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Unformatted text preview: Antimicrobial Drugs Chemotherapy The use of drugs to treat a disease Antimicrobial drugs Interfere with the growth of microbes within a host Antibiotic Substance produced by a microbe that, in small amounts,inhibits another microbe Selective toxicity A drug that kills harmful microbes without damaging the host • 1928 – Fleming discovered penicillin, produced by Penicillium . • 1940 – Howard Florey and Ernst Chain performed first clinical trials of penicillin. Figure 20.1 Table 20.1 Table 20.2 The Action of Antimicrobial Drugs • Broad-spectrum - may kill normal microbiota • Superinfection - opportunistic infections • Bactericidal • Bacteriostatic Figure 20.2 • Penicillin – Natural penicillins – Semisynthetic penicillins Antibacterial Antibiotics Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis Penicillins Figure 20.6 • Penicillin derivatives – Penicilinase-resistant penicillins – Extended-spectrum penicillins – Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors – Carbapenems – Monobactam Antibacterial Antibiotics Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis Figure 20.8 Penicillinase or beta-lactamase •...
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This note was uploaded on 04/09/2008 for the course BIOS 231 taught by Professor Hill during the Spring '08 term at Northern Illinois University.
- Spring '08
- Hill
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