Chapter 3&4 key terms legal - Chapter 3 Ethics A...

Chapter 3
Ethics .. A branch of philosophy dealing with values that relate to the nature of human conduct
and values associated with that conduct. (pg 38).
Business ethics .. Balancing the goal of profits with values of individuals and society. (Pg: 38)
Positive Law .. Law enacted and condified by governmental authority. (Pg 38).
Natural Law .. A system of principles to guide human conduct independent of, and sometime
contrary to enacted law and discovered by man’s rational intelligence. PG 39
Civil Disobedience.. The term used when natural law proponents violate positive law. Pg 39
Situational ethics .. A flexible standard of ethics that permits an examination of circumstances
and motivation before attaching the label of right and wrong to conduct. Pg 39
Moral relativism … Takes into account motivation and circumstance to determine whether an
act was ethical. Pg 39
Stakeholders.. Those who have a stake, or interest, in the activities of a corporation;
stakeholders include employees, member of the community in which the corporation operates,
vendors, customers, and any other who are affected by the actions and decisions of the
corporation. Pg 40
Downsizing.. a reduction in workforce. Pg 40
Stakeholder analysis.. The term used when a decision maker views a problem from different
perspectives and measures the impact of a decision on various groups. Pg 41
Integrity.. the adherence to one’s values and principles despite the costs and consequences.Pg 57
Conflict of interest.. Conduct that compromises an employee’s allegiance to that company. Pg
58
Primum non nocere . Above all do no harm. Pg 60
Chapter 4
Federal system… the system of government in which a central government is given power to
administer to national concerns while individual states retain the power to administer to local
concerns. Pg. 70
Constitution.. a body of principles that establishes the structure of a government and the
relationship of the government to the people who are governed. Pg 70
Tripartite.. three-part division (of government). Pg 70
Legislative branch. The branch of government formed to make law (congress) laws. Pg 70.
Judicial branch.. the branch of government formed to interpret laws ( courts). Pg 70
Executive branch. The branch of government formed to execute laws ( the president). Pg 70
Bicameral.. a two house form of the legislative branch of government. Pg 70
Delegated powers.. powers expressly granted the national government by the constitution. Pg 70
Shared powers.. Powers that are held by both state and national government. Pg 71
Police power.. the power to govern; the power to adopt laws for the protection of the public
health, welfare, safety, and morals. Pg 71
Ex post facto law.. a law making criminal an act that was lawful when done or that increases the
penalty when done. Such laws are generally prohibited by constitutional provisions. Pg 71
Preemption.. The federal government’s superior regulatory position over state laws on the same
subject area. Pg 72

Bedrock view. A strict constructionist interpretation of a constitution. Pg 73
Living-document view . The term used when a constitution is interpreted according to changes