Day 2 - TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION 1 .docx

The Industrial Revolution (1750 -1850)
Factories that came dominate the city skyline in many
rapidly expanding cities across.
Image
is courtesy of aria systems
The Industrial Revolution was the
period in which the production of
goods shifted from hand production
methods to complex machines. This
period of industrialization resulted in
social and economic changes.
The Industrial Revolution started in
Great Britain around 1750. The
process of industrialization spread
throughout the world in the
following centuries.
Manchester from Kersal Moor by William Wyld
Image is courtesy of wikimedia commons and is in the public domain

Innovation during the Industrial Revolution
The technological innovations of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain, and the innovations developed elsewhere when industrialization spread to other
countries, changed the course of human history and paved the way for our modern lives. These advances accelerated human technological achievement to a
pace that people had never experienced before.
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Directions: Examine the innovations on the following pages and respond to the accompanying questions.

1. Innovations in Energy Sources: Human, Animal, Wood and Water Power to Coal
Before the Industrial Revolution Industrial Innovation: Coal
Before the Industrial Revolution, the main sources of energy were
human , animal , wood, and water power. In addition to using animals to
push and pull, they were also used to power machines. A modern
version can be seen in the video below. Water power had been used for
centuries to power mills, but this limited where someone could put a
factory because it needed to be near fast moving water. In the early
years of the Industrial Revolution, factories were located near rivers and
streams to use the water power to move gears that powered the
machines inside. Wood was also used as fuel once steam engines were
invented but it took time to replenish after the trees were harvested
and it was heavy and bulky to transport.
Click to watch a modern animal-powered sawmill in Belize.
Click to watch a restored water-powered sawmill in Ireland.
Watch this BBC Video on the Industrial Revolution (2:22-
5:08) to learn about the importance and power of coal as
source of energy.
Coal is a black or brownish-black sedimentary rock. It is extracted from the
Earth by underground mining or by digging large pits until the coal is
unearthed. Coal is a common rock in many parts of the world and with
improved mining technology in the 18th century, it became easy to get.
Because it can be set on fire and it burns at a high temperature for a long
period of time, it is an extremely powerful fuel for the generation of heat and
electricity. Today, approximately 40 percent of the world's electricity
production depends on coal, making it the largest single source of electricity
worldwide.