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Definitions |
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granite
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sandstone
sedimentary
detrital
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Fossiliferous Limestone
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sedimentary
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semblance
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outward appearance
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scoria
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lava rock; vesicular
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strata
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layers of rock
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limestone
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sedimentary chemical reservoir rock
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conglomerate
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gravel size particles, rounded
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Shale
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Sedimentary rock, red black
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a liquid fossil fuel
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Petroleum
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non-clastic
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split into organic and chemical
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geologist
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a person who studies rocks
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Sandstone
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Sedimentary, Clastic: Sandy, redish, medium-grained
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Phyllite
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metamorphic rock, fine grained, foliated, breaks along wavey surfaces, glossy sheen, parent rock → slate
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Back in the USSR
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Beatles 68
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texture
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determined by size, shape, and positions of the grains which a rock contains
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Marble
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a non-foliated metamorphic rock that is produced from the metamorphism of limestone. It is composed primarily of calcium carbonate.
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cementation
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minerals left behind from evaporating water cements the sediments together
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porphyritic
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has both small and large grains
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What are grains?
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Part of roots texture.
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Deposition
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the process of dropping, or depositing, sediment in a new location
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A rock in which coarse-grained minerals separate into distinct bands
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gneiss
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AOR
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album oriented radio: playing entire albums in series on the radio
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What texture of rocks has large crystals?
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coarse
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foliated
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texture of a metamorphic rock does have mineral
crystals arranged in bands.
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rock
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a solid aggregate or mass of mineral
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3 Properties of Studying Rocks
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Composition, Color, Texture
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sedimentary rock
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rock formed when loose material settles and then gets pressed or cemented together
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asolute age
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The year the rock was formed
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Nonfoliated
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Metamorphic rock such as marble whos grains grow and re arrange but do not form layers.
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metamorphic rock
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rock altered by pressure and heat
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Diorite
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rock that forms when magma of intermediate composition crystallizes at depth
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Geode
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A hollow rock inside which mineral crystals have grown.
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El ciclo de las rocas
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The rock cycle
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gold color and has a metallic lustergreenish black streak
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pyrite-mineral
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crust
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the brown, hard outer portion or surface of a loaf or slice of bread (
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cleavage
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the tendency of a mineral to break along zones to from one or more smooth parallel sides
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equant
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grain size with the same dimensions in all directions.
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travertine
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A form of limestone that is deposited by hot springs or as a cave deposit
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Pressure
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the force pushing on an area or surface
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Extrusive Igneous
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Igneous rock formed from the cooling of lava on the earth's surface
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metamorphic rocks
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These rocks are changed by heat, pressure, and hot fluids.
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atoll
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A ring shaped coral island found far from land.
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fragments of rock
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How does clastic sedimentary rock begin?
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ALL ROCK GROUP
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Metamorphic rocks can be formed by
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Which rock's name comes from the Greek words for "changed" and 'shape?"
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Metamorphic
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Examples of foliated rocks:
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slate, gneiss, schist, and soapstone
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erosion
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the process by which the surface of the earth is worn away by the action of water, glaciers, winds, waves, etc.
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luster
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the state or quality of shining by reflecting light; glitter, sparkle, sheen, or gloss:
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Igneous
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form from the cooling of magma or lava (melted rock or molten rock)
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deformed
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Bends or folds in rocks show that they have been _________
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intrusive igneous rock
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rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath Earth's surface
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igneous rock
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rock formed as a result of intense heat
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sedimentary
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of, pertaining to, or of the nature of sediment.
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what type of sedimentary rock is made of fragments of rocks cemented together by a mineral? (not a specific rock)
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clastic sedimetary rock
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CHARACTERISTICS OF GRNITIC ROCKS
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CONTAIN SILICA AND LESS IRON AND MAGNESIU AND RE THICK AND STIFF
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relative age
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the age of a rock compared to the ages of rock layers
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how the rocks formed
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the names of the three major groups of rocks refer to what?
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an intrusive rock is a rock that was formed inside the volcano. if it is formed inside the volcano it cools slowly.
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What is an intrusive rock?
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Facies
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Shallow-sandstone
Moderate-shale
Deep-limestone
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obsidian
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ign
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stephen bishop
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caver
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lithification
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conversion into rock
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element
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a pure substance
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pebbles
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between 2mm and 64mm
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groups
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how they are formed
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Intrusive
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formed in earth's surface.
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Lava
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liquid rock on Earth's crust
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Fault
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A break in the crust
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geology
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the study of the earth
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Andesite
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Example of an intermediate, aphanitic rock
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Gneiss or Graphite
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Type of Metamorphic rock?
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Marble, and Gneiss
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Examples of Metamorphic Rock
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Chemical sedimentary
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Non-clastic rocks formed when dissolved minerals came out of soultion, examples are limestone, rock salt
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cave calcite
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makes stalagmite and stalactites and soda straws in caves
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Rock cycle
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Transformation of rock into different forms
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sediments
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small, solid, pieces of material that come from rocks or living things
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the largest of all igneous intrusions are............
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batholiths
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rocks
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a naturally occuring solid mixture of 1 or more minerals
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slate
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shale changes to this as pressure causes the minerals to line up in layers.
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compaction
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The process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight.
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coarse-grained
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What kind of texture will a conglomerate rock have?
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he invented the rock cycle
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James Hutton 1788
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1 example of an intrusive igneous rock
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Granite
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(salty taste, 3 directions of cleavage at 90, cubic, colorless to white).
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Halite
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lithosphere
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the solid portion of the earth (
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igneous rocks that are lower in density and lighter in color
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granetic
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Porphyritic Texture.
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The Igneous rock texture that is characterized y two distinctly different crystal sizes called _____.
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A classification of metamorphic rocks would incllude whether they are ________.
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foliated or nonfoliated
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Contact Metamorphism
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molten rock comes into contact with solid rock
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mineral deposits
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sources of metals for cars and airplanes, quartz and feldspar for glass, fluorite and calcite for toothpaste, silver compounds for photographic film, mica and talc for paint.
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igneous rocks
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rocks produced by the cooling and solidifying of magma
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Extrusive rock
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igneous rocks that formed from lava that erupted
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fossil
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any remains or evidence of an organism that lived in the past--Evidence may include an organism's footprint
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What type of limestone is made from a collection of shells or coral?
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fossiliferous
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Regional Metamorphism
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a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to changes in temperature and pressure over a large area, generally as a result of tectonic forces.
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origin
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- where and how a rock is formed. Classify into 3 groups: igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic.
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sedimentary rock layers
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oldest top; bottom new; layers of anything
sediments from eroded rock or decaying plants and animals
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Mohs hardness scale
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A scale ranking 10 minerals from softest to hardest; testing the hardness of minerals
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Newport Folk Festival
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Bob Dylan upsets fans by playing electric rock instead of acoustic/folk rock
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What is an example of a coarse grained sedimentary rock?
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a conglomerate
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four most common minerals in light colored rocks
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quartz, feldspar, plagiociose, and muscovite
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Topset beds of a delta...
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are graded to the elevation of the lake or sea level
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a volcanic neck is formed___and the surrounding rock erodes away
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when a magma body solidifies within the vent of a volcano
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hardness
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excessive sternness
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examples of sedimentary rock
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shale-clastic
sandstone-clastic
congramerate-organic
limestone-organic
rock salt -chemical
salt water-chemical
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2. scoria
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holy, dark brown
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gneiss
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metamorphic - was granite
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Vesicular Basalt
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Rock Type: Igneous
Texture: aplanitic/vesicular
Composition: mafic
Type: extrusive
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Acquiesce
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to agree or express agreement
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carbon dioxide
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A colorless, odorless, incombustible gas, CO, formed during respiration, combustion, and organic decomposition and used in food refrigeration, carbonated beverages, inert atmospheres, fire extinguishers, and aerosols, a heavy odorless colorless gas formed during respiration and by the decomposition of organic substances
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Rocks formed from pre-existing rocks by extreme heat or pressure are called _________;
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Metamorphic
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mineral
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inoranic solid with a crystalline structure found in nature
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Sedimentary Rocks
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Formed by the compaction and cementation of layers of sediments. (Can have fossils, geodes, and mud cracks.)
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Caliche
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the pedocal soil that accumulates in the B-horizon ans cements the soil together creating a solid mass forms in desserts
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Grain
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The particles of mineral or other rocks that make up a rock
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magma
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forms when rock partially or completly melts, happens when metamorphic rock come in contact wiht magma and then melts and becomes part of magma
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Metamorphic minerals
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new minerals that only grow under metamorphic temperatures
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amber
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hardened tree sap; often a source of insect fossil
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Organic rock
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Sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of organisms deposited in thick layers.
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intact
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when an entire animal is preserved in amber, ice, tar, or ash
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EXTRUSIVE
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the type of igneous rock that forms on the Earth's surface
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intrusive igneous rocks
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igneous rocks that form inside the Earth, and they have large crystals, because they have more time to cool
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organic sedimentary rock
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sedimentary rock that is made form once-living things
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weathering erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation
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the rock cycle goes as follows...
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What are examples of chemical sedimentary rock?
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Limestone, rock salt, gypsum, dolomite
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Examples of a solid-solid solution.
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You probably won't find people making solid-solid solutions in front of you. They start off as solid/gas/liquid-liquid solutions and then harden at room temperature. Alloys with all types of metals are good examples of a solid solution at room temperature.
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