Classics Midterm Study Sheet xFirst modern Olympics oApril 6-15th 1896 oAthens Greece o14 nations + 8 events oFounded by Pierre de Coubertin Modern Olympic Ideology oAmateurism–(look up definition) o“sacred Truce” of games promotes peace and internationalrelations Olympic creed–not to win but to take part Greek Definitions (Ancient Vs. Modern athletics) xAthletics–“prize” be first in anything xCrown Games–“in it for the money” didn’t have to be #1 as you are getting paid xCompetition–“agony” One must endure some sort of agony or pain when they compete About Greek sports… -Training for war (Athletes are soldiers as well) -Fundamentally religious Greek Religion: Polytheistic Anthropomorphism •Polythemism: Many gods •Anthropomorphism= In the shape of humans Lecture 2 Hesiod:Background •Heseiod Author ofTheogony = (Birth of the Gods)–origins of the cosmos; how Zeus became king of the gods. –Gods can be born and are subject to things human are –Gods can be born by humans but are immortal –Zeus is king of gods Intergenerational Cosmic Strife [Eris]–Background of theogany •Ouranos + Gaia (parents) –Give birth to three different types of people •Titans; Cyclopes, Hundred Handers (Briareos, Cottos, and Gyges) Titans Kronos (+Rhea), Iapetus (+ Clymene) OlympiansNon-Olympians; Non-Titans HadesMenoitios PoseidonAtlas ZeusPrometheus Hestia, Demeter, HeraEpimetheus Children of Iapetus- Challengers to Zeus (people who have gone against zeus’s will) Menoitios-Outrageous (hybrstic) Menoitios, broad browed Zeus blasted into Erebos Atlas-Crimped hard, holds up the wide sky at earth’s limits….Standing with indefatigable head and hands, for this is the part wise Zeus assigned him -Atlas is punished by zeus by forcing him to hold upo the entire world

-He is the symbol of force and strength Prometheus-And he bound Prometheus with ineluctable fetters, painful bonds, and drove a shaft through his middle, and set a long-winged eagle on him that kept gnawing at his undying liver, but when the long winged bird ate the whole day through, would all grow back by night. -Known for his deception Notes: -Prometheus and Atlas are known as the two aspects of sports,force and deception -Bie = forceandmetis = deceptionand Zeus has both Zeus’ Winning Teamin the Titanomachy And Styx, Ocean’s daughter, made love with Pallas and bore Envy (Zelos) in her house and beautiful Victory (Nikê) and Strength (Kratos) and Force (Biê)- notable children she bore, and they have no house apart from Zeus, no dwelling or path except where the god leads them, and they dwell forever with deep-thundering Zeus. Children of Styx Zelos= Envy (jealousy) Nikê= Victory Kratos= Strength Biê= Force/Power Notes: -envy accompanies victory, which leads to victory through strength and force/power … For this was how Styx, Ocean’s daughter, made her decision on that fateful day when the lord of lighting summoned the gods to the slopes of Olympos, and told them whoever fought along with him