Michigan State University, PSL 250

Excerpt: ... What You Should Have Gotten Out of the Reflexes and Autonomic Nervous System Lecture or Learning Objectives for the Reflexes and Autonomic Nervous System Lecture A stimulus can be outside or inside the body. Receptors can be distal ends of sensory neurons or separate cells that are associated with sensory neurons. Sensory neurons transmit information to the CNS when a receptor potential produces an action potential. 1. Describe stimuli (include general location). Describe receptors, afferent division of PNS, CNS, efferent division of PNS. Describe the receptor potential and how an action potential is triggered in the afferent (= sensory) neuron. Sensory information (action potentials in sensory neurons) can cause an automatic motor response (a reflex). Most reflexes are polysynaptic. 2. Describe the knee-jerk (patellar tendon, a stretch) reflex. Define reflex. Define monosynaptic reflex, polysynaptic reflex. Understand where interneurons are located. Know and describe the 5 components of a reflex. Define effe ...

Washington, BSTR 301

Excerpt: ... Autonomic Nervous System May 6th, 2009 Readings and Information Chapter 16: The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes (pp. 465-485) \ Questions in chapter that are helpful: Before you go on: 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,12, Think about it: page 473, 477 Testing your recall:1,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,12,17,18 True or False: 2,3,4,6,10 Testing your comprehension: 1,2,3,4 Read article: Stress Could Save Your Life http:/www.newsweek.com/id/184154/page/1 and The Surprising Ways Stress Affects Your Health http:/www.newsweek.com/id/184155 APR: Nervous System Dissection: Sympathetic (ANS) & Parasympathetic (ANS) all Animations, Histology & Radiology: none Independent Study 1. Remember a recent (or past) fight or flight (stress) response you had. What were the sympathetic changes that occurred in your body? 2. Define the autonomic nervous system and be able to explain its relationship to the PNS anatomically (pg 468 & lecture). 3. Outline the two divisions of the ANS ...

Rutgers, PSYCH 101

Excerpt: ... Lecture Outline Researching the brain. The autonomic nervous system. Major structures of the brain. Brain lateralization. The split-brain phenomenon. Researching the Brain Brain research is dependent on technology. Early brain researchers could: Examine the thoughts and behaviors of patients who had suffered brain damage. Broca's area and speech deficits. Perform lesion experiments in animals: Destroy a specific brain region and then examine the effects of that lesion on behavior. Hypothalamic damage can lead to obesity or starvation, depending on the location of damage. Researching the Brain (Cont.) Single cell recordings (since 1950's) Brain imaging techniques: EEG (since 1930's) and MEG (since 1990's). Track the electrical activity of the brain. CAT and MRI scans (since 1980's). Provide detailed pictures of brain structures. PET scan (since 1990's). Radioactive tracers are used to map brain regions for high and low activity (blood flow). fMRI (since ...

LSU, PSYCH 2000

Excerpt: ... erest and motivation. 1. Physiological- arousal comes from brain (particularly the limbic system) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) Physiological Component and the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) 2. Cognitive-thoughts, values and expectations 3. Behavioral-expressions, gestures, and body positions Theories and Concepts of Emotion - Can you identify the social smile versus the genuine, Duchenne smile? Real smiles involve muscles around both the eyes and cheeks. Theories and Concepts of Emotion- Four Theories of Emotion James-Lange (emotions occur after arousal) Cannon-Bard (arousal and emotion occur simultaneously) Facial-Feedback (facial movements elicit arousal and specific emotions) Schachters Two-Factor (arousal leads to search for label and then emotion occurs) Theories and Concepts of Emotion: Overview of Four Theories of Emotion Can You Explain Why Pleasant Feelings Increase When Teeth Show? What Theory of Emotion is Portrayed in this Figure? Critical Thinking about Motiv ...

Utah, SYSTEMSPHY 6010

Excerpt: ... Systems Physiology II 6010 Lecture 16: Autonomic Nervous System Bradley Greger, PhD Bioengineering Moran Eye Center MEG lab Center for Advanced Medical Technologies 729 Arapeen Drive Park in front Meet in lobby Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic Parasympathetic Complementary systems Modulation and regulation of nearly all organ systems Sympathetic Paravertebral Ganglion "flight or fight" response Inhibits maintenance functions Digestion Increases functions which support activity Heart rate Respiration Blood pressure Blood flow to muscles Sympathetic Pre-ganglion cells in the intermediolateral (IML) nucleus of the lateral column Thoracic spinal cord Sympathetic Sympathetic chain ganglion Target of IML preganglionic cells Lateral to spinal cord Outside of vertebral column Parasympathetic Individual ganglia Cranio-sacral system "rest and digest" Synapse on ganglion near target organ Increases maintenance functions Digestion Blood flow to gut ...

Arizona, MCB 407

Excerpt: ... Lecture 2 24 August 2006 Electrical and chemical signaling in nervous systems MCB/BIOC/NRSC 407 24 August 2006 John Hildebrand Lecture 2: Electrical and chemical signaling in nervous systems; monosynaptic reflex Reading assignment: I. II. Nicholls 9-17, A1-A8 (at back of book) ; textbook material at Website; [also recommended: Kandel 29-40] III. IV. V. VI. VII. Organization of the nervous system Functional classification of neurons C CNS and its afferent and efferent pathways C cranial nerves, autonomic nervous system C sensory and motor neurons; interneurons Electrical signals in cells C signal detection in the laboratory C electrical currents in living systems Resting potential Electrotonic potentials C passive, local, graded C receptor potential, postsynaptic potential Action potentials C actively propagated, all-or-none, non-decrementing C threshold C phasic (dynamic) vs. tonic (static) patterns of action potentials A simple monosynaptic reflex - the knee-jerk reflex The vertebrate nervous ...

Michigan State University, PSL 250

Excerpt: ... Reflexes and Autonomic Nervous System Study Questions (Select the single BEST answer) 1. Which of the following is located entirely within the central nervous system? A) afferent neurons B) efferent neurons C) interneurons D) A and B E) A, B, and C 2. Because of reciprocal innervation, during the withdrawal reflex (or flexor reflex) that moves the hand from a hot stove or a foot from a sharp tack, when _ occur in the motor neurons going to the agonist (to cause removal of the hand or foot), _ occur in the motor neurons going to the antagonist. A) EPSPs, EPSPs B) IPSPs, IPSPs C) EPSPs, IPSPs D) IPSPs, EPSPs 3. The effectors of all reflexes are skeletal muscles. A) true B) false 4. Which of the following is NOT required for a patellar tendon (knee-jerk) reflex? A) afferent pathway B) efferent pathway C) effector D) interneuron E) receptor 5. The autonomic nervous system controls which of the following? B) cardiac muscle C) both A and B D) neither A nor B A) smooth muscle 6. Which of the follo ...

Washington, P 101

Excerpt: ... Myelin sheath and nodes of Ranvier Major neurotransmitters and their behavioral effects (endorphins, acetylcholine, serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, GABA) Central nervous system and the branches of the autonomic nervous system Imaging: CT, PET, MRI, functional MRI, EEG, MEG (MEG is not discussed in the book) Parts of the brain (medulla, reticular formation, corpus callosum, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebellum, pituitary, hypothalamus, sensory and motor cortex, thalamus, basic subdivisions of the cortex (lobes of the brain and functions), the homunculus, Broca's area, Wernicke's area) Neuroplasticity, examples of neuroplasticity Split brain testing (know in detail) Be able to locate brain damage (Using the homunculus, be able to say which part of the brain is likely to be damaged based on knowledge of some impairment or handicap) Weber's law Anatomy of the eye (the cell layers in the retina in relation to the path of light) Feature detectors Subliminal stimuli (research on self-improvement tapes) Noise and ...

Texas, PSY 301

Excerpt: ... Psychology of sex (353) Physiology of sex (351) Sexual orientation (356) Achievement motivation (366) Chapter 11 Theories of emotion (371) Emotions and the autonomic nervous system (373) Cognition and emotion (377) Detecting emotion (380) Gender, emotion, and nonverbal behavior (381) Anger (387) Two psychological phenomena: adaptation and comparison (393) Predictors of happiness (394) The stress response syndrome (397) Stress and the heart (400) Psychoneuroimmunology (402) Coping with stress (407) Managing stress effects different approaches (409) Chapter 12 Personality (421) Exploring the unconscious (422) Personality structure (423) Defense mechanisms (425) Neo-Freudian and Psychodynamic Theorists (426) Assessing the unconscious process (427) Abraham Maslow's self-actualizing person (432) MMPI (437) The big five factors (438) Reciprocal influences (443) Internal versus external locus of control (445) Exploring the self (450) Benefits of self-esteem (451) Self-serving bias (452) - Review video notes - Rev ...

JMU, BIO 270

Excerpt: ... LECTURE AND BOOK KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS CHECKLIST (*L.N.=information can be found in your lecture notes) Chapter 7 Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division (p 237) 1. Autonomic Nervous System Preganglionic fiber (p 238) Postganglionic fiber a. Sympathetic Nervous System Thoracolumbar Sympathetic ganglion chain/trunk Collateral ganglia Adrenal medulla (p 243) Epinephrine b. Parasympathetic Nervous System (p 238) Craniosacral Terminal ganglia Cholinergic fibers ACh Adrenergic fibers Norepinephrine Varicosities (p 239) *sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers release _ *parasympathetic postganglionic fibers release _ *most sympathetic postganglionic fibers release _ Cholinergic receptors (p 243) Adrenergic receptors (p 244) *Different organs have different amounts of each sort of adrenergic receptor. An organs response to norepinephrine and epinephrine depends upon how many alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, and beta-2 receptors it has. 2. Somatic Nervous System (p 237 ...

LSU, PSYCH 2000

Excerpt: ... the skull and spinal column. (Note: The brain is discussed in the next section). The spinal cord is responsible for reflex actions that control all voluntary and reflex responses of the body below the neck. The workings of the "reflex arc" are highlighted. Formatted: Bullets and Numbering B. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - The PNS includes all nerves going to and from the brain and spinal cord. Its two major subdivisions are the somatic and the autonomic nervous system. The somatic nervous system includes all nerves carrying afferent (incoming) sensory information and efferent (outgoing) motor information to and from the sense organs and skeletal muscles. The autonomic nervous system includes those nerves outside the brain and spinal cord that maintain homeostasis, normal functioning of the body's glands, heart muscles, and the smooth muscles of the blood vessels and internal organs. The autonomic nervous system is divided into two branches, the parasympathetic and the sympathetic, which tend to wo ...

USC, BISC 421

Excerpt: ... FinishingLecture5: Cerebellum/Eye Movements BeginningLecture6: SkeletalMuscle/Visceral MotorSystems 10Oct08 MotorSystems:RevisitingtheBigPicture Howareskeletalmusclesactuallycontrolled? 1 SkeletalMuscle TheMotorUnit TheMuscleSpindle StretchRef ...