| Terms |
Definitions |
|
Renaissance
|
Rebirth
|
|
Epithalamia
|
wedding songs
|
|
Protestant
|
against Church Lutheran
Protest
|
|
Ptolemy
|
Geocentric "Earth-centered" theory
|
|
Free thought/actions; naturalism; question the church
|
Humanism
|
|
materialism
|
people want more stuff
|
|
Albrecht Durer
|
knowledge in Geometry
woodcutter
scientific illustrator
|
|
marble
|
Michelangelo's sculptures were usually done with...
|
|
Pieter Bruegel
|
painted of peasants
Oil Paintings
Paited "A Peasant Feast"
|
|
raphael
|
created the schools of Athens
|
|
erasmus
|
poked fun at church officials
|
|
johann gutenberg
|
invented the printing press
|
|
"jacqueries"
|
massive insurrections of peasants. France, 1358. Rebellion of workers against price and wage controls imposed by govt. in wake of Black Death and labor shortages. "Jacque" was the somewhat derogatory term used to describe the French peasant. Some now even questioned the whole class structure in late medieval Europe.
|
|
Michelangelo
|
sculptor and artist; painted the Sistine Chapel's ceiling; sculpted the statue of David and Cieta; designed the dome for St. Peter's Cathedral in Vatican City
|
|
guild
|
an association in a particular trade
|
|
Machiavelli
|
from Florence, different from other humanists in that he didn't care about virtue, but practicality
|
|
Giotto
|
lamentation 1310, 3d bodies situated in real space, backs towards viewer.
|
|
Vivaldis?
|
Italian brothers, sail west through straits of Gibraltar.
|
|
Equivocate
|
to purposely mislead or deceive without technically doing so
|
|
great schism
|
severing of christian community, division of roman empire
|
|
Dante
|
wrtoe Divine Comedy; voyage through heaven, Hell. Purpose of man's life and reward and punishment in the afterlife: Individulism
|
|
Antiphonal
|
listening to sound from different sources.
|
|
jesuits
|
Members of the society of Jesus.
|
|
Latin Bible
|
First printed book (by Gutenberg)
|
|
James II
|
follows in his father's footsteps, eventually abdicates throne and goes to Scotland
|
|
Manor
|
land and property under a lord's control
|
|
italian renaissance
|
europeans who believed they witnesed rebirth of greek/roman worlds, lack of centralized power
|
|
Sir Thomas Moore
|
English statesman who wrote Utopia-everyone equal
|
|
Utopia
|
Book by Thomas Moore on perfect world
|
|
monarchy
|
government ruled by a king or queen
|
|
a lyrical poem that celebrated the pleasures of simple, rural life
|
Pastoral
|
|
MANTEGNA
|
carried on Masaccio's work; Padua and Mantua; historical depictions; murals about the legend of St. James
|
|
James VI
|
patronized Shakespeare and sponsored a new translation of the Bible
|
|
galley
|
then-warship propelled by oars and a sail
now-ship's kitchen
|
|
Ghibelline
|
during the Italian Ren these were pro-imperial (Holy Roman Emperor) faction in endemic warfare betw. city states.
|
|
Granada
|
The Muslim kingdom that Spain later conquered. In 1502, the Muslims were forced to convert to Christianity or be expelled or killed.
|
|
Lorenzo de Medici
|
padronism, paying artists to paint
|
|
aside
|
a brief comment from one character to another or to the audience
|
|
Loggia
|
a roofed arcade or gallery with open sides stretching along the front or side of a building
|
|
100 Year War
|
French vs. English fight for power
|
|
Hans Holbein
|
painted a portrait of King Henry VIII
|
|
copernicus
|
created a theory tat the earth orbits the sun and rotates on its axis
|
|
Ignatious Loyola
|
Founded the society of Jesus resisted the speed of Protstantism wrote SPIRITUAL EXCERCISES.
|
|
who was responsible for inventing the movable type printing press in europe?
|
johann gutenberg
|
|
ONE THING IS SPOKEN OR WRITTEN ABOUT AS IF IT WERE ANOTHER
|
METAPHOR
|
|
heresy
|
from the greek word meaning to choose, it is the rejection of the accepted doctrine of the group by a member of the same group
|
|
Henry VII:
|
1485-1509, First Tudor king of England after gaining throne by force. Brought England out of War of Roses, restored order and established strong monarchy. suspended livery and maintenance, encouraged trade, balanced budget, established Star Chamber for law & order.
|
|
John Donne
|
Who was the "playboy to preacher" who was a descendent of St. Thomas More, was a metaphysical poet, who abandoned and later wrote against Catholicism, and was a Protestant dean?
|
|
Urbino
|
location of court in "The Book of the Courtier"
|
|
Johannes Gutenberg
|
printed the first full edition of the bible; developed the printing press which started the printing revolution
|
|
Leonardos illegitimacy
|
because of this, he taught himself to write, read, and think, writes left and right handed
|
|
a krumphorn
|
beginning of the 15th century, a reed instrument. Like blowing over a soda bottle, sounded rispey.
|
|
laughed
|
leo offered to sell his ideas in times of crises, but was often _____ at the unbelievable ideas
|
|
Fresco
|
a durable method of painting on a wall by using watercolors on wet plaster
|
|
Humanist History
|
took a new view of history: scientific history (taking the roles God and miracles out of history)
|
|
vellum
|
a fine parchment made of the skin of a newly born lamb, calf, or goat, highly prized for writing
|
|
Pietro de Medici
|
was the youngest son of Cosimo de Medici
|
|
Pope Leo X
|
He labeled Martin Luther a heretic and excommunicated him.
|
|
what was literature about?
|
new ideas, new technology for books, more readers
|
|
School of Athens
|
a fresco by the artist, Raphael. It is a grandly conceived portrayal of the masters of Western philosophy. It is virtually a perfect example of Renaissance technique. It depicts Plato and Aristotle surrounded by the great scientists and philosopher of antiquity, who are portrayed with features of Raphael's famous contemporaries, including da Vinci and Michelangelo.
|
|
Name 4 major Italian city states
|
Milan, Florence, Genoa, Venice, Pisa, Romagna (Papal States)
|
|
1st thing Renaissance could not have taken form without!
|
Economic Growth and Spread of Wealth
|
|
How did Spain strengthen its royal authorities?
|
1. hermandades tamed the rebellious aristocracy
2. reconstruction of the royal council
3. made alliance with Spanish pope Alexander VI to have the right to appoint bishops
|
|
why was leonardo da vinci a renaissance man?
|
he was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist.
|
|
Who were the Medici and how did they maintain control over Florence?
|
They were merchants and bankders who controlled Florence through their personal wealth and prestige as patrons of the arts
|
|
Zuccone
|
Donatello
|
|
Josquin Desprez
|
Motet
|
|
Galileo
|
Invented Telescope
|
|
1517
|
date the reformation
|
|
focus?
|
individual achievment/worldly concerns: individualism: humanism
|
|
architecture
|
reached new heights
|
|
S
|
stop spread of protestants
|
|
Humanism
|
Way of thinking and learning
|
|
Botticelli
|
painter, Primavera, Birth of Venus
|
|
leonardo da vinci
|
was an architect,engineer,painter,sculptor,and scientist
|
|
Henry
|
"the navigator", effectively started the age of exploration
|
|
Puritanism
|
Espoused rejection of Catholic ritual
|
|
sailors/ship builders
|
What were Venetians known for?
|
|
Petrarch
|
Father of humanism, claimed middle ages as dar Ages, famous poetry
|
|
Minor Guilds
|
Smaller associations [ex: bakers, tanners, etc]
|
|
Queen Elizabeth (Elizabethan Settlement)
|
Queen of England
|
|
Niccolo Macchiavelli
|
Important theorist, wrote "The Prince"
Main idea was "the end justifies the means"
|
|
indulgences
|
pardons for sins, could be bought
|
|
Tribute Money, from Brancacci Chapel Interior, Florence
|
Massacio
|
|
Secular-
|
concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters
|
|
Nicholas of Cusa
|
1401-1464, Rhinelander, churchman whose mystical philosophy entered into the later development of mathematics and science.
|
|
wealthy
|
Florence was the first to grow _________
|
|
secularism
|
The belief in material things instead of religious things. This was a shift away from Medieval thinking.
|
|
individualism
|
another basic feature of the Italian renaissance stressing personality, uniqueness, genius, self-consciousness
|
|
Renaissance Developments
|
Why did the Reformation Succeed- Printing press and the move toward vernacular literate broadcasts Luther's message to a wider audience at greater speed previously known
|
|
Peter Paul Rubens
|
blended realistic tradition with classical themes and artistic freedom of the italian renaissance.
|
|
The Prince
|
book written by Niccolo Machiavelli; advised rulers how to obtain power and keep it
|
|
counter-reformation
|
major reform effort in the Catholic church; fostered a more spiritual outlook, clarified church doctrines, and pursued a campaign against Protestantism
|
|
Humanities
|
subjects that come from ancient rome such at rhetoric and poetry
|
|
Calvinism.
|
Predestination was one of the main doctrines of
|
|
Indulgence
|
Forgiveness; trying to be forgiven of sin
|
|
predestination
|
the belief that god has already predetermined from birth wether you are or aren't going to heaven
|
|
Mercator Map
|
shows directions accurately; sizes and distances are distorted
|
|
Brunelleschi
|
C: Ad. 1425.
Studied optical theory and applied it to paintings.
Drew optical geometrical grid lines on canvas to create proportion.
|
|
Ninety-five Theses
|
Luther nailed his list to Wittenburg
|
|
sailed around South America to Philippines
crew circumnavigated the globe
|
Ferdinand Magellan
|
|
Bocaccio, Decameron
|
his most famous work consisted of tales that were a social commentary ofn 14th century Italy. His goal was to impart wisdom of human character and behavior. He also wrote his most famous work in Italian.
|
|
Plebeians
|
in ancient Rome, member of the lower class, including farmers, artisans, merchants, and traders.
|
|
Wyclif and Lollards
|
Church Reforms; showed disgust against clerical corruption and said religious writers should use vernacular lang.
|
|
realism
|
: an artistic style dating from the Renaissance that attempts to visually represent people and objects as they exist naturally (the Mona Lisa)
|
|
humanists
|
roger ascham was a leader of these, focused on people and how to make life better and easier
|
|
Renaissance Architecture
|
3. Architecture
a. Focus on a scientific method for building
b. Brings back classical ideas of symmetry , using the arch way , build cities with many structs not all large , was many more permanent structures
c. Began to think about the idea of an ordered and planned city
|
|
Printing Press
|
invented by Johann Gutenberg in 1454; first book was Gutenberg Bible; changed private and public lives of Europeans; used for war declarations, battle accounts, treaties, propaganda; laid basis for formation of distinct political parties; enhanced literacy, people sought books on all subjects
|
|
republic
|
a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them
|
|
Niccolo Machiavelli
|
Italian writer and politician he wrote the book "The Prince"
|
|
Age of Discovery
|
this time period is charactarized by confrontation between ancient civilizations in Africa, Asia, the Americas, and Europe. Europe goes in search of the New World for two reasons: Wealth and spreading Christianity
|
|
Paintbrush
|
a brush used as an applicator to apply paint
|
|
life in Italy
|
Italy earlier than elsewhere lost its mediaeval characteristics and assumed those of the modern type. We may truly say that the Renaissance was cradled in the cities of mediaeval Italy. The Italians, to use again the words of Symonds, were " the firstborn among the sons of modern Europe."
|
|
Bocaccio The Decameron
|
A work that portrays an acquisitive, sensual, and worldly society through descriptions of merchants, friars, and husbands in a humorous way.
|
|
Church Fees
|
You have to pay to receive the sacraments.
|
|
Queen Elizabeth I
|
Queen of England that brought peace between Protestants and Catholics in England
|
|
Movable Printing Machine
|
books produce faster. Made in 1450. First book produce was the Bible by Johannes Gutenburg.
|
|
what is a therocracy
|
a government ruled by one person
|
|
Luis Milan 1500-1560
|
published "El Maestro" a collection of instrumenta music. 3 tempos-Algo Apriessa, Compas a Espacio, Compas Batido
|
|
mosaic rhyme
|
a type of multiple rhyme in which a single multisyllabic word is made to rhyme with two or more words
|
|
Sir walter raleigh
|
beheaded after 15 years in tower of london
|
|
Catherine of Aragon
|
16 December 1485 - 7 January 1536), also known as Katherine or Katharine, was Queen of England
|
|
Love gone awry
|
What type of love is "When my love swears that she is made of truth"?
|
|
Pope Alexander VI
|
A Borgia pope, who was known for his questionable behavior. He made a deal with Louis XII of France in order to the Papal States under the control of the Borgia family.
|
|
An interest of art and learning
|
The Renaissance was a rebirth of what?
|
|
Who controlled the trade of goods from east to west..what did they do
|
muslims and italians.. high prices
|
|
Christopher Marlowe's job while in college at Oxford
|
He spied on English Catholics for the Queen
|
|
Where is the gold used for the coin coming from?
|
-Trade from Africa (until 16th century)
-Africa + Americas (after 16th century)
|
|
Whats was the major shift from the middle ages to the renaissance?
|
went from focus on god to focus on art/literature, etc.
|
