Garrett Brnger
2/14/08
Lecture 8 (Lecture 9 overall)
Growth Rate (Transition From ISI)
1965.80
1980-90
Sub-Sah Africa
4
2
East Asia
7
8
South Asia
4
5
Latin Amer/Carib
6
2
ISI was working alright for some areas.
Taiwan vs. Brazil in the Key Transition Period
Taiwan
Brazil
Per capita income
(billions $)
1980
2,340
2,050
1989
7,510
2,540
-
Debt crisis wiped out gains in South America
-
South America couldn’t pay the loans
-
IMF pushed for re-structuring because ISI wasn’t working for them
The Asian ‘Miracle’
-
Share of World Trade
East Asian NICS
1965
2%
1986
9%
Sub-Sah Africa
1965
.4%
1986
.2%
Asia really pulls ahead in this period.
(by the end of import substitution era)
Life Expect.
Adult Lit
Niger
45 years
14%
Togo
54
41%
Singapore
73 years
86%
So. Korea
70 years
95%
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Why the Asian Success?
-
Trade (Export) emphasis
o
Before they were importing finished products
o
After they imported parts, machinery
o
Had some hindsight of Latin America
o
In the mid-60’s and in the 80’s it was easier to export
o
General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

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- Spring '08
- Eckstein
- International Trade, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
-
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