exam2 - Freud o Wish fulfillment Manifest content Latent...

 Freud
o Wish fulfillment
 Manifest content
 Latent content
 Cartwright
Information processing
 Hobson & McCarley
Activation synthesis
 Biorhythms of Sleep
o Circadian rhythms- approx. 24 hours long
o Natural Sleep- light, body temp.
 Resetting the Biological Clock
o Retina detects light
o Sends message to hypothalamus- suprachiasmic nucleus (SCN)
o SCN sends message to pineal gland
o Pineal gland releases melatonin
o Melatonin adjusts clock
 EEG
o electroencephalograph
o measures brain waves
 Sleep Cycles
o Awake- Beta (lo v, hi f)

o Drowsy- Alpha
o Stage 1- thetta, few minutes
o Stage 2- sleep spindles, mixed waves, 20+ minutes
o Stage 3 + 4- Delta (hi v, lo f), about 30 minutes
o REM (lo v, hi f), most dreaming
 3 Functions of Sleep
o Protective
o Restorative
o Growth
 Sleep Disorders
o Insomnia
o Narcolepsy
o Sleep Apnea
 Features of Dreams
o Story-like
o Day residue
o Mostly mundane
 3 Theories of Dreaming
o Wish fulfillment
o Information processing
o Activation synthesis
 Bandura

Observational conditioning
 Skinner
Operant conditioning
 Pavlov
Classical conditioning
 Classical Conditioning
o Unconditional Stimulus (UCS)- natural, evokes UCR
o Unconditioned Response (UCR)- natural response to UCS
o Conditional Stimulus (CS)- learned, evokes CR
o Conditional Response (CR)- learned response to CS
 Generalization/Discrimination
CR spreads to similar stimuli/CR is restricted to specific stimuli
 Acquisition/Extinction
Learn a new CR/Unlearn a CR
 Spontaneous Recovery
CR reappears after extinction and non-exposure
 Operant Conditioning
o Skinner's rats
o Reinforcement and punishment
o Skinner box
 Skinner Box
A small enclosure in which an animal can make a specific response that is systematically
recorded while the consequences of the response are controlled