballad meter
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a four-line stanza rhymed abcd with four feet in lines one and three and three feet in lines two and four.
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pure rhyme
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initial sounds of a word differ, & rest of the sound is identical (sing/wing)
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point of view
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concentrates on the vantage point of the speaker in a poem
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apocopated rhyme
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occurs when the last syllable of one of the rhyming words is missing
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Approximate Rhyme
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Words that do not have exact chiming sounds, but that repeat only some sounds (near rhyme; slant rhyme).
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multiple-meaning words
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words that can have more than 1 meaning
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pronoun
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a part of speech used as a substitute for a noun or noun phrase
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Slant (half) Rhyme
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Rhymes that are not completely the same
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diamante
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a poem in the shape of a diamond; each line uses specific words
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Figurative or Connotation
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Dad told his son abruptly, "Kid, pick yourself up by the boot straps and move on."
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line (verse)
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word or row of words that may or may not form a complete sentence
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double end rhyme
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occurs at the end of a line with a double syllable word
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if I in my north room
dance naked, grotesquely
before my mirror
waving my shirt round my head
and singing softly to myself:
"I am lonely, lonely.
I was born to be lonely,
I am best so!"
Who shall say I am not
the happy genius of my household?
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Danse Russe by William Carlos Williams
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