CASE STUDY --- DRUG STUDY.docx - Name and classification of...

Name and
classification of
drug
Dose,
Frequency,
Route,
Duration of
administration
Mechanism of
Action
Indications Contraindications Adverse Effects Nursing Responsibility
Generic:
Paracetamol
Brand: Biogesic
Class:
Antipyretic
Dose: 300 mg
Frequency: q4
PRN for pain
Route: IV
Duration:
It is used to;
Control of pain due to
headache, earache,
dysmenorrhea, arthralgia,
myalgia, musculoskeletal
pain, arthritis,
immunizations, teething,
tonsillectomy
Reduce fever in viral and
bacterial infections
Contraindicated to
patient with;
1. Renal Insufficiency
2. Anemia
3.
Liver toxicity
(hepatocyte
necrosis) may
occur with doses
not far beyond
labeled dosing.
4. If 3 or more
alcoholic drinks per
day are consumed,
consult a physician
prior to use.
The adverse effects of
Paracetamol are the ff;
1. Minimal GI upset.
2. Methemoglobinemia
3. Hemolytic Anemia
4. Neutropenia
5. Thrombocytopenia
6. Pancytopenia
7. Leukopenia
8. Urticaria
9. CNS stimulation
10. Hypoglycemic coma
11. Jaundice
12. Glossitis
13. Drowsiness
14. Cyanosis
15. N/V
16. Dyspnea
17. Abdominal pain
18. Liver Damage
Nursing responsibilities
and patient teachings;
1. Do not exceed
4gm/24hr. in adults
and 75mg/kg/day in
children.
2. Do not take for
>5days for pain in
children, 10 days
for pain in adults,
or more than 3 days
for fever in adults.
3. Extended-Release
tablets are not to be
chewed.
4. Monitor CBC, liver
and renal functions.
5. Avoid using OTC
drugs with
Acetaminophen.
6. Take with food or
milk to minimize
GI upset.
7. Report N&V.
cyanosis, shortness
of breath and
abdominal pain as
these are signs of
toxicity.
8. Report paleness,
weakness, and
heartbeat skips
9. Report abdominal
pain, jaundice, dark

urine, itchiness or
clay-colored stools.
10. Report pain that
persists for more
than 3-5 days
11. Avoid alcohol.
12. This drug is not for
regular use with
any form of liver
disease.
Generic:
Cefuroxime
Brand: Ceftin
Class:
Antibiotic
Dose: 1.5 gm
IV as loading
dose then 750
mg IV
Frequency: q8h
Route: IV
Duration:
Unknown
Chemical
effect: inhibits
cell-wall
synthesis,
promoting
osmotic
instability;
usually
bactericidal.
Therapeutic
effect: hinders
or kills
susceptible
bacteria,
including many
gram-positive
organisms and
enteric gram-
negative bacilli.
It is used to;
Treat for pharyngitis,
tonsillitis, infections of the
urinary and lower
respiratory tracts, UTI,
surgical prophylaxis and
skin and skin-structure
infections coli.
Contraindicated to
patient with;
1. Contraindicated in
patients
hypersensitive to
drug.
2. Use cautiously in
patients
hypersensitive to
penicillin because
of possibility of
cross-sensitivity
with other beta-
lactam antibiotics.
3. Use with caution in
breast-feeding
women and in
patients with
history of colitis or
renal sufficiency.
The adverse effects of
Cefuroxime are the ff;
1. Shock
2. Erythema
multiform
3. Hypersensitivity
4. Renal
insufficiency
5. Hematological
disorders
6. Abdominal pain
7. Diarrhea
8. Thrombophlebitis
(IV site); pain,
burning, cellulitis
(IM site);
superinfections,
positive
Coombs'test.