WOMS 201 EXAM 2 Study GuideFall2015Know the terms listed under each weeks topic and have a general sense of the responseto the questions–they are laid out by lecture questions, then the specific readingmaterials for each weekWeek 5 Women in BuddhismTerms:Four Noble Truths1st) All human lives have some suffering.2nd) Suffering is caused by your own desire for worldly stuff.3rd) Suffering ends when you get free from you desires.4th)the way to end suffering is to achieve Nirvana by going on Buddha's Eight Step PathEightfold Path:1) Right Understanding of the Four Noble Truths2) Right Intention: following the right path in life - The intention of non- greed, non-hatred andnon-delusion.3) Right speech: Abstaining from false speech, malicious speech, harsh speech and idlechatter.4) Right Action following the Five Precepts Abstaining from killing, stealing and sexualmisconduct.5) Right livelihood; support yourself without harming others Abstaining from wrong and corruptmeans of livelihood.6) Right Effort: promote good thoughts; conquer evil thoughts7) Right Mindfulness: Become aware of your body, mind and feelings The four foundations ofmindfulness - contemplation on body, contemplation on feelings, contemplation on mind andcontemplation on mind-objects.8) Right Concentration: Meditate to achieve a higher state of consciousnessSangha:community of all Buddhists(The community of Monastics and perhaps laypeople )Buddha’slessons:the monks debated details and decided on the final versionBodhisattvasomeone who has attained enlightenment, but who chooses to remain in this world of Samsarato bring others to enlightenmentMandalas:paintings or other representations of higher awareness, usually in a circular patternof images, which may provide the focus of one-pointed meditation.Mantras:words or phrases that serve the same purpose.Mudras: hand positions that symbolize certain qualities of enlightenment.
Yidam:the image of a god or goddess, or other spiritual being, either physically represented or,more commonly, imagined in the mind's eye.Dakinis:enlightened female energies from the spirit realm who appear on earth in human form.Bhikkhuni Eight Special Rule:1. Bhikkhus (men) were always to have precedence over Bhikkhunis (women) in matters ofsalutation, etc. irrespective of any other consideration.Every nun, regardless of seniority is junior to even the youngest monk2. Bhikkhunis (women) could not observe the annual retreat in a district where there were noBhikkhus (men).Nuns cannot send the rainy season in a place where there are no monks to instruct them3. Bhikkhus (men) had to set the dates for Bhikkhuni (women) Uposatha ceremonies.Monks set the dates for women's ceremonies and they need to have monks at them4. Confessing transgressions by Bhikkhnis (women) had to done before the assembly of bothBhikkhus (men) and Bhikkhunis (women).Women have to confess transgressions to both monks and nuns ( Monks do not)5. Certain judicial processes in case of Bhikkhunis (women) had to be undertaken by both the
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